麻棉交织布染色工艺

采取各种改进的工艺措施，以保持麻棉交织物的风格。包括保证布面的清洁度，提高染色深度和色泽鲜艳度，避免生产过程中造成折伤以及改善手感、增强弹力等方面。     

A molecular dynamics study of siloxane diffusion in a polyester-melamine solution

This study examines the diffusion of small methylated and hydroxylated siloxanes through solutions of polymer and crosslinker molecules. The diffusivity of the siloxanes was calculated for bulk diffusion and for surface segregation. Our simulations demonstrate that there is significant interaction between 3,3-dimethylhexahydroxytrisiloxane (hexa-OH-TS) and the polar solvent components of the paint matrix at 298 K. The nature of these associations is largely due to hydrogen bonding between the siloxane and the polar solvent molecules. At 573 K the diffusivity of solvent molecules is sufficiently high to disrupt interactions. The smaller number of hydroxyl groups in 1,5-dihydroxyhexamethyltrisiloxane (hexa-Me-TS) results in a weaker interaction with the polar solvent. Surface segregation studies indicate that there is a slight increase in the concentration of hexa-OH-TS in the surface layer of the system as a result of curing and relaxation processes. However, for hexa-Me-TS there is in fact a decrease in the surface concentration of the siloxane relative to the bulk concentration.     

蛋白质纤维分散染料助剂增溶染色研究

工艺参数对羊毛分散染料助剂增溶染色性能的影响作了研究。所推荐的最佳工艺适用于多数分散染料对羊毛、蚕丝的染色,匀染性及色泽俱佳,织物的皂洗及干湿摩擦牢度分别在2～5级和3～5级,这种分散染料染蛋白质纤维的新方法值得进一步研究。     

纤维素纤维改性剂CM的合成及应用性能研究

纤维素纤维改性剂ＣＭ系由叔胺与环氧氯丙烷合成，本文对纤维素纤维改性剂ＣＭ的合成及其应用性能进行了研究，得到了最佳轧烘焙改性工艺及活性染料染色工艺。改性纤维用活性染料染色，提高了活性染料的上梁率及固色效率，节约了染料，染色织物各项牢度优良。用测定纤维上含氮量和染色后Ｋ／Ｓ值来反映苎麻的改性程度和纤维改性剂ＣＭ在碱性介质中的水解程度。改性织物含氮量和染色后Ｋ／Ｓ值之间存在线性关系，纤维改性剂在较高温度     

用织纤布吸附快速测定钍废水中的α放射性

本文介绍一种快速监测钍废水中放射性核素浓度的方法。该法简单,其具体步骤是将一定大小的织纤布浸泡于废水中,搅动一定时间后取出,冲洗并烘干,即可直接测量。在一小时或更短的时间内便可得到结果。实验发现4号布对钍系有选择性吸附的能力。当废水中所含放射性核素以钍系为主时,所得实验结果与放化分析结果相差大约为10%,对含有少量铀的钍废水监测下限为10~(-11)居里/升。     

酸性蛋白酶在羊毛染色前处理中的应用

羊毛纤维及羊毛织物通过酸性蛋白酶处理，可获得减量率为1％－2％，且纤维强度并未显著下降的最佳工艺条件。从扫描电镜照片发现，经处理的羊毛纤维表面磷片明显受到破坏，棱角变得圆滑。处理后羊毛织物的上染率和上染速率都有所提高。     

PETFAB: user-considerate FORTRAN 77 program for the generation and statistical evaluation of fabric diagrams

PETFAB is an easy-to-use FORTRAN 77 program which provides a comprehensive structural geologic fabric analysis package for use by geologists and students with little or no computer experience. User-selected options include a plot of data points on an equal-area stereonet, determination of data distribution and preferred orientation, calculation of statistical significance of fit, and contour diagrams using both fixed and variable counting areas. Creation of data files is simplified by use of an interactive utility loading program, LOADFAB. Output is generated on a lineprinter and optionally on a CALCOMP plotter.     

天然植物染料西红花对真丝织物染色

对西红花色素的稳定性,以及西红花色素对真丝织物染色性能进行了分析、探讨,分别通过单因素实验和正交实验确定了直接染色和预媒染染色的工艺方案。实验结果表明,西红花色素对酸性环境和常见金属离子有较好的稳定性,对真丝织物染色具有较好的上染性能。     

Comparison of Glass Vessels and Plastic Bags for Enclosing Living Plant Parts for Headspace Analysis

Plants release volatile chemicals into their surrounding air space that can affect the physiology of neighboring plants and influence the behavior of insects. In studying these interactions, it is desirable to collect volatiles from plants that have not been excised and are growing under as natural conditions as possible. We compared a vessel of borosilicate glass and Nylon-6 or polyester [poly(ethyleneterephthalate) or PET] cooking bags for enclosing plants during collection of volatiles. A push–pull airflow system was used, and volatiles were trapped on Tenax TA and analyzed by gas chromatography after thermal desorption. Low levels of impurities were found for the glass vessel and polyester bags. Nylon bags contained higher levels and more impurities. Recoveries of standards of 10 plant volatiles were measured in static and dynamic systems. In a static air system, there was good recovery only from the glass vessel. In a dynamic system, there was generally good recovery from both the glass vessel and polyester bags. Recoveries of α-pinene and (Z)-jasmone were poor throughout. The former was shown to have a very low breakthrough volume on the Tenax TA adsorbent, and the latter may be strongly adsorbed on glass. All three materials were essentially transparent in the IR and visible (photosynthetic) range but with significantly different absorptions in the UV range. In a simulated dynamic entrainment in full sunlight, internal vessel temperatures were higher than ambient by up to 9.5°C in the glass vessel and 7.5°C in the polyester bag. Lower increases in temperature relative to ambient (<1°C) were recorded when entrainments were conducted in the shade. In a field trial, the profiles of volatiles collected from an apple tree infested with rosy apple aphid using a glass vessel and a polyester bag were similar. Polyester bags are recommended as more convenient than glass vessels for the enclosure of plants during the collection of volatiles.     

印染污水三级处理及回用技术

介绍了污水处理后出水与河水混合，经过处理达到印染生产用水要求，应用硅藻土过滤技术替代活性碳过滤，提高水质，降低水的浊度及ＣＯＤｃｒ。