Cryo preparation of isolated rabbit pancreatic islets

A Flotronic silver membrane has been used as a vehicle to process, via freeze substitution, collagenase-derived rabbit pancreatic islets. The procedure provides: (1) a simple, inexpensive method for handling larger numbers of tightly clustered islet aggregates; (2) a metal surface for rapid heat transfer from specimen to cryogen resulting in an increased circumferential zone of fine structural preservation; (3) the elimination of possible artifacts associated with impact or rotation of biological specimens against a cooled, highly polished metal block; (4) superior preservation of structural components not usually observed by conventional modes of fixation; (5) retention of metabolic components which may subsequently be available for immunocytochemical or X-ray energy dispersive procedures.     

日本历史环境保护的理论与实践——法律、政策与公众参与

历史环境是指与一定范围的土地密切相关的历史文化遗产构成一体的实体环境状态，它与居民的精神生活息息相关，1966年日本制定了《古都保存法》来保护古都的“历史风上”，1975年修订了《文化财保护法》，创立了“传统建造物群保存地区”制度，对一般城镇内的历史街区以及以村落聚落景观为代表的历史环境进行切实保护与合理再利用。70年代又对全国综合开发规划中的国土政策进行了重大调整，在这人转变过程中，历史保护运动中的公众参与和地方自治体条例起了积极的推动作用。     

Horizontal Support of Historic Roof Structures: Design and Structural Efficiency

In historic buildings, a variety of different types of timber roof structures reflecting different building traditions and different ideals for the inner space are found. In Sweden, damage to historic roof structures due to a lack of support for horizontal thrust is common. Knowledge of the relation between structurally efficient horizontal support and the extension of a structure in space is essential for obtaining an adequate understanding of the development of building techniques and for making sound decisions concerning restoration. An approach that involves a classification of horizontal supporting structures, together with a mechanical model that defines and distinguishes between inner and outer support, is introduced, with the aim of offering a tool for comparison of different roof-truss designs with focus on the occupation in space. Comparison of the efficiency of different designs is carried out by comparing horizontal stiffness. Eleven different designs divided into four spatial groups have been analyzed.     

基于城市历史景观（HUL）的高校历史校园景观风貌保护更新

历史校园景观风貌是由建（构）筑 物、景观环境、空间格局等有形的物质形态 与校园历史、传统、活动等无形的人文特征 组成,具有历史记录、科学艺术、情感记忆、 场所精神等价值。根据在历史校园景观风 貌遗存的组成中,各历史时期的校园景观风 貌遗存所占比重的相互关系,可将历史校园 归纳为“单一风貌主导型”和“多时期风貌 杂糅型”两类。此外,还有一些历史校园仅 遗留下了个别单体遗存,遗存间的时空联系 性较弱,本文将其归纳为“散点遗存型”。历 史校园从属于文化景观遗产范畴。城市历史 景观（HUL）是文化景观遗产保护的景观方 法,运用HUL的理论及方法,对历史校园景 观风貌进行保护更新研究,在校园动态发展 的前提下,针对不同类型的历史校园,提出保 护方法及更新策略,实现历史校园景观风貌 更好的保护和延续。     

液体发酵果胶酶的防腐保藏技术

对液体果胶酶进行防腐保藏的研究,得到最优防腐剂组分为:山梨酸钾1.0g/l、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯0.1g/l、NaCL0.2g/l。在此条件下,酶液室温保存90天酶活保存率为81.5%,冷藏(5-10)保存90天酶活保存率为89.4%,整个保藏过程中pH值无明显变化。此外,添加定量稳定剂及浓缩酶液能大大提高防腐保藏效果。     

双孢菇保鲜研究

阐述了一种实用的双孢菇保鲜方法。采用１２ｈ喷洒植物生长延缓剂矮壮素，在低温下，ＭＡ条件下贮藏保鲜双孢菇。经测定理化指标、呼吸强度、可溶性蛋白，总酚量，多酚氧化酶、气体成分，证明ＣＣＣ前处理对采用双孢菇生长发育有一定的延缓作用，是一种双孢菇保鲜实用方法。     

λCalculi with Explicit Substitutions Preserving Strong Normalization

This paper studies preservation of β-strong normalization by two different confluent λ-calculi with explicit substitutions defined in [96]; the particularity of these calculi, called λ _d and λ _dn respectively, is that both have a (weak) composition operator for substitutions. We apply an abstract simulation technique to reduce preservation of β-strong normalization of λ _d and λ _dn to that of another calculus, called λ _f having no composition operator. Then, preservation of β-strong normalization of λ _f is shown using the same technique as in [2]. As a consequence, λ _d and λ _dn become the first λ-calculi with explicit substitutions having (weak) composition and preserving β-strong normalization. As an aside, we also show how to apply our technique to reduce preservation of β-strong normalization of the calculus λ _v in [20] to that of λ _f . Received: August 19, 1997; revised version: November 13, 1998     

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首次在南昌凹陷钻探的鄱参1井揭露了上三叠统安源组烃源岩，否定了该区没有晚三叠世沉积的传统认识，预示了南昌凹陷存在上三叠统的勘探新领域。通过对鄱参1井区地质结构的分析和综合研究，提出南昌凹陷是从晚三叠世以来受层滑倾滑构造控制的一个独立层块构造单元，构造较周边简单。上三叠统烃源岩具有多种母质类型和晚期生烃能力，和上覆白垩系共同构成重建型油气保存单元，有进一步勘探的价值，并以位于层块构造中带南部地区油气地质条件最有利。     

沁水盆地盖层对煤层气富集的影响

从煤层气藏封盖机理探讨开始，分析了沁水盆地以及其他含煤盆地煤层气富集与盖层的关系。研究认为，实际上盖层对煤层气的保存同样重要，煤层气藏对盖层封盖性的要求就是要使煤层能够达到最佳的吸附量或含气量。研究结果：①良好的盖层条件可以减缓煤层气的散失，同时可间接抑制煤层气的解吸； ②具有封盖性好的上覆盖层（顶板）和下伏隔层（底板）的煤层有利于煤层气的富集；③煤层埋藏太浅，盖层封盖条件变差，不利于成藏；④埋深适中，具有稳定分布、封盖性好顶底板的煤层有利成藏。沁水盆地盖层与含气量的关系说明，盖层厚度大、泥质含量高、高突破压力和一定的埋深对煤层气的保存是有利的。     

当代语境下传统聚落的嬗变——德中两处世界遗产聚落旅游转型的比较研究

本文通过对德中两处世界遗产聚落——吕德斯海姆和宏村的比较研究,描述了传统聚落经历旅游产业化转型、从而引发相应社会空间变革的特殊状态。文章指出了影响传统聚落旅游转型的引力要素,并分析比较了两处案例旅游转型的过程,最后探讨了旅游转型过程中有待解决的问题。