分析化学中金的溶剂萃取的进展

综述了近 1 5年中分离和富集金的各种萃取体系 ,引文 81篇     

隐马尔可夫模型在环保档案信息抽取中的应用

面对突出的环境问题,亟需有效的方法从环境保护档案中抽取有用的信息用于支持环境保护等宏观决策。以建设项目环境影响报告书为例,研究如何利用隐马尔可夫模型来抽取建设项目的环境影响评价信息。阐明隐马尔可夫模型的原理与应用情况,分析报告书特点并明确应用模型进行报告书文本信息抽取的基本思想,并给出模型建立和应用的方法及具体步骤。通过实例验证得出,利用隐马尔可夫模型抽取环境保护信息能够获得较高的召回率和精确度,整体效果较好。     

基于小波包变换的肌电信号特征提取

本文提出一种新的基于小波包变换的特征提取方法,提取表面肌电信号进行小波包变换后得到的信号的协方差矩阵的特征值的最大值作为特征值。利用该方法对表面肌电信号提取特征值构建特征矢量,送入Elman神经网络对手部6种动作模式进行识别,在Matlab平台上进行实验仿真。实验结果表明,该方法取得了很好的识别效果。     

Web信息抽取系统的设计

为了获取分散Web页面中隐含信息,设计了Web信息抽取系统。该系统首先使用一种改进的HITS主题精选算法进行信息采集;然后对Web页面的HTML结构进行文档的数据预处理;最后,基于DOM树的XPath绝对路径生成算法来获取被标注结点的XPath表达式,并使用XPath语言结合XSLT技术来编写抽取规则,从而得到结构化的数据库或XML文件,实现了Web信息的定位和抽取。通过一个购物网站的抽取实验证明,该系统的抽取效果良好,可以实现相似Web页面的批量抽取。     

GC/MS分析纸浆及沉积树脂中脂肪酸组成

本文用色谱-质谱联用分析了纸浆及其沉积物的树脂中的脂肪酸成分。结果表明:纸浆中脂肪酸成分主要是油酸、9,11-十八碳二烯酸和软脂酸。沉积树脂的脂肪配成分基本上与之相同。纸浆中甘油三酸酯的脂肪酸的主要成分是油酸和软脂酸。纸浆中的甘油三酸酯是导致制浆造纸过程中产生树脂障碍的主要有害成分之一。     

Molecular and Physiological Responses of Citrus sinensis Leaves to Long-Term Low pH Revealed by RNA-Seq Integrated with Targeted Metabolomics

Low pH-induced alterations in gene expression profiles and organic acids (OA) and free amino acid (FAA) abundances were investigated in sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Xuegan] leaves. We identified 503 downregulated and 349 upregulated genes in low pH-treated leaves. Further analysis indicated that low pH impaired light reaction and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, thereby lowering photosynthesis in leaves. Low pH reduced carbon and carbohydrate metabolisms, OA biosynthesis and ATP production in leaves. Low pH downregulated the biosynthesis of nitrogen compounds, proteins, and FAAs in leaves, which might be conducive to maintaining energy homeostasis during ATP deprivation. Low pH-treated leaves displayed some adaptive responses to phosphate starvation, including phosphate recycling, lipid remodeling, and phosphate transport, thus enhancing leaf acid-tolerance. Low pH upregulated the expression of some reactive oxygen species (ROS) and aldehyde detoxifying enzyme (peroxidase and superoxidase) genes and the concentrations of some antioxidants (L-tryptophan, L-proline, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, and pyroglutamic acid), but it impaired the pentose phosphate pathway and V_E and secondary metabolite biosynthesis and downregulated the expression of some ROS and aldehyde detoxifying enzyme (ascorbate peroxidase, aldo-keto reductase, and 2-alkenal reductase) genes and the concentrations of some antioxidants (pyridoxine and γ-aminobutyric acid), thus disturbing the balance between production and detoxification of ROS and aldehydes and causing oxidative damage to leaves.     

单分散小尺寸(≤10nm)银颗粒的制备与应用

小尺寸(≤10nm)的银颗粒因具有高的比表面能和化学活性,在药物、光学、催化、磁性材料等领域具有广阔的应用前景。主要评述了单分散小于10nm银颗粒的主要制备方法:常规保护剂法、有机溶剂热还原法、反胶束法、辐射法、电化学还原法等。详细介绍了这些方法的反应机制和研究进展,以及银纳米颗粒在催化、光学、抗菌药等领域的研究开发应用;分析了实现生产银颗粒工业化发展方向。     

胡椒粉中胡椒碱两种测定方法的比较

本文采用了无水乙醇回流法及无水乙醇超声提取法两种处理方法后分别利用液相色谱仪、紫外分光光度法两种检测方法检测胡椒粉中的胡椒碱含量,通过比较确定了超声提取加液相色谱法是一种适宜实验室推广的方便、高效、准确的检测方法。     

精炼吊瓜籽油的脂肪酸分析

对压榨吊瓜籽毛油进行了精炼,计算出得率为54%。采用GC分析、比较了吊瓜籽精油、橄榄油和菜籽油的脂肪酸组分,表明吊瓜籽油中油酸、亚油酸含量为8.48%、33.6%,亚油酸含量高于橄榄油(8.48%)和菜籽油(13.03%).经过GC-MS确证,吊瓜籽含有丰富的角鲨烯(22.7%),是营养保健物质的新型来源.     

Platelet-Derived miR-126-3p Directly Targets AKT2 and Exerts Anti-Tumor Effects in Breast Cancer Cells: Further Insights in Platelet-Cancer Interplay

Among the surrounding cells influencing tumor biology, platelets are recognized as novel players as they release microvesicles (MVs) that, once delivered to cancer cells, modulate signaling pathways related to cell growth and dissemination. We have previously shown that physiological delivery of platelet MVs enriched in miR-126 exerted anti-tumor effects in different breast cancer (BC) cell lines. Here, we seek further insight by identifying AKT2 kinase as a novel miR-126-3p direct target, as assessed by bioinformatic analysis and validated by luciferase assay. Both ectopic expression and platelet MV-mediated delivery of miR-126-3p downregulated AKT2 expression, thus suppressing proliferating and invading properties, in either triple negative (BT549 cells) or less aggressive Luminal A (MCF-7 cells) BC subtypes. Accordingly, as shown by bioinformatic analysis, both high miR-126 and low AKT2 levels were associated with favorable long-term prognosis in BC patients. Our results, together with the literature data, indicate that miR-126-3p exerts suppressor activity by specifically targeting components of the PIK3/AKT signaling cascade. Therefore, management of platelet-derived MV production and selective delivery of miR-126-3p to tumor cells may represent a useful tool in multimodal therapeutic approaches in BC patients.