The taxation effect on gasoline price asymmetry nexus: Evidence from both sides of the Atlantic

This paper explores the degree of competition in various gasoline markets and infers possible causes of price asymmetry across the globe. For this purpose we use the Dynamic Ordinary Least Square method in order to estimate price asymmetry in twelve European countries and the United States for a sample of weekly observations which spans the period from June 1996 to August 2011. The results indicate the common perception that less competitive gasoline markets exhibit price asymmetry, while highly competitive gasoline markets follow a symmetric price adjustment path. Finally, the inclusion of taxes (VAT and excise tax) into retail gasoline prices, supports the existence of price asymmetry in many European countries.     

Credit Constraints and Price Expectations of Homeowners

This paper examines the effect of credit constraints on the sale price expectations of homeowners. We extend the results of Genesove and Mayer (1997) by using a sample of mover and non-mover families living in the Netherlands—a country without formal down-payment requirements. We find that homeowners who are more credit constrained expect to sell their house for a higher price. Homeowners already seem to compensate for credit constraints at the very first stages of the transaction process. These results imply that the findings of Genesove and Mayer (1997) are much more generally applicable than previously considered.     

Generation bidding strategy in a pool based electricity market using Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm

In an electricity market generation companies need suitable bidding models to maximize their profits. Therefore, each supplier will bid strategically for choosing the bidding coefficients to counter the competitors bidding strategy. In this paper optimal bidding strategy problem is solved using a novel algorithm based on Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm (SFLA). It is memetic meta-heuristic that is designed to seek a global optimal solution by performing a heuristic search. It combines the benefits of the Genetic-based Memetic Algorithm (MA) and the social behavior-based Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Due to this it has better precise search which avoids premature convergence and selection of operators. Therefore, the proposed method overcomes the short comings of selection of operators and premature convergence of Genetic Algorithm (GA) and PSO method. Important merit of the proposed SFALA is that faster convergence. The proposed method is numerically verified through computer simulations on IEEE 30-bus system consist of 6 suppliers and practical 75-bus Indian system consist of 15 suppliers. The result shows that SFLA takes less computational time and producing higher profits compared to Fuzzy Adaptive PSO (FAPSO), PSO and GA.     

一种改进的最优化流控模型

在前人提出的最优化流控模型的基础上,采用非线性优化理论中的DFP算法计算链路价格,提出了一种改进的最优化流控模型。     

基于MAPGIS的城市地价动态监测管理系统的实现

现阶段地价动态监测工作基本依赖手工进行,仅仅停留在对监测数据的计算上,没有考虑利用GIS技术,工作周期长,严重影响着地价监测工作的科学性和高效率.本文设计开发一个基于GIS的城市地价动态监测信息系统,旨在实现对地价数据的有效管理和充分利用,提高地价监测和更新工作准确性、科学性和实时性,还分析了各个功能的设计与实现,例如工程管理功能、地价监测功能、地价分析与预警功能等.     

基于组件技术的宗地估价Office GIS的设计与实现

从宗地估价信息系统建立的必要性出发,探讨了宗地估价Office GIS的设计方案。系统可按宗地估价业务流程自动完成资料输入、估价计算、估价文档生成以及宗地图形和属性数据互查、统计和分析功能。     

支持向量回归机在物价预测上的应用

把时间序列SVM预测模型应用于物价指数的预测,采用逐步递归的方法进行,同时注意尽量减少训练样本的浪费和充分挖掘SVM模型适合短期预测的潜力.分析结果表明,无论是拟合情况,还是预测值的检验和物价指数的实际规律来看,都有很高的精度,可以作为物价指数预测的一种行之有效的方法.     

一种扩展了价格信息的Petri网

提出一种扩展了价格信息的Petri网——价格Petri网，讨论了相应的分析方法和应用前景。主要工作是：为Petri网的变迁引入价格参数，并用价格变迁系统给出价格Petri网的语义；对价格Petri网进行了可达性分析并讨论了最小成本可达问题的可判定性；最后用价格Petri网建立一个业务流程的成本模型。结论是：为Petri网扩展价     

对当前美国无缝钢管OCTG市场价格的剖析

随着国际原油价格的不断上涨,美国加大了本土原油的开采力度,引发了对无缝钢管OCTG的需求变化。无缝钢管OCTG的价格随着原油价格的起伏波动,2004～2006年美国OCTG价格持续走高。运用统计学原理分析可知近年来美国无缝钢管OGTC价格2、3季度较高,4季度价格最低。随着中国出口到美国无缝钢管OCTG数量的不断增长且价格偏低,有可能引发美国提起反倾销诉讼,这应当引起国内同行的注意。     

Recombinant Landscapes in the American City

How are urban actors, such as landscape designers, community groups, developers and local politicians, actively restructuring their environments to meet the challenges of the American city in the new global context? Grahame Shane outlines the approaches to landscape that have been emerging since the mid-20th century and are set to recombine urban assemblages whether they are located in historic city centres, postindustrial waterfronts or suburban sprawl. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.