粉煤灰颗粒增强铝基复合材料的研究

采用粉末冶金法成功制备了煤粉灰颗粒增强铝基复合材料。煤粉灰颗粒大多为球形,密度为2.75g/cm3,颗粒直径主要集中在5～60μm范围内,主要成分为SiO2、Al2O3和Fe2O3,三者质量分数总和超过85%。经SEM分析表明,该复合材料中存在着颗粒团聚,并有少量气孔产生。随着煤粉灰质量分数的增加,复合材料的密度逐渐减少;当煤粉灰颗粒的质量分数在10%以下时,该复合材料的硬度是上升的,超过10%时硬度开始下降。     

Control of material flow in a combined backward can - forward rod extrusion

The paper deals with an analysis of an extrusion process with a divided material flow. As we are forced to seek for optimal technological solutions with short testing times and low risks and costs, a reliable process evaluation is of the greatest importance.

The paper discusses the influences of tool geometry, friction and lubrication as well as workpiece properties on balanced material flow in a combined extrusion process. The FEM analysis applying the DEFORM code has been used in order to predict the process parameters and to estimate its stability. The subsequent experimental verification has resulted in a conclusion that modern computer aided tools, tuned by proper experimental sets, can be used for fast and reliable cold metal forging process planning.     

A combined DEM–FEM numerical method for Shot Peening parameter optimisation

A numerical modelling approach capable of simulating Shot Peening (SP) processes of industrial interest was developed by combining the Discrete Element Method (DEM) with the Finite Element Method (FEM).In this approach, shot–shot and shot–target interactions as well as the overall shot flow were simulated efficiently using rigid body dynamics. A new algorithm to dynamically adapt the coefficient of restitution (CoR) for repeated impacts of shots on the same spot was implemented in the DEM code to take into account the effect of material hardening. Then, a parametric study was conducted using the Finite Element Method (FEM) to investigate the influence of the SP parameters on the development of residual stresses.Finally, a two-step coupling method is presented to combine the output of DEM simulation with FEM analyses to retrieve the Compressive Residual Stresses (CRS) after multiple impacts with the aim to evaluate the minimum area required to be modelled to realistically capture the field of residual stresses. A series of such coupled analyses were performed to determine the effect of peening angle and the combination of initial velocity and mass flow rate on CRS.     

基于改进支持向量机的高维隐写盲检测方法

针对高维大样本空间中支持向量机( SVM)存在计算复杂度高、分类精度低等问题,在随机子空间方法与主成分分析方法的基础上,提出一种特征加权支持向量机的高维隐写盲检测方法。通过随机子空间对原始高维样本的特征空间进行随机采样,产生多个低维的特征子集,在特征子集中采用主成分分析法进行特征提取,并利用卡方统计计算特征权重,运用特征加权核函数训练各基SVM分类器,并用多数投票法融合各基分类器结果得到最终分类结果。对HUGO隐写算法的实验结果表明,该方法能有效降低SVM计算复杂度,与传统方法相比,具有较高的隐写检测率和更快的分类速度。     

一种基于AOS格式的多相水平集快速分割方法

采用迎风格式的水平集算法实现需要在曲线演化过程中重新初始化水平集函数的要求,为保证算法的稳定,时间步长选取较小值,算法运行速度较慢。文中基于无须重新初始化的水平集方法,在算法数值实现中引入AOS半隐格式,对基于不同统计模型的水平集分割算法给出统一的数值实现。以二相水平集分割算法为基础提出一种新的多相水平集分割方法。该方法采用一个水平集函数进行多次演化实现多区域分割,其优点包括：1)采用AOS半隐格式,该格式无条件稳定,可采用较大的时间步长;2)对多个统计模型进行统一处理;3)采用单一的水平集函数进行演化,减少水平集演化方程的数量,算法更加灵活。实验结果表明,该方法具有较快的分割速度,对具有多个区域的图像能够进行较准确的分割。     

仙居抽水蓄能电站下水库事故闸门井深井开挖技术

仙居抽水蓄能电站下水库泄放洞事故闸门井开挖施工作业面狭窄、安全隐患大,经方案比选,采用"先导井后扩挖"方式进行开挖。其中导井开挖采用VCR法,具有作业安全、施工进度快、爆破成型效果好等优点,取得了较好的经济效益。     

基于赋权法比较的改进云模型应用研究——以汾河二库为例

针对传统模糊综合评价法具有评价指标权重矢量的确定主观性强、相对隶属度权系数易偏小、不能全面反映水库健康状态等缺陷,本文旨在优化水库健康评价方法,围绕水库健康评价指标体系,应用AHP、EWM、AHP-EWM、AHP-Cloud、AHP-EWM-Cloud共五种赋权方法进行权重分析比较。通过闵式距离确定最佳赋权方法,并以云模型确定隶属度函数,建立基于改进云模型的模糊综合评价模型对汾河二库进行健康评价。AHP-EWM-Cloud法被确定为用于汾河二库工程案例分析的最佳赋权法,水库整体评价等级为健康,但岸坡稳定与水质情况仍需改进。该结果与水库实际情况相符,验证了该方法的合理性与可行性。研究表明:基于AHP-EWM-Cloud法的改进云模型兼顾了数据的客观存在、决策者的主观意识以及模糊性与随机性,为水库健康评价提供了一种可行的新思路。     

THE EFFECT OF OIL CAVITY DEPTH ON TEMPERATURE FIELD IN HEAVY HYDROSTATIC THRUST BEARING

For a heavy hydrostatic bearing with a high linear velocity,the results of numerical calculations often differ from practical conditions if the viscosity is considered as constant.In this article,the influence of the oil cavity depth on the temperature field in the heavy hydrostatic bearing is discussed in the context of variable viscosity.The viscosity-temperature relations for the gap oil film are first established by fitting B-Spline curves,then,numerical calculations for the temperature field in the heavy hydrostatic bearing of different oil cavity depths are carried out based on Finite Volume Method (FVM) under the same rotating speed,and the influence of the oil cavity depth on the temperature distribution in the gap oil film of the hydrostatic bearing is discussed.The results of numerical calculations provide the temperature distribution state inside the hydrostatic bearing,which would help the selection and the design of hydrostatic bearings in engineering practice.     

基于有限元法的E-K模型参数敏感性分析

模型参数的确定是数值分析过程中的重要环节,合理把握参数的选取原则,可大大提高结构分析的可靠度以及参数反分析的计算效率.本文借助有限单元法考察了E-K模型参数变化对一个均质堤坝的位移和应力值的影响程度.通过分析明确了E-K模型中各参数对计算结果的敏感程度,同时提出了模型参数的选取原则.