A new model to evaluate the dynamic adaptation of an electric distribution system

The main objective of this paper is to present a model developed to evaluate the Dynamic Adaptation of an Electric Energy Distribution System respecting its planning for a given period of Tariff Control. The model is based on a two-stage strategy that deals with the mid/short-term and long term planning, respectively. The starting point for modeling is brought about by the results from a multi-attribute method based on Fuzzy Dynamic Programming and on Analytic Hierarchy Processes for a mid/short-term horizon. Such a method produces a set of possible evolution trajectories which can be defined as satisfactory when they evolve above a given risk threshold that the planner is willing to accept. Then, the decision-making activities within the framework of the Analytic Hierarchy Processes are those tasks that allow defining a Vector for Dynamic Adaptation of the System, which is directly associated to an eventual series of imbalances that take place during its evolution.     

VSATS in Japan

In Japan, private domestic communications satellites, JCSAT and SuperBird, carrying K_u-band transponders, were launched in 1989, and the use of the VSATs started. To expedite a wider use of the VSAT systems, regulations were amended in June 1989 to permit simplified licensing procedures for the VSATs which conformed to technical standards. This contribution describes the usage of VSAT systems in Japan along with the licensing procedures and the technical standards.     

2002年西班牙通信市场综述

西班牙自1998年市场开放以来,通信业显示出强劲的增长势头。但政府干预程度仍较大,为保证市场的稳定性而在某些方面超越欧盟的要求,Telefonica仍占据着市场的主导地位。近期的动向是政府降低移动通信的税收总额,并同监管部门商讨3G基础设施的共享问题。     

三门峡水库芮城库区黄河段治理轮廓

黄河三门峡水库潼关至大坝河道长113.5km ,其中芮城段67 .2km ,按水库运用情况,黄淤41 ～30 断面长45 .6km ,河道特性明显,称为自然河道段;黄淤30～24 断面,长21 .6km ,呈水库和河道双重特性,称回水变动段。经对两段河道特性和多年流势分析及已建护岸工程的基本评价后,本文对工程设防标准、基本流路、平面布设及结构形式提出了符合整体规划又切合实际的数据     

Finite-dimensional regulators for a class of infinite-dimensional systems

We show that the ‘direct approach’, developed by the author for stabilization of certain classes of distributed parameter systems, can be extended to cover regulation problems as well. An iterative design algorithm is presented, together with proof that the algorithm will converge after a finite number of steps. The procedure is illustrated with an example of a constant disturbance acting on a delay system.     

Ownership selection in the US electric utility industry

This paper examines municipal selection of ownership form at retail in the US electric utility industry from 1945 to 1991. Residents are assumed to select a rural electric cooperative (REC), municipally owned utility (MOU), or investor-owned utility (IOU) to maximize net benefits subject to exogenous rate setting constraints. Examination of 233 municipalities that changed ownership form, and 250 that did not, suggests that residents change ownership form to obtain lower rates, other things equal. In addition, access to federal power (MOU case only), growing municipal population, and a larger fraction of Republican-appointed regulatory commissioners increase the probability that residents change to an REC or MOU from an IOU, other things equal.     

掌握世贸规则遵循经济规律

研讨化工企业加入WTO后参与国际市场竞争采用因势利导，开拓创新，绿色化学发展战略，探索可持续发展新路。     

Development of a Dosing Concept for Minute Flow Rates

Pressure and volume flow control is a non‐trivial problem in the range of minute molar fluxes. Requirements with regard to precision, stability and flexibility go beyond the specifications of commercially available systems. The present concept offers a functional solution for flexible dosage of norm volume flows down into the μL flow range providing at the same time a suitable pressure control. Furthermore an opportunity for in situ calibration of capillaries concerning their length and inner diameter is introduced. The described setup, after calibration, provides the possibility to determine the unknown viscosity of gaseous mixtures, which are very sparsely found in literature.     

澧湘航线刘家坝浅滩演变分析与整治方法

湘江自注视河口分为东西两支进入洞庭湖，西支是湘江的入湖分洪道，该航线上的刘家坝滩是有名的碍航浅滩，每年都要清淤疏浚，为确定整治方案，进行了包括东西两支的河工模型试验，通过河床演变，水流动力轴线与床面切应力及泥沙输移路线的分析，采用的具体措施是依据河势，结合中，洪水主动力轴线的方向，将整治线规划成左凹右凸的微变形态，拆除右岸顺坝，在左岸布置５座丁坝，利用疏浚土加高右岸遗留的下边滩和填塞原过航槽及下深     

制定我国新辐射防护规定中值得研究的几个问题

本文描述了制定新辐射防护规定时值得研究的几个问题。１．明确规定人为活动引起的天然辐射照射的控制要求，包括地下矿山和矿物提取工业的职业照射，喷气飞机机组人员的职业照射，以及居室中氡的照射。２．明确和加强当前辐射防护工作需要解决问题的内容，包括流出物的控制，下水道中放射性物质的控制和监测。讨论了应用ＢＳＳ豁免标准时的某些问题。３．吸取国际辐射防护的新经验，其中特别是ＩＣＲＰ的推荐书和ＩＡＥＡ的标准和导