Intrapersonal, familial, and cultural factors in the commitment to a career choice of Mexican American and non-Hispanic White college women.

These 2 studies assessed intrapersonal, familial, and cultural factors in the process of committing to a career choice of 91 and 71 Mexican American (MA) and 52 and 76 non-Hispanic White (NHW) college women. Factors different from what previous theory and research have suggested may propel the commitment to a career choice in these 2 groups. MA women's commitment to a career choice was influenced more by their instrumentality and less by their expressiveness or their parents: NHW's com7itment was influenced by familial factors rather than by intrapersonal factors in Study 1 and by instrumentality in Study 2. These findings underscore the need to investigate intrapersonal, contextual factors and culture in women's processes of committing to a career choice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Use of an exopolysaccharide-producing strain of Streptococcus thermophilus in the manufacture of Mexican Panela cheese

An exopolysaccharide (EPS) producing strain of Streptococcus thermophilus was evaluated for the production of Panela cheese using two total solids milk (TSM) concentrations (12.5 and 17.5 g/100 mL). This ropy strain increased cheese yield; nevertheless, with 12.5 TSM the increment was higher than with 17.5 TSM. Analysis of cheese composition showed that with 12.5 TSM, the ropy strain increased moisture, but did not change the fat or non fat solids on dry weight basis (dwb), suggesting that the increment of the yield is only due to water retention. In 17.5 TSM cheeses the ropy strain caused an increase in the moisture and fat (dwb), suggesting that besides water retention, fat also contributed to the yield. The difference in yield increment could be explained by cheese composition: higher fat content creates a more hydrophobic environment, which would expel more water than the cheese with lower fat content. Electron microscopy showed EPS attached to the protein matrix of the cheeses. In 17.5 TSM cheeses EPS was observed around the milk fat globules (MFG), confirming that higher TSM causes EPS to bind the MFG besides binding the protein matrix, retaining fat within the cheese. Sensory evaluation demonstrated that ropy cheeses were softer and creamier.     

Biodiversity of Bacteriocin-Producing Lactic Acid Bacteria from Mexican Regional Cheeses and their Contribution to Milk Fermentation

The aim of this work was to examine the biodiversity of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria from homemade cheeses produced in Veracruz (México) and assess their contribution as adjunct cultures in dairy products. Ninety-three presumptive bacteriocinogenic strains were detected by direct antagonism assays and 29 of them were active against Enterococcus faecalis NRRL-B537, Listeria innocua 062 AST, or Listeria monocytogenes ATCC19115 by the well diffusion test using cell-free supernatants, adjusted to pH 6.0 to exclude inhibition by organic acids. Positive isolates were identified by partial sequencing of the 16s rDNA as Pediococcus acidilactici (four isolates), Enterococcus faecium (17 isolates), Lactobacillus plantarum (six isolates) and Lactobacillus fermentum (two isolates). RAPD-PCR discriminated seven groups with a 50% similarity and revealed the presence of the same isolates. The coding genes for the synthesis of plantaricin EF, plantaricin JK, plantaricin N, plantaricin NC8 and the inducing peptide plantaricin A were detected by PCR in L. plantarum. Similarly, enterocin P and pediocin PA-1 genes were amplified from Enterococcus and Pediococcus genomic DNA, respectively. Overall, co-culturing of bacteriocin producing Lactobacillus and Pediococcus strains with the dairy starter Lactococcus lactis IPLA947 did not interfere with milk acidification. Lactose consumption, acidification rate and production of lactic acid were unchanged. Nonetheless, higher levels of acetic acid, ethanol and succinic acid were detected depending on the strain. Our results demonstrate the diversity of bacteriocinogenic species in homemade Mexican cheeses which may be used as adjunct cultures to enhancing safety of this well-appreciated cheese while providing a richer range of metabolites.     

消费者偏好的变化对欧盟农业和食品政策的影响:一个宏观概览

由于经济福利的改善、农业生产率的提高、消费者健康意识的增强和食品安全危机等多重影响,欧盟消费者对食品的偏好特征发生了改变,推动了欧盟农业和食品政策关注点从传统的供给和收入问题向食品质量和安全问题转变。本文在论述了消费者偏好变化和欧盟农业与食品政策变革的基础上,分析讨论了消费者对欧盟政策和标准的影响。     

A prospective study of bioenergy use in Mexico

Bioenergy is one of the renewable energy sources that can readily replace fossil fuels, while helping to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable rural development. This paper analyses the feasibility of future scenarios based on moderate and high use of biofuels in the transportation and electricity generation sectors with the aim of determining their possible impact on the Mexican energy system. Similarly, it evaluates the efficient use of biofuels in the residential sector, particularly in the rural sub-sector. In this context, three scenarios are built within a time frame that goes from 2005 to 2030. In the base scenario, fossil fuels are assumed as the dominant source of energy, whereas in the two alternative scenarios moderate and high biofuel penetration diffusion curves are constructed and discussed on the basis of their technical and economical feasibility. Simulation results indicate that the use of ethanol, biodiesel and electricity obtained from primary biomass may account for 16.17% of the total energy consumed in the high scenario for all selected sectors. CO₂ emissions reduction—including the emissions saved from the reduction in the non-sustainable use of fuelwood in the rural residential sector—is equivalent to 87.44 million tons of CO₂ and would account for 17.84% of the CO₂ emitted by electricity supply and transportation sectors when the base case and the high scenario are compared by 2030.     

Behavioral responses of female Mexican fruit flies,Anastrepha ludens,to components of male-produced sex pheromone

The behavioral responses of virgin female Mexican fruit flies elicited by components and combinations of the components of male-produced pheromone were measured in a laboratory wind-tunnel bioassay where test chemicals were applied to the undersides of some leaves on a treated tree but to none of the leaves of a control tree. Only treatments containing at least (Z)-3-nonenol and/or (Z,Z)-3,6-nonadienol in combination with (S,S)-(–)-epianastrephin elicited strong behavioral responses. Responses included attraction to the vicinity of the pheromone but not to point sources, increased searching rate, changes in searching strategy, and agonism. The results support a model of pheromone-component function in which components act as a unit to stimulate all behaviors of the pheromone-mediated behavioral repertoire.Diptera: Tephritidae.     

关于专业评酒员在白酒专业界定与消费者爱好的认知差异和关系

随着白酒行业的变化,主、客体之间的关系也发生较大的变化,作为企业和消费者间的白酒评酒员的职能也发生了变化。其承担的责任更多,必须保持专业的界定标准和适应市场消费爱好和趋向。白酒评酒员除知晓和提高专业知识外,还必须了解行业发展动态和市场消费动态。（孙悟）     

一种光学小波变换的改进

讨论了小波变换的光学实现方法，选择Ｍｅｘｉｃａｎ－ｈａｔ小波对光学信号提取进行了数值模拟，发现Ｍｅｘｉｃａｎ－ｈａｔ小波在信号提取方面的缺陷，在此基础上，提出了一种新的小波，并进行了数值模拟，证明了新小波的优点     

REACTIVE POWER COMPENSATION FOR INDUSTRIAL CONSUMERS: A NEW APPROACH

ABSTRACT

In this paper an attempt is made to obtain optimum reactive power compensation of industrial consumers by minimizing an objective function which is based on power loss saving, energy saving, maximum KVA demand saving and capacitor capacity requiements. It is also shown that how utilities as well as industrial consumers will be benefitted due to reactive power compensation.