某保健酒免疫调节和延缓衰老作用的研究

为研究天赐精元宝药酒的免疫调节和延缓衰老作用，进行了该酒对小鼠特异性和非特异性免疫功能的作用，对大鼠血、肝脂质过氧化水平和ＳＯＤ活性影响的以及对果蝇寿命的影响的试验。实验结果表明，在１５～５０ｍＬ／ｋｇ剂量下，经二周时间，该受试物具有提高小鼠特异性和非特异性免疫功能的作用，具有延缓衰老和抗脂质过氧化的作用     

ICR小鼠与BalB/c小鼠在构建正常小鼠模型中的比较

小鼠模型广泛应用于食品科学、毒理学及相关学科。为提供ICR小鼠和BalB／c的背景，本研究考察了10项免疫指标治疗。选用ICR小鼠、BalB/c小鼠各60只，按《保健食品功能学评价程序和检验方法》进行试验。在迟发型变态反应(DTH)、半数溶血值、巨噬细胞鸡红细胞吞噬率、NK细胞活性4项指标中，BalB／c小鼠显优于ICR小鼠，揭示在这4项实验中BalB／c小鼠应为首选。在脾脏体重比值、ConA刺激的小鼠淋巴细胞转化、单核—巨噬细胞碳廓清能力、巨噬细胞鸡红细胞吞噬指数4项指标中，两种小鼠差异没有显性，因此在这4项实验中ICR小鼠可以替代BalB/c小鼠。另外，在胸腺体重比值、小鼠的抗体生成细胞数两项指标中，ICR小鼠的表现优于BalB/c小鼠，其机理还不明了，有待进一步研究。     

牛前列腺提取物降血糖作用研究

为研究牛前列腺提取物对糖代谢的影响，采用正常小鼠、四氧密啶高血糖模型小鼠以及Ⅱ型糖尿病人群，连续服用牛前列腺提取物30d，观察其对空腹血糖及糖耐量的影响。结果显示：牛前列腺提取物对正常小鼠空腹血糖无影响；能明显降低高血糖模型小鼠空腹血糖(P＜0．01)，增强糖耐量(P＜0．01)；能明显降低H型糖尿病人群空腹及餐后血糖(P＜0．01)，而对人群健康无明显损害，提示牛前列腺提取物具有降血糖作用。     

复合抗氧化剂对小鼠脂质过氧化及果蝇生存期的影响

为探讨复合抗氧化剂 (碧萝芷 ○R 葡萄籽提取物 银杏叶提取物 )抗氧化、清除体内自由基和延缓衰老的动物学效应 ,根据受试物含量的多少将老龄昆明种小鼠分为低、中、高 3个剂量组 ,1个老龄对照组和 1个幼龄对照组 ,每组 17只。连续灌胃 90d ,分别采全血、血清 ,测定全血丙二醛(MDA)值和血清超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)的活力。另选OregonK野生型黑腹果蝇 ,随机分为 4个试验组和 1个对照组 ,每组 4 0 0只 ,雌雄各半 ,分别给予不同剂量的受试物 ,每两天观察记录果蝇生存数和死亡数 ,直到果蝇全部死亡为止。然后计算出半数死亡天数 ,平均寿命和平均最高寿命。结果显示 :小鼠抗氧化试验高剂量组与老龄对照组比较有降低血中MDA和升高血清SOD活力的作用 ;果蝇生存试验中 ,0 0 6 %剂量组雄性果蝇与对照组比较平均寿命延长 ,半数死亡时间高 5d。因此 ,说明这种复合抗氧化剂具有抗氧化 ,清除体内自由基和一定的延缓衰老作用     

蛋白酶体抑制剂MG-132对柯萨奇B3病毒性心肌炎小鼠的作用研究

目的: 研究泛素蛋白酶体抑制剂MG-132对柯萨奇B3(CVB3)病毒性心肌炎小鼠的作用,探讨泛素蛋白酶体系统在病毒性心肌炎发病学中的作用机制。方法: 随机将80只雄性BALB/C小鼠分为4 组(n=20):正常对照组、心肌炎组、心肌炎+处理组、正常+处理组。腹腔接种CVB3诱发急性心肌炎,次日腹腔注射MG-132,0.75 mg/kg;连续给药 7 d,对照组腹腔注射PBS。第8天小鼠取材,观察心脏病理变化,测定心肌CVB3病毒复制及血清肌钙蛋白、脑钠肽水平。结果: MG-132显著减轻心肌炎小鼠心脏病理损伤,显著降低心脏重量/身体重量比值,MG-132干预后第8天小鼠血清肌钙蛋白、脑钠肽水平显著降低,同时荧光定量PCR显示CVB3 mRNA复制水平显著降低。结论: MG-132通过抑制CVB3病毒复制,显著减轻心肌炎小鼠心脏病理损伤,起到保护心肌作用。     

Comparison of plasma and peritoneal concentrations of various categories of MRI blood pool agents in a murine experimental pharmacokinetic model

The aim of this study was to validate an experimental model designed to distinguish four categories of contrast agents, non specific agents (NDA, Gd-DOTA) characterized by rapid and total extravasation; low diffusion agents (LDA, P760) characterized by delayed extravasation; and rapid (P792) and slow clearance (P717) blood pool agents (BPA) characterized by limited extravasation. Plasma and peritoneal gadolinium concentrations were simultaneously measured after intravenous injection of various contrast agents in mice. Products of each category were compared in this model. The plasma pharmacokinetic profiles were similar for Gd-DOTA and P760 (t1/2 = 13.3 and 13.8 min. respectively), whereas the half-lives were 22 and 1212 min for P792 and P717, respectively. The plasma clearance was inversely related to the size of the contrast agent. The intraperitoneal diffusion patterns of the various products were related to the molecular volume; C_max per dose decreased progressively (78.7, 51.2, 44.2, 33.5 1/1) and t_max increased (7, 15, 40, and 120 min) for Gd-DOTA, P760, P792 and P717, respectively. Nevertheless, the same quantities of Gd-DOTA and P760 (AUC ratio of 78.4 and 76.8, respectively) diffused into the peritoneum, whereas only 44.5% of P792 and 21.5% of P717 extravasated. The data obtained in this peritoneal permeability model with the various categories of contrast agents provide an estimation of the quantities of contrast agents diffusing into a permeable interstitium and may be used to predict the corresponding signal intensity, which can be measured locally.     

Acute effects of Aspergillus versicolor aerosols on murine airways

Mice were exposed to aerosols from Aspergillus versicolor extract by inhalation (for 15-20 min). Changes in respiratory function parameters were monitored during the exposure to evaluate acute effects on the upper and lower respiratory tracts and the conductive airways. The single inhalation exposure to A. versicolor aerosols at the range of 12-151 mg/m3 provoked upper respiratory tract irritation in the airways of mice. The higher the exposure concentration the higher was the increase in the sensory irritation (SI) response. No bronchoconstriction or pulmonary irritation was observed. The causative agents for the SI response in the fungal extract are not known.     

Long-term stability of cardiac function in normal and chronically failing mouse hearts in a vertical-bore MR system

We previously demonstrated stability of ventricular volumes and cardiac function in normal and in chronically failing mouse hearts in MR systems with a vertical-bore magnet for up to 1 h. However, in order to exploit the benefits of an increased magnetic field strength of these MR systems in more time-consuming studies required by, for example MR spectroscopy, we investigated whether cardiac function and ventricular volumes of healthy and infarcted mice would be affected in vertical position over a prolonged period. We applied high-resolution MR cine imaging on an 11.7 T vertical MR system to monitor cardiac functional parameters of normal and chronically failing mouse hearts over a period of 3 h in an upright position, with a temporal resolution of 15 min. We monitored left-ventricular volumes and cardiac functional parameters in both groups. In normal mice, we detected a decrease of left-ventricular end-systolic volumes by 8 l and an approximately 23% increase of ejection fraction over time indicating a small but detectable degree of orthostatic dysregulation. Observed changes were more pronounced in mice with heart failure. Despite significant changes in left-ventricular volumes and function, absolute values measured for all functional cardiac parameters are consistent with near-physiological conditions. Thus, mice can be studied in high-field MR systems positioned vertically for 3 h.     

慈菇对小鼠抗氧化和DNA修复能力作用的探讨

为进一步探讨慈菇的抗氧化及延缓衰老的保健功效,以１２０只昆明种小鼠为对象,给予喂饲慈菇汁,测定观察ＳＯＤ活性、ＭＤＡ和脂褐质含量,并采用＾３Ｈ－ＴＤＲ掺入法观察ＤＮＡ修复能力。结果表明,给予慈菇汁小鼠幼龄期肝、脑匀浆中ＳＯＤ活性增高,当饲养至１１０天时,对照组肝、脑匀浆中ＳＯＤ活必均有所降低,但慈菇与对照组相比差异明显高于幼龄期,介慈菇组较同龄对照组却明显为低（Ｐ〈０．０１）,中龄期离匀浆ＭＤＡ含     

桑椹果饮解酒作用的试验研究

研究桑椹果饮的解酒作用.小鼠分别于给酒前和给酒后,灌胃给予桑椹果饮,观察其对急性乙醇中毒小鼠的行为、生存情况及小鼠肝乙醇脱氢酶的影响.桑椹果饮预防给药可以降低小鼠的醉倒率、死亡率,并显著延长翻正反射消失潜伏时间(P＜0.05).醉酒小鼠给予桑椹果饮后,10 h内苏醒动物数量明显增多,死亡率明显下降.40 mL/kg的桑椹果饮还可显著增强肝组织乙醇脱氢酶活性(P＜0.05).因此,桑椹果饮具有一定的防醉解酒作用,该作用可能与其增强肝组织中乙醇脱氢酶的活性有关.