世界铝工业的可持续发展

本文根据国际铝协的统计资料，分析了世界铝工业在土地恢复、能源消耗、水循环使用、含氟污染物排放、固体废物堆存方面的进展以及金属铝循环利用率的提高，说明了世界铝工业发展的可持续性。     

余热利用供热系统蒸汽负荷平衡调节方案选择

阐述了在余热利用区域的供热系统中 ,蒸汽负荷平衡调节的措施、特点及方案选择。通过工程方案选择的实例 ,指出调节好余热源设备生产出的蒸汽平衡 ,与余热利用同等重要。     

650轧机用重型减速机使用实践与分析

本文针对我厂650×3中型轧钢机用主减速机当前的工作条件和轧制负荷情况,该减速机的设计特点、传动布置力学原则、使用维护经验等几个方面进行系统分析,并结合其运动现状和工作情况趋向,以探讨该减速机良好的工作可靠性和长期使用寿命的成因。     

高铁三水铝石型铝土矿的烧结特性

以Al2O3含量为26.35%,总Fe含量为31.22%,铝硅比为3.17的某高铁三水铝石型铝土矿为原料,研究了碱度、焦粉用量、混合料水分等对烧结矿质量指标的影响。结果表明:烧结矿碱度增加时,其转鼓强度和成品率下降,烧结矿自粉化程度加重;焦粉用量增加时,烧结矿转鼓强度和成品率提高;当混合料水分为9.0%、焦粉用量为8.0%、烧结矿碱度为4时,烧结矿转鼓强度为69.1%,成品率为81.2%,垂直烧结速度为30 mm/min,利用系数为1.2 t/(h.m2);烧结矿碱度为4时,样品存放2天粉化率为5%,烧结矿平均粒度由22.2 mm减小到21.9 mm,延长存放时间,烧结矿自粉化率增大,平均粒度显著减小。该烧结矿的冶金性能能基本满足高炉冶炼的要求。     

A farm level approach to define successful mitigation strategies for GHG emissions from ruminant livestock systems

Ruminant livestock systems are a significant source of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Thus far, mitigation options for GHG emissions mainly focused on a single gas, and are treated as isolated activities. The present paper proposes a framework for a farm level approach for the full accounting of GHG emissions. The methodology accounts for the relevant direct and indirect emissions of methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide, including carbon sequestration. Furthermore, the potential trade-off with ammonia volatilisation and nitrate leaching are taken into account. A ruminant livestock farm is represented with a conceptual model consisting of five pools: animal, manure, soil, crop and feed. The carbon and nitrogen inputs, throughputs and outputs are described, and the direct emissions are related to the carbon and nitrogen flows. The indirect emissions included in the methodology are mainly carbon dioxide emissions from energy use and nitrous oxide emissions related to imported resources and nitrogen losses. The whole farm approach is illustrated with a case of two dairy farms with contrasting livestock density and grassland management. It is shown that the inclusion of carbon sequestration and all indirect emissions have a major impact on the GHG budget of the farm. For one farm, the effect of four mitigation options on the GHG emissions was quantified. It was concluded that a whole farm approach of full accounting contributes to a better insight in the interactions between the carbon and nitrogen flows and the resulting emissions, within and outside the farm boundaries. Consequently, the methodology can be used to develop efficient and effective mitigation strategies.     

肥料防结块缓释概况及性能快速表征方法探讨

介绍了颗粒肥料结块的原因机理、影响因素和传统的处理方法。简述了缓释肥料的特点、类型、加工方法以及国内外的研究发展状况。模拟肥料贮存、运输和施用环境以及设计装置，对颗粒肥料防结块、缓释性能快速表征方法进行了有益的探讨。对不同包膜尿素的测试结果表明，所设计的肥料养分释放模拟装置具有较好的应用前景。     

浅议我国钾肥工业的可持续发展

分析了我国可溶性钾盐资源短缺 ,钾肥工业发展速度缓慢 ,钾肥生产能力远远不能满足农业需求 ,国内庞大的钾肥市场长期依靠进口解决的现状 ,介绍了我国钾肥生产工艺技术、生产能力和消费情况。提出了加入WTO后 ,我国钾肥工业可持续发展的若干建议。     

STUDY ON PERMEATION OF ACETONE/NITROGEN MIXED GAS THROUGH AL2O3 MICROPOROUS MEMBRANES: MOLECULAR DYNAMICS

In this work, by applying Materials Studio 2.2 software package, molecular dynamics (MD) was performed to investigate the dynamic processes of 1:4 acetone/nitrogen mixed gas permeating through different Al₂O₃ microporous membranes. Three systems were modeled by considering different box lengths, microporous sizes, and textures of Al₂O₃ membranes to compare different permeation behaviors. In each system, initial mixed gas contained 20 acetone molecules and 80 nitrogen molecules, and its density was set to 0.1 g/cm³. Analysis on the concentration profiles of nitrogen molecules (N2) and acetone molecules (Ace) in each system at different sampling times was implemented to discuss the permeation behaviors of smaller N2 and larger Ace. The results showed that adsorption and diffusion occurred synchronously but adsorption was dominant for acetone molecules and that the adsorption on the floor surface of the feed gas region more easily reached equilibrium (local equilibrium) than the diffusion and the adsorption on the ceiling of the initially vacuum region. Furthermore, for nitrogen, adsorption followed diffusion. Higher temperature is in favor of the enrichment of acetone on the floor surface of the feed gas region but against the adsorption of nitrogen. The adsorptive layer was found to be a double-layer with COMPASS force field and to be a monolayer with PCFF force field.     

精炼岗位再生气回收工艺的改进

通过对再生气回收工艺的改进,提高稀氨水的浓度,便于碳化岗位吸收利用,降低二次净氨塔的压力,达到工艺指标。     

炼油与化工一体化 有效利用原油资源--从多种化学反应剖析多产石化产品途径

介绍了炼油过程中多产石油化工原料的有关工艺技术,从化学结构转化角度阐明了理论依据.由于原油特别是重油中丰富的烷基碳、环烷碳和芳碳资源均能通过一定途径转化为低碳烯碳以及芳碳,其潜在资源超过单纯依靠石脑油所能提供的数量,因而在经济合理和技术可行的原则下尽量提高其转化率成为当前炼油-化工一体化的研究热点.