全球移动蜂窝通信的革命

近年来，移动蜂窝通信的发展速度可谓骇世惊人。１９９０年，移动用户有１１００万，到１９９８年底达到了３亿多个。据预测，在今后１０年中移动蜂窝用户数将超过固定电话。本文研究了全球移动蜂窝通信的发展状况，就技术革命、服务提供、管制、接入、价格以及发展前途等方面进行了详细的论述。     

Technology life cycle and commercialization readiness of hydrogen production technology using patent analysis

Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier with the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and provide a stable energy supply; however, economic feasibility and supply stability limit its use. Hydrogen production technology (HPT) may be the key to overcoming these. Here, we explore HPT life cycle and strength characteristics to assess commercialization readiness using diverse analyses such as patents. Our findings show that HPT has matured and strengthened its competitiveness. However—despite the maturity—many challenges are required for commercialization success: the factor that might bridge this gap is securing price competitiveness. This study highlights the technological competitiveness of electrolysis has overtaken that of reforming and gasification. However, electrolysis has yet to achieve successful commercialization since it does not have appropriate price competitiveness. Therefore we argue for the immediate need to develop various technological methods—such as improved systems with cost-effective electrocatalysts—should be met for large-scale electrolysis commercialization.     

The Deep Structure of the Picturesque

The late Paul Coates was one of the first students at the Architectural Association (AA) in London to submit an international computation-based diploma, in 1969. Responsible for introducing a series of computational techniques, Coates was also the founder of the MSc in Computing and Design at the University of East London, and in 2002 the Centre for Evolutionary Computing in Architecture (CECA). In this unpublished article from 2008, which has been prepared and rewritten for publication by Christian Derix , Coates recounts his pursuit of ‘the particle physics of architecture’ - geometric rules that inform both unplanned and planned human occupation of space.     

煤炭市场与国际市场接轨的分析

论述了随着我国成为世界贸易组织正式成员，煤炭市场与国际接轨的现实性已经形成。首先是煤炭体系的接轨，其次是市场经济理念方式的接轨，还要实现煤炭价格与国际市场价格的接轨和贸易方式的接轨。     

关于矿业权市场和矿业权评估中几个问题的探讨

针对我国现阶段矿业权市场存在的问题，提出了要加强对矿产资源有偿使用的认识，加强矿产资源保护和开发利用的规划，建议尽快废除矿业权出让的双轨制，建立公开、公正、公平的矿业权市场；结合具体事例，针对矿业权评估中的生产规模和服务年限对采矿权价款的影响、矿业权出让中政策倾斜等有关问题进行了探讨。     

An Empirical Analysis of the Price Discovery Function of Shanghai Fuel Oil Futures Market

This paper analyzes the role of price discovery of Shanghai fuel oil futures market by using methods, such as unit root test, co-integration test, error correction model, Granger causality test, impulse-response function and variance decomposition. The results showed that there exists a strong relationship between the spot price of Huangpu fuel oil spot market and the futures price of Shanghai fuel oil futures market. In addition, the Shanghai fuel oil futures market exhibits a highly effective price discovery function.     

Challenges of recycled water pricing

Recycled water has posed new challenges for conventional water supply and wastewater provision models, as it interconnects different related services. The reclaimed water sector faces the arduous task of setting specific pricing policies since rules for potable water and wastewater charges may not be appropriate for it. This article addresses a review of current challenges in pricing policies for recycled water based on case studies available worldwide, highlighting the most common tariff structures in use and the principles applied, providing a guideline for recycled water pricing based on the barriers, drivers, and practices found around the global experiences and academic literature. The results show that different tariff structures are adopted based on local socioeconomic factors and water authorities’ objectives. We conclude that the local environmental conditions, the institutional arrangement, technical and economic specificities are influence factors that decision-makers should consider when setting recycled water charges.     

伪造对优先级定价的影响

在提供区分服务的定价方法中,Peter Marbach的静态定价方法在用户进入市场后,ISP无法影响用户的服务选择来增加自己的效用。如果ISP采取伪造用户的方法,来影响用户的服务选择:传输数据的大小和所使用的优先级组合,从而增加自己的效用。利用模拟方法对这种影响进行了分析,同时,ISP的伪造行为受用户的愿付成本、在用户使用更高的优先级传输数据时是否跟进伪造、不同优先级之间的价格比等因素的影响。     

Finite horizon EOQ model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items with price and advertisement dependent demand and partial backlogging under inflation

This paper deals with an economic order quantity (EOQ) model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items with price and advertisement dependent demand pattern under the effect of inflation and time value of money over a finite planning horizon. In this model, shortages are allowed and partially backlogged. The backlogging rate is dependent on the waiting time for the next replenishment. This paper aids the retailer in minimising the total inventory cost by finding the optimal interval and the optimal order quantity. An algorithm is designed to find the optimum solution of the proposed model. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the results. Also, the effect of changes in the different parameters on the optimal total cost is graphically presented and the implications are discussed in detail.     

单片机语音合成输出在计价秤中的应用

本文介绍的单片机语音合成输出系统是一个通用型系统。它的应用使得电子计价秤具有更完善、更先进的输出功能。