振弦式力传感器一带二接线技术试验研究

大坝安全监测所用的振弦式测力监测仪器一般采用四芯屏蔽电缆实现信号输入和输出。”一带二”技术是在实际工作中根据施工现场的需要总结出来的一种应急补救措施。当振弦式仪器的信号电缆在埋设施工后,发生电缆故障时可以采取该技术措施来进行补救处理。试验结果表明监测信号完整且相互之间无干扰。     

小批量多元控制图建模方法研究

在分析研究现有小批量及多元控制图相关理论的基础上,基于Kalman滤波原理,提出一种综合解决小批量多元过程控制的建模方法。仿真实验及应用实例表明,该建模方法能够充分利用已经取得的数据,动态建立控制模型,从而解决小批量生产过程中建模数据不足的问题。     

软件维护实践中的过程控制

主要探讨的是,在永久项目组这种开发组织模式下,由软件的非直接开发人员承担软件维护工作时,需要进行的管理活动。目标是,找到方法,有效避免因这种情况下固有的缺陷而导致的软件加剧退化现象,还要避免由于软件本身缺陷对非直接开发人员的培养设置障碍。     

软件开发流程方法探析

首先对国内外软件开发理论的应用现状作了比较,然后重点分析软件系统开发流程,综合分析比较软件开发流程的各个阶段.     

一种基于AHP和FIS的WSN路由算法

无线传感器网络（WSN）由许多传感器节点组成,这些传感器节点为了降低能量消耗会周期性地在醒与睡2种模式下进行切换。在异步WSN中,发送节点往往要等接收节点醒来才能进行数据转发,为了缩短该等待时延,发送节点选择多个节点作为候选转发节点,由于任何候选转发节点都有可能进行数据路由,使得邻居节点评估和候选转发节点选择对网络性能产生较大影响。为了更好地进行节点评估与选择,提出一种基于层次分析法（AHP）和模糊推理系统（FIS）的WSN路由算法DAF。将剩余能量、距离和角度作为评估准则,利用AHP确定评估准则的权重,通过FIS动态构建AHP中的成对比较矩阵,并根据该矩阵动态计算出邻居节点的评分,按评分高低选择候选转发节点。实验结果表明,在改变节点数量、睡眠时长和通信半径的对比测试中,DAF在生命周期、能量消耗和平均冗余传输性能方面均优于ORW和ORR算法。     

Open Innovation and Team Leaders’ Innovation Traits

Open innovation has transformed internal novel resource allocation and facilitated diverse interorganizational cooperation models. Previous studies have investigated open innovation archetypes and their formation. However, most researchers have neglected the crucial role that team leaders play in integrating internal and external resources and connecting creative ideas in open innovation. This study investigated the influence of open innovation archetypes and team leaders’ innovation traits on team performance. On the basis of the literature review, the analytical hierarchy process was applied to construct a framework for assessing and selecting team leaders in open innovation. The analysis was completed based on samples from 45 valid respondents (88% return rate) in Taiwan’s high-tech industry. The study results suggested that innovation knowledge is the most crucial innovation criterion for a leader, particularly core knowledge and advanced knowledge. Among the various sub-criteria, extrinsic motivation was the second most important sub-criterion. Leaders with strong innovation motivations are suitable to lead inbound open innovation projects.     

基于BSC-AHP的绩效评估模型研究与实现

为了解决企业战略目标执行难的问题,提升绩效评估合理性。笔者在深入研究现存理论和方法的基础上,采用平衡记分卡理论从企业战略目标中提取关键评估指标,并提出了用分解矩阵的方法将评估指标分解到各评估对象。最后引用层次分析法确定各指标权重。建立了引导、鼓励员工工作向有利于企业战略的执行与控制的绩效评估指标体系和评价模型。开发的系统在某印刷企业得到应用并取得良好效果,有效证明了模型的可行性和科学性。     

SPI success factors within product usability evaluation

This article presents an experience report where we compare 8 years of experience of product related usability testing and evaluation with principles for software process improvement (SPI). In theory the product and the process views are often seen to be complementary, but studies of industry have demonstrated the opposite. Therefore, more empirical studies are needed to understand and improve the present situation. We find areas of close agreement as well as areas where our work illuminates new characteristics. It has been identified that successful SPI is dependent upon being successfully combined with a business orientation. Usability and business orientation also have strong connections although this has not been extensively addressed in SPI publications. Reasons for this could be that usability focuses on product metrics whilst today's SPI mainly focuses on process metrics. Also because today's SPI is dominated by striving towards a standardized, controllable, and predictable software engineering process; whilst successful usability efforts in organisations are more about creating a creative organisational culture advocating a useful product throughout the development and product life cycle. We provide a study and discussion that supports future development when combining usability and product focus with SPI, in particular if these efforts are related to usability process improvement efforts.     

Integration of product design,process planning,scheduling, and FMS control using XML data representation

An efficient model for communications between CAD, CAPP, and CAM applications in distributed manufacturing planning environment has been seen as key ingredient for CIM. Integration of design model with process and scheduling information in real-time is necessary in order to increase product quality, reduce the cost, and shorten the product manufacturing cycle. This paper describes an approach to integrate key product realization activities using neutral data representation. The representation is based on established standards for product data exchange and serves as a prototype implementation of these standards. The product and process models are based on object-oriented representation of geometry, features, and resulting manufacturing processes. Relationships between objects are explicitly represented in the model (for example, feature precedence relations, process sequences, etc.). The product model is developed using XML-based representation for product data required for process planning and the process model also uses XML representation of data required for scheduling and FMS control. The procedures for writing and parsing XML representations have been developed in object-oriented approach, in such a way that each object from object-oriented model is responsible for storing its own data into XML format. Similar approach is adopted for reading and parsing of the XML model. Parsing is performed by a stack of XML handlers, each corresponding to a particular object in XML hierarchical model. This approach allows for very flexible representation, in such a way that only a portion of the model (for example, only feature data, or only the part of process plan for a single machine) may be stored and successfully parsed into another application. This is very useful approach for direct distributed applications, in which data are passed in the form of XML streams to allow real-time on-line communication. The feasibility of the proposed model is verified in a couple of scenarios for distributed manufacturing planning that involves feature mapping from CAD file, process selection for several part designs integrated with scheduling and simulation of the FMS model using alternative routings.     

Integrated simulation framework for the process planning of ships and offshore structures

Recently, requests for accurate process planning using simulation have been increasing in many engineering fields, including the shipbuilding industry. To date, designers of shipyards have developed in-house simulation systems or used commercial systems such as the QUEST by Dassault system when requests for the simulation of process planning have occurred. However, these methods have some limitations. First, it requires a lot of time to develop a new in-house simulation system. In addition, it is hard to reuse previously developed systems when developing a new one and it is also hard for these to satisfy the various needs of shipyards effectively.