UG NX软件在太原重工的客户化

根据太原重工的设计习惯对NX软件的功能做了必要的补充开发,同时对软件的模板、设置等做了统一的定制,更新扩充了常用的特征库、重用件库（含液压、电气）、符号等库,编制符合太原重工标准的软件使用规范,为太重机械、液压、电气等部门建立协同设计的平台。     

浅谈文物古建筑保护理论的中国特色——分析《中国文物保护准则》

本文通过详细分析《中国文物保护准则》和对我国文物古建筑保护理论起着一定作用的国内外文件,在找到它们之间的分歧及关联点的基础上,探讨有关文物古建筑中国特色的问题,并提出两点建议：一是强调文物古建筑的真实性和完整性并重：二是中国特色文物古建筑的保护理论应建立在对中国文化深入理解的层面上。     

湛江市体育代表队备战12届省运会期间营养调控的研究

目的:了解湛江市体校运动员备战12届省运动会前的膳食营养状况,通过营养调控促进运动员机体健康、提高运动员运动能力。方法:采用称重法、食谱分析法研究12名重点队员膳食营养状况,并通过个性化营养补充对运动员进行营养调控。结果:运动员在营养干预前碳水化合物、总热量的摄入量均低于推荐值,脂肪摄入量高于推荐值;早餐摄入能量偏低,晚餐摄入偏高;膳食维生素A、B1、B2的摄入量和钾、镁、铁的摄入量明显低于推荐值。营养干预后碳水化合物、蛋白质、总热量摄入量和早、中、晚三餐供能比接近推荐范围;维生素A、B1、B2、C、E的摄入量和钾、镁、铁的摄入量均接近推荐值。营养干预后运动员平均瘦体重增加4.93%(p0.05),体脂减低了7.63%(p0.05)。在营养调控期间运动员后半阶段平均血色素浓度比前半阶段增加了4.3%(p0.05),而血尿素水平基本维持在正常范围之内波动。结论:通过对运动员训练过程的生化监控,在干预运动员膳食营养的基础上进行个性化营养调控,可使其血色素维持理想水平,提高其竞技能力。     

Sustainable regulatory systems: laws, resources, and values

Regulators frequently face difficult economic trade-offs in their decision-making. They must know how to assess the effects of policies on stakeholders under conditions of imperfect information. Part of the art of regulation revolves around understanding the linkages between choice of market structure, design of regulatory rules, and institutional requirements. In addition, different aspects of sector performance will be prioritized depending on the nation's level of development. Three factors determine the effectiveness of independent regulatory commissions during periods of change.

1. Resources available to the organization are generally determined by the legal instrument that brought the agency into existence. Budgets require funding mechanisms and procedures promoting accountability. Resource levels and resource mix (such as the percentage of highly motivated professionals) determine the range of activities suitable for the organization.

2. The legal mandate is interpreted by the courts. Since the law itself is often the product of political compromise, initial legislation may be inadequate for the effective performance of agency duties. Agency initiatives can precede formal legislative revisions, but these are likely to be challenged by some stakeholders.

3. The values or principles supporting the agency are derived from the national culture and a shared political vision. At the birth of the agency, leaders and key professional staff may not have reached consensus regarding priorities. Agreement on fundamental principles is essential if the agency is to develop a consistent set of policies.

Microbiological contamination of pig and cattle carcasses in different small-scale Swiss abattoirs

A total of 750 pig carcasses and 535 cattle carcasses from 17 small-scale abattoirs were sampled by excision at four sites (pig: neck, belly, back, ham; cattle: neck, brisket, flank, rump). Samples were examined for total viable counts (TVC) and Enterobacteriaceae. Mean TVCs ranged from 2.4 to 4.2 log(10)CFUcm(-2) on pig carcasses and from 2.7 to 3.8 log(10)CFUcm(-2) on cattle carcasses. With regard to EU Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005, TVCs were mainly considered satisfactory (pig: 81.3%; cattle: 71.4%). Amongst sites, the back (pigs) and neck (cattle) tended to yield higher TVCs. Enterobacteriaceae were detected in low counts on 23.9% of pig carcasses and 21.7% of cattle carcasses. Amongst abattoirs, Enterobacteriaceae prevalence on pig and cattle carcasses ranged from 2.0% to 56.0% and from 0.0% to 55.0%, respectively. Consequently, criteria of the EU Regulation proved to be a suitable tool for the appraisal of microbiological results (TVCs) from pig and cattle carcasses from small-scale abattoirs. Because the occurrence of Enterobacteriaceae on carcasses was too infrequent to ensure log normality, frequencies should be compared for these organisms.     

顺应改革趋势,促进公平开放——新版《油气管网设施公平开放监管办法》解读

2019年5月24日,国家四部委(国家发展和改革委员会、国家能源局、住房和城乡建设部、国家市场监督管理总局)联合印发了《油气管网设施公平开放监管办法》(以下简称新版《办法》),以进一步改革机制、强化监管,更大力度地推动油气管网设施公平开放,更好地营造公平开放的制度环境。为此,在分析我国油气管网设施公平开放现状及存在的主要问题的基础上,对新版《办法》进行了详细梳理和解读,认为其内容亮点主要表现在以下7个方面:①强调非歧视性原则,保障开放服务的公平公正;②调整监管范围,政策制定更具针对性;③鼓励基础设施建设和互联互通,夯实公平开放基础;④大力推进信息公开,提高公平开放的科学性、规范性和透明度;⑤规范申请要求,优化受理流程,建立基于服务合同的约束机制;⑥推行天然气能量计量计价,以更好适应国际管输和贸易规则;⑦提出管输服务多样化和平衡机制等新举措,引导公平开放市场化方向发展。最后,就新版《办法》落地后需要完善的工作提出了建议:①夯实法律法规基础,制定完善相关配套细则;②提升监管效能,保证政策落地执行;③积极应对油气管网运营机制改革,做好对国家管网公司的监管工作。     

Analysis based on EU Regulation No 517/2014 of new HFC/HFO mixtures as alternatives of high GWP refrigerants in refrigeration and HVAC systems

The EU Regulation No 517/2014 is going to phase-out most of the refrigerants commonly used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems (R134a, R404A and R410A) because of their extended use and their high GWP values. There are very different options to replace them; however, no refrigerant has yet imposed. In this paper we review and analyze the different mixtures proposed by the AHRI as alternative refrigerants to those employed currently. These mixtures are composed by HFC refrigerants: R32, R125, R152a and R134a; and HFO refrigerants: R1234yf and R1234ze(E). It is concluded, from the theoretical analysis, that most of the new HFO/HFC mixtures perform under the HFC analyzed (although some experimental studies show the contrary) and, in most cases, do not meet the GWP restrictions approved by the European normative. Furthermore, some of the mixtures proposed would have problems due to their flammability.     

Phase-change regulation criterion based on size-dependent lattice distortion rate and born theory for VO2 nanomaterials

Vanadium dioxide (VO₂) is a promising thermally induced phase transition material because of the abrupt changes in electrical and optical properties. However, the high phase transition temperature of VO₂ and its unspecified modulation relationship need to be resolved urgently. Herein, we proposed a simple and precise regulation criterion for VO₂ materials based on size-dependent lattice distortion rate and Born theory. The results indicated that the application of a tensile stress changed the elastic properties of the VO₂, which promoted VO₂ phase transition, and regulated the phase transition temperature. Moreover, the specific modulation relationship between the stress and phase transition temperature of VO₂ was confirmed experimentally. These results show that our criterion provides theoretical guidance to regulate VO₂ thermally induced phase transition materials.     

Assessment of the food control systems in the Sultanate of Oman

National food control systems are vital tools in governing the safety and quality of food intended for human consumption. This study of the Omani system was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the current food controls in place for protecting, in particular, the public health from emerging biological and chemical hazards. In response to this situation, a survey was undertaken within the different food safety authorities in Oman to examine the different elements of the national food control systems in terms of their existing food control management, food legislation, food inspection, food analysis laboratories and information, education and communications. Officials from the different authorities were interviewed and results were captured in prepared questionnaires. Overall examinations of the challenges, strength and weakness of the existing system have been highlighted. The findings of the study indicate significant progress is being made and the creation by the government of a national Centre for Food Safety and Quality is a significant positive step.