桦褐孔菌子实体与菌丝体三萜化合物提取及活性比较研究

为探索桦褐孔菌菌丝体与子实体在药用价值上是否存在差别,采用有机溶剂冷浸、超声回流法提取桦褐孔菌菌丝体及子实体的三萜化合物,通过薄层层析和红外光谱分析,确定两种来源的三萜化合物是相同或近似的同系物。四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT)和杯碟法测定两种来源三萜化合物对癌细胞和细菌的抑制作用,菌丝体三萜化合物对人胃癌细胞株MGC-803的最高抑制率可达到38.27%。结果证实人工培养的桦褐孔菌菌丝体同样具有子实体的药用价值,为人工培养桦褐孔菌菌丝体提供了依据。     

桦褐孔菌乙醇粗提物对朊病毒复制的抑制作用

优化桦褐孔菌乙醇粗提物提取工艺并初步探究其对朊病毒复制的影响。采用醇提方法,利用正交试验方法,确定最佳提取工艺。使用CCK-8试剂盒对桦褐孔菌乙醇粗提物处理细胞的安全性进行评价,确定其安全质量浓度;根据安全性评价结果,使用蛋白免疫印记（Western blot）方法检测桦褐孔菌乙醇粗提物对朊病毒复制的影响;通过测定过氧化氢及抗氧化因子等对桦褐孔菌乙醇粗提物的抗氧化活性进行研究。桦褐孔菌乙醇粗提物的最佳提取工艺为：料液比（桦褐孔菌生粉:乙醇）1:10（g/mL）,乙醇体积分数75%,提取时间2 h,提取温度80 ℃,在此条件下,得率为6.32%。桦褐孔菌乙醇粗提物的最大安全质量浓度为6.25×10-4 mg/mL;在此浓度下,处理细胞24 h后,桦褐孔菌乙醇粗提物对朊病毒的复制有抑制作用（p<0.01）,可减少H2O2的含量,增加SOD和抗氧化因子GCLM、GCLC的含量,且具有统计学意义。本试验表明桦褐孔菌乙醇粗提物对朊病毒的复制具有抑制作用,且这种作用可能与其抗氧化活性有关。     

桦褐孔菌多糖测定方法的比较

为选出一种比较准确、方便的测定真菌多糖的方法,以桦褐孔茵茵丝体发酵液提取的粗多糖为原料,对苯酚一硫酸法、蒽酮-比色法、斐林滴定法3种方法进行比较.3种方法比较而言,苯酚-硫酸法与蒽酮-比色法测得的糖含量相差甚微,分别为61.07%、62.25%.苯酚-硫酸法显色不稳定,蒽酮-比色法比较容易操作,测定的多糖含量和回收率均最高,回收率为125%;斐林滴定法回收率较低45%,测得的多糖含量偏低为33.12%,最终确定蒽酮-比色法为最佳测定方法.     

Effects of Ultrasonic Treatment on the Physicochemical Properties and DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity of Polysaccharides from Mushroom Inonotus obliquus

ABSTRACT: An ultrasonic technique was employed to extract polysaccharides from Inonotus obliquus (UPS). The effects of ultrasonic conditions on the recovery and 1, 1-diphenyl -2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of UPS were evaluated. The physicochemical properties of UPS were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-visible spectrophotometry. Molecular weights of UPS were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The optimal ultrasonic conditions to obtain the highest recovery of polysaccharides were 80 min, 75 °C, and 100 w. While the optimal ultrasonic conditions to obtain the strongest DPPH scavenging activity of polysaccharide were 80 min, 95 °C, and 160 w. The differences were found by DSC, SEM, GPC analysis and no apparent differences were found from the UV-vis spectra of the polysaccharides after the ultrasonic treatment, which indicated that ultrasonic treatment might cause the physicochemical changes in UPS conformation and degradation of UPS chain but not the main groups. Ultrasonic technique was an effective method to extract bioactive polysaccharides from I. obliquus (UPS). Practical Application: Polysaccharides from Inonotus obliquus exhibited many biological activities including antitumor, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, immune-stimulating effects, and so on. Ultrasonic treatment is now an usual proceeding technique for the extraction of some bioactive constituents. But there was no information about the effects of ultrasonic treatment on the physicochemical properties and DPPH radical scavenging activity of polysaccharides from I. obliquus until now. Ultrasonic technique was an effective method to extract bioactive polysaccharides from I. obliquus (UPS) according to this study.     

芳烃化合物生物活性及理化性质的定量构效关系

根据成键原子的结构特征定义其生物活性点价为gi，并由gi建构新的连接性指数^nT，其中1阶指数^1T与芳烃化合物对斜生栅列藻的急性毒性及8种理化性质均具有良好的相关性。     

Design of microalgal biomass production in a continuous photobioreactor: An integrated experimental and modeling approach

The industrial production of microalgae in continuous photobioreactors (PBRs) was investigated using an integrated experimental-modeling approach.     

桦褐孔菌多酚抑菌活性分析研究

为减少辅料糠壳给酒体带来的邪杂味，研究箭竹作为辅料酿造小曲酒的工艺。分别考察箭竹的粉碎大小、加量、小曲种类、入窖温度对箭竹小曲酒的影响。结果表明，约7.0 mm长、3.0 mm宽的箭竹适合作小曲固态酿酒辅料，箭竹使用前清蒸1 h，加量为7%，选用泸州某小曲，入窖温度为24 ℃。通过理化分析及感官评定表明在该优化条件下，出酒率为47%以上，总酸含量为685.3 mg/L，总酯含量为1 071.5 mg/L，达到优级白酒标准；小曲酒酒体清香纯正，柔和谐调、醇甜爽净，除具有乙酸乙酯为主体的复合香气外，还带有箭竹独有的清香味。     

桦褐孔菌功能特性的研究进展

介绍了桦褐孔菌（1nonotus obliquus）在抗癌、预防艾滋病、治疗糖尿病、抗衰老、增强免疫力等方面的研究现状，并对它今后的研究发展方向进行了展望。