Nisin延长低脂再制干酪保质期的应用

Nisin已广泛应用于食品保质期的研究中,本试验研究在贮存过程中,Nisin对低脂再制干酪细菌、肠杆菌、霉菌和酵母菌的抑菌效果及pH的变化。在低脂再制干酪样品中,空白样品贮藏到5个月时,样品变质不可食用,添加0.2%、0.3%Nisin的样品到6个月时,细菌总数、肠杆菌、酪霉菌和酵母菌合格,而添加0.2%Nisin、0.3%Nisin抑菌效果差异不显著,因此添加0.2%Nisin为宜。随着贮藏期时间的增加,pH显著增加。     

不同防腐剂对橙汁保鲜效果的比较研究

探讨山梨酸钾和Nisin对橙汁的保鲜效果。试验结果表明：从感官评价和菌落总数来看,添加山梨酸钾和Nisin的样品对橙汁都有不同的保鲜效果,但Nisin对橙汁的保鲜效果优于山梨酸钾;且少量添加Nisin有助于维持橙汁中VC的含量,而山梨酸钾影响产品中VC的含量。     

Potential of a nisin-containing bacterial cellulose film to inhibit Listeria monocytogenes on processed meats

A bacterially produced cellulose film containing nisin was developed and used in a proof-of-concept study to control Listeria monocytogenes and total aerobic bacteria on the surface of vacuum-packaged frankfurters. Bacterial cellulose pellicles were produced by Gluconacetobacter xylinus K3 in Corn Steep Liquor-Mannitol Medium and were subsequently purified before nisin was incorporated into them. Investigations into the effect of nisin concentrations and contact times on incorporation of nisin into cellulose films showed that the lowest nisin concentration and shortest time needed for production of an effective antimicrobial cellulose film were 625IUml(-1) and 6h, respectively. The active cellulose films produced under these conditions did not, however, significantly reduce L. monocytogenes populations on frankfurters (P>0.05) during refrigerated storage for 14 days as compared to the controls. Films produced using a higher concentration of nisin (2500IUml(-1)) with the same exposure time (6h) resulted in a significant (P<0.05) decrease in L. monocytogenes counts on frankfurters of approximately 2logCFUg(-1) after 14 days of storage as compared to the control. Both the above-mentioned films showed a similar effectiveness in reducing total aerobic bacterial populations as measured by total aerobic plate counts on frankfurters. For both films, total aerobic bacterial levels were significantly (P>0.05) reduced by approximately 3.3logCFUg(-1) after 14 days of storage as compared to control samples. Bacterial cellulose films were demonstrated in this study to have potential applicability as antimicrobial packaging films or inserts for processed meat products.     

复合添加剂对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制效果研究

采用混料设计法对复合防腐剂对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用进行回归分析得出:乳酸链球菌素(Nisin),壳聚糖(chitosan),迷迭香提取物(rosemary extract)三种防腐剂两两之间都存在着显著的增效作用.同时得出三者的最佳配方为:Nisin的添加水平为0.015％、壳聚糖为0.055％、迷迭香提取物为0.0...     

解淀粉芽孢杆菌发酵液保鲜冷却猪肉的效果研究

实验研究了解淀粉芽孢杆菌发酵液对冷却肉的防腐保鲜效果,对冷却肉的微生物、感官品质和理化指标3个方面进行了检测.结果显示,解淀粉芽孢杆菌发酵液处理组可将冷却肉的保质期延长6d～9d,而且效果优于Nisin.解淀粉芽孢杆菌发酵液对冷却肉中主要污染菌-假单胞菌和潜在致病菌-单增李斯特菌有较好的抑制效果.解淀粉芽孢杆菌发酵液作为冷却肉的生物防腐剂,具有广阔的应用前景.     

Scope extension validation of a LC-MS method for the inspection of preservatives in butter

Butters are considered as “natural products” by many consumers, once they are obtained from milkfat without adding of any additive, except sodium chloride, starter cultures and natural dyes. The main goals of this study were to extend the scope of a previously developed method, including a new analyte (benzoic acid) and new matrices (butter and margarine), and thus evaluate the content of preservatives in national and imported butters traded in Brazil. Samples (n = 51) from inspected establishments in Argentina (n = 2), Brazil (n = 40), France (n = 7) and Uruguay (n = 2) were assessed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Two screening inspection rounds were carried out between November, 2015 and January, 2016. Non-compliance rates were 36.4% in 2015 and 22.2% in 2016 for Brazilian butters. It was shown that preservatives are irregularly added to butters by many factories, contrary to regulation, and without proper declaration on labeling. The limits of quantitation (LOQ) were set to 25.00 mg kg⁻¹ (benzoic acid), 1.25 mg kg⁻¹ (natamycin), 3.13 mg kg⁻¹ (nisin) and 2.50 mg kg⁻¹ (sorbic acid). Except nisin, any of the researched preservatives was detected in a total of 12 samples, in concentrations that ranged from <LOQ–235.67 mg kg⁻¹ (benzoic acid), 8.26–35.60 mg kg⁻¹ (natamycin) and 4.52–1007.17 mg kg⁻¹ (sorbic acid). The method was also checked on margarine samples, revealing concentrations that ranged from 43.72 to 359.17 mg kg⁻¹ (benzoic acid) and from 509.00 to 1102.67 mg kg⁻¹ (sorbic acid), respectively. Our findings demonstrate that there is a need for stricter control in butter processing, with the aim to ensure food safety and to safeguard consumers.     

天然保鲜剂的配比优化及其对牛肉保鲜效果的影响

牛肉贮藏期间易被微生物污染而发生腐败变质。为延长冷鲜牛肉的货架期,使用无毒、健康、安全的天然保鲜剂对牛肉进行保鲜的研究备受关注。本试验采用抑菌试验,以大肠杆菌与金黄色葡萄球菌的对象菌,以抑菌圈直径为检测指标,进行了茶多酚、乳酸链球菌素(Nisin)、壳聚糖三种天然保鲜剂抑菌的单因素试验,得出三种保鲜剂适合的抑菌浓度;采用正交试验优化了三种天然保鲜剂协同保鲜的配比。并以未经保鲜剂处理的冷藏牛肉为对照,进行了该天然保鲜剂对冷藏牛肉保鲜效果的研究。研究结果表明:三种天然保鲜剂协同抑菌的最适配比为:0.10%茶多酚+1.00%壳聚糖+0.08%Nisin,可将牛肉的货架期从5 d延长至11 d。本研究为冷鲜牛肉的保鲜开发出一种天然保鲜剂,对牛肉产业的发展提供一定的技术指导。     

高效液相色谱法检测食品中Nisin的方法研究

乳酸链球菌素(Nisin)是一种天然食品防腐剂。本文以乳制品、酱制品和熟肉制品共14种食品为研究对象,采用高效液相色谱仪(HPLC)定性定量评价其Nisin的回收率,优化提取溶剂、色谱条件,进而验证HPLC的精密度、稳定性、重复性和检出限。结果表明:当草莓味优酸乳、辣蒜酱和蜜汁鱼仔称样量为20 g时,提取溶剂为乙腈+稀盐酸,其中稀盐酸百分比分别为60%、40%和60%,经超声、水浴提取;在HPLC紫外检测波长220 nm下,梯度洗脱16 min,得到回收率分别为90.40%、93.51%和104.50%;RSD均小于1.6%;精密度高;稳定性好;重复性好;检出限分别为194 IU/mL、205 IU/mL和198 IU/mL。     

Nisin复合防腐剂对低温肉制品保鲜效果的研究进展

乳酸链球菌素(Nisin)复合防腐剂作为高效、安全的防腐剂,在低温肉制品的保鲜上具有良好的效果。本论文综述了近几年国内外Nisin复合防腐剂在低温肉制品保鲜效果中的研究进展以及对其发展前景的展望。     

Characterization of bacteriocins from two Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis isolates

In this study, bacteriocins from two Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis isolates from raw milk samples in Turkey designated OC1 and OC2, respectively, were characterized and identified. The activity spectra of the bacteriocins were determined by using different indicator bacteria including Listeria, Bacillus and Staphylococcus spp. Bacteriocins were tested for their sensitivity to different enzymes, heat treatments and pH values. Loss of bacteriocin activities after alpha-amylase treatment suggested that they form aggregates with carbohydrates. Molecular masses of the purified bacteriocins were determined by SDS-PAGE. PCR amplification was carried out with specific primers for the detection of their structural genes. As a result of these studies, the two bacteriocins were characterized as nisin and lacticin 481, respectively. Examination of plasmid contents of the isolates and the results of plasmid curing and conjugation experiments showed that in L. lactis subsp. lactis OC1 strain the 39.7-kb plasmid is responsible for nisin production, lactose fermentation and proteolytic activity, whereas the 16.0-kb plasmid is responsible for lacticin 481 production and lactose fermentation in L. lactis subsp. lactis OC2 strain.