亚太地区玉米质量标准对比分析

通过对亚太地区部分经济体及国际食品法典委员会对玉米质量标准中的质量指标和部分重要安全指标进行对比分析,总结得出,各经济体玉米标准对质量要求的方向是相同的,设置的质量指标大同小异,主要是以容重、不完善粒、杂质、水分、色泽气味等指标进行质量分级,按玉米种皮颜色进行分类;在术语定义、检测仪器、检验方法、感官检验和质量要求等方面均存在不同,相同样品使用不同经济体的标准检测和判定时,质量等级和结果判定会存在差异;重要安全指标如真菌毒素、外来种子等差异较大,尤其是国际公认的外来有害种子。建议启动亚太地区玉米容重、杂质、不完善粒、水分等重要指标测定方法的研究,统一相关测定方法和仪器设备,制作感官检测指标的可视化参照系统;开展多层面检测技术人员研讨和交流,收集玉米样品检测数据,进一步分析不同经济体玉米标准的实际差异;增加国际同行沟通与协调,推动区域玉米质量标准协同一致,形成统一或相似贸易技术标准体系,提高效率,实现区域玉米贸易便利化和一体化。     

Effect of cinnamaldehyde on melanosis and spoilage of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) during storage

BACKGROUND: Shrimp is a very perishable product and postmortem changes occur rapidly. Sulfiting agents were once and are still widely used as a preservative in the shrimp industry. However, the application of sulfite in shrimp may pose a risk to human health. Thus development of a natural preservative as a sulfite alternative to extend the shelf life of Pacific white shrimp is urgently needed. RESULTS: The effects of cinnamaldehyde essential oil (1 and 5 g kg^?1) on the shelf life of Pacific white shrimp stored at 4 °C were investigated. As the concentration of cinnamaldehyde increased, residual polyphenoloxidase (PPO) enzyme activity decreased. Kinetic analysis showed that cinnamaldehyde was a noncompetitive inhibitor for the oxidation of L ‐DOPA (L ‐3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine) by PPO of Pacific white shrimp. Based on this study, shrimp treated with 5 g kg^?1 cinnamaldehyde possessed the lowest aerobic plate count, total volatile basic nitrogen, and pH values in all treatments after 10 days of storage. According to the results of L*, cinnamaldehyde showed inhibitory activity toward the formation of melanosis. CONCLUSION: Treatment with cinnamaldehyde could improve the sensory properties and extend the shelf life of Pacific white shrimp to 8 days. Therefore, cinnamaldehyde could be used as a promising natural preservative for inhibiting melanosis and preventing the growth of microbes during the chilled storage of Pacific white shrimp. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

A STUDY ON VARIABILITY OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE IN TROPICAL PACIFIC, INDIAN OCEAN AND RELATED AIR CIRCULATION

1 .　INTRODUCTIONOceanscover 71%oftheearth’ssurface ,ab sorb 70 %ofthesolarradiationenergy ,85 %ofwhichisstoredintheoceanicsurfacelayerasaheatsourcedrivingair seamotion ,andsuppy 86%ofthemoistureintheair .Thethermalanddy namicinertiamakestheoceanhavespecial“re membrance”and“low passfilter”roleforatmo sphericvariation .Therefore ,thevariabilityofoceanicthermalsituationandair seainteractionareoneoftheimportantfactorscausingtheshortrangeclimaticchanges[1] .Namias ( 195 9) putfor wardthe…     

Bifurcation of the North Equatorial Current derived from altimetry in the Pacific Ocean

1. INTRODUCTION In the western North Pacific, the North Equatorial Current (NEC) bifurcates into the northward flowing Kuroshio and the southward flowing Mindanao Current as it encounters the Philippine coast[1-3]. The bifurcation latitude has direct infl…     

亚太区域造纸木材原料市场概况

根据１９９４至１９９５年几次国际会议所讨论的内容，介绍了近年亚太区域造纸木材原料的供需状况。     

Protein Solubility in Pacific Whiting Affected by Proteolysis During Storage

The effects of post-harvest storage temperatures and times on proteolysis of Pacific whiting (Merluccius productus) and relationship to changes in protein solubility were evaluated. Myosin heavy chain (MHC) degraded rapidly during post-harvest storage at low temperatures (0-5°C). Greater degradation of MHC occurred at elevated temperatures. Actin degradation was similar to that of MHC but to a lesser degree. Both log-percent MHC and actin degradation were highly correlated (R² 5 0.88 and 0.74) to protein solubility. Degraded proteins were not completely removed by washing, resulting in a lower MHC content in washed mince.     

Electronic Commerce for the South Pacific: A Review of E-Readiness

The two most powerful forces affecting the world economy are the increasing rate of globalisation and advances in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The combined effect of these two forces could empower people by opening up the world's knowledge, or it could result in an increasingly divided society. For the developing countries of the South Pacific the challenge is to find a suitable niche in the global economy, ICT has the potential to be a significant enabler in creating this niche. This paper is an exploration of the opportunities made available by developments in the area of electronic commerce. How can the countries of the South Pacific best exploit these opportunities, and will they be able to benefit from leapfrogging to the latest available technology, missing out some expensive stages of infrastructure building?     

SEASONAL CIRCULATION IN THE NORTHWESTERN TROPICAL PACIFIC OCEAN DIAGNOSED WITH THE ASSIMILATION DATA FROM 1989 THROUGH 1997

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Evaluation of ground energy storage assisted electric vehicle DC fast charger for demand charge reduction and providing demand response

In 2012 there was approximately 2400 electric vehicle DC Fast Charging stations sold globally. According to Pike Research (Jerram and Gartner, 2012), it is anticipated that by 2020 there will be approximately 460,000 of them installed worldwide. A typical public DC fast charger delivers a maximum power output of 50 kW which allows a typical passenger vehicle to be 80% charged in 10–15 min, compared with 6–8 h for a 6.6 kW AC level 2 charging unit. While DC fast chargers offer users the convenience of being able to rapidly charge their vehicle, the unit's high power demand has the potential to put sudden strain on the electricity network, and incur significant demand charges.Depending on the utility rate structure, a DC fast charger can experience annual demand charges of several thousand dollars. Therefore in these cases there is an opportunity to mitigate or even avoid the demand charges incurred by coupling the unit with an appropriately sized energy storage system and coordinating the way in which it integrates. This paper explores the technical and economical suitability of coupling a ground energy storage system with a DC fast charge unit for mitigation or avoidance of demand charges and lessening the impact on the local electricity network. This paper also discusses the concept of having the system participate in demand response programs in order to provide grid support and to further improve the economic suitability of an energy storage system.     

Impacts of modernisation on traditional food resource management and food security on Eauripik atoll, Federated States of Micronesia

This paper discusses the changes that are occurring in the management of food resources in a remote Pacific community due to modernising influences, such as the introduction of imported food and outboard motors as well as contemporary trends, such as emigration and greater population mobility. The paper focuses on several social circumstances observed during a seven month fieldwork period, many of which drive consumption of imported goods. Noting parallels to other isolated communities in the region, generalised observations are made and conclusions reached on the importance of understanding the social effects of ‘modernising’ projects for community food security.