安全合规管理及其应用

简要介绍了安全合规管理系统以及在企业信息系统中的应用,作为企业安全基准的保证产品,安全合规产品应当具有比较好的应用。     

Coarse head pose estimation of construction equipment operators to formulate dynamic blind spots

Several hundred workers die in construction in the United States every year because equipment operators are unable to see their fellow workers during operation of their vehicle. In this paper we propose a step towards improving this situation by providing an automated method based on range imaging for estimating the coarse head orientation of a construction equipment operator. This research utilizes commercially-available low resolution range cameras to measure the continuously changing field-of-view (FOV) of an equipment operator in outdoor construction. This paper presents a methodology to measure so-called dynamic blind spot maps. The dynamic blind spot map is then projected on a known static equipment blind spot map that already exists to each construction vehicle. A robust computational coarse head pose estimation algorithm and results to three different pieces of construction equipment and multiple operators are presented. The developed method has the potential in automatically determining the spaces around vehicles that are currently not in the field-of-view of the vehicle operator thus providing eventually additional means and technology for improving safety in construction.     

基于MATLAB的数字图像人数统计

从视频截取的图象中统计人数,一直是图象处理领域的一个前沿课题,在交通监控、客流量统计、运动分析、虚拟现实等领域都有很高的实用价值。本文提出了一种应用MATLAB软件,基于人体轮廓特征的提取及填充的来统计人数的方法,首先对图像使用中值滤波去噪,然后用canny算子检测出了图像的轮廓,为了得到完整封闭的轮廓线,使用了形态学的方法进行膨胀运算,最后,用MATLAB实现了图像轮廓的填充,实验结果表明,该方法简单有效。     

Safety-based availability assessment at design stage

The availability of a system or equipment is one of the crucial characteristics that measures the customer satisfaction and strongly influences his final choice decision between concurrent products. The aim of this work is to provide an approach to improve the products availability assessment by taking into account the safety criteria by considering the use situations at design stage. Our work focuses on the routine design of complex products. The availability is often simply estimated considering reliability and maintainability. Basically, the intrinsic availability is the probability that it is operating satisfactorily at any point in time when used under conditions stated by design specifications. The time considered includes operating time and active repair time. Thus, intrinsic availability excludes from consideration all other times in the product lifecycle such as: accident management time, storage time, administrative time or logistic time. But many studies show that the loss of availability performance is also due to accidents that occur in different unforeseeable utilization situations. This engenders stops of the system to ensure the users safety according to standards recommendations. In this purpose, we consider the structural product architecture and the different use cases that correspond to the operational states and downtimes due to stop events that may happen during the utilization like failures, maintenance tasks and accidents. Then, we propose a product behavioral analysis including the use cases to describe interactions between the product and users or maintenance operators. We use Markov chains to model the use cases corresponding to operating time (OT), maintenance time (MT) and preparing time after accidents (RT). Then these three parameters are considered to specify a generic approach to improve the availability assessment. Such an approach provides the traceability of the product behavior along its lifecycle. In this way, the main causes of stop can be identified and this may guide the designer for improving the availability of the product future versions. To validate our approach, an application is presented considering a printing line. The comparison of our simulation considering an industrial case study shows a good agreement about the influence of safety on the availability.     

A multi-echelon production–inventory system with supply disruption

The article investigates an integrated multi-layer supply chain model consisting of supplier, manufacturer and retailer while supply disruption, machine breakdown, safety stock, maintenance breakdown occur simultaneously. At beginning of the production, manufacturer keeps some raw materials in stock received from second supplier at high price, as safety stock due to supply disruption of first supplier. Corrective maintenance is done immediately to restore its normal stage when machine breakdown occurs. Stock out situations at manufacturer and retailer are considered due to disruption of production for machine breakdown. The integrated expected costs of the chain in centralized (collaborating) and decentralized (Stakelberg approach) system are compared. A numerical example and its sensitivity analysis are provided to test feasibility of the model.     

Quality characteristics of edible vegetable oil blends

Two edible oil blends, namely groundnut oil:rice-bran oil and mustard oil:rice-bran oil, were prepared in different proportions and stored for a period of three years. Their physicochemical characteristics were determined. The results agreed with expected values except for free fatty acid percents and butyrorefrac-tometer readings, presumably due to rancidity. Fatty acid compositions of the blends were determined and ratios of characteristic fatty acids, like lignoceric to palmitic for groundnut oil:rice-bran oil blends, and erucic to palmitic for mustard oil:rice-bran oil blends, were calculated to identify individual oils in the blend.     

Exploring approaches to improve the performance of autonomous monitoring with imperfect data in location-aware wireless sensor networks

In recent years, information and sensing technologies have been applied to the construction industry to collect and provide rich information to facilitate decision making processes. One of the applications is using location data to support autonomous crane safety monitoring (e.g., collision avoidance and dangerous areas control). Several location-aware wireless technologies such as GPS (Global Positioning System), RFID (Radio-frequency identification), and Ultra-Wide Band sensors, have been proposed to provide location information for autonomous safety monitoring. However, previous studies indicated that imperfections (errors, uncertainty, and inconsistency) exist in the data collected from those sensors and the data imperfections have great impacts on autonomous safety monitoring system performance. This paper explores five computationally light-weight approaches to deal with the data imperfections, aiming to improve the system performance. The authors built a scaled autonomous crane safety monitoring testbed with a mounted localization system to collect location data and developed five representative test cases based on a live construction jobsite. Seven hundred and sixty location readings were collected at thirty-eight test points from the sensors. Those location data was fed into the reasoning mechanisms with five approaches to generate the safety decisions at those thirty-eight test points and evaluate system performance in terms of precision, recall and accuracy. The results indicate that system performance can be improved if at least ten position readings from sensors can be collected at small intervals at any location along the moving path. However, by including additional data such as velocity and acceleration that may be read from devices mounted on workers, localization error may be significantly reduced. These findings represent a path forward to improve localization accuracy by mixing imperfect data from the sensed environment with supplemental input.     

基于动态特性的D-LTSV语音端点检测方法

端点检测是语音信号处理的一个关键环节。为提高语音在低性噪比以及非平稳噪声环境下的端点检测性能,在长时信号变化特征(LTSV)的基础上提出一种新的D-LTSV语音端点检测方法。采用Bartlett-Welch方法估计语音谱,分析语音谱在长时域上的熵,利用倒谱的动态特性分析方法提取连续帧熵值的动态变化特征。实验结果表明,D-LTSV综合考虑了语音的非平稳性和帧间非平稳性的动态变化情况,具有比LTSV更好的分辨能力,特别是在低性噪比和非平稳噪声的环境下,D-LTSV的分辨能力提升了50.77%,能够准确地进行端点检测,具有更强的鲁棒性。     

一种基于图像匹配的地面交通标志实时识别方法

地面交通标志检测识别是智能驾驶领域的一个研究方向,实时性、准确率是该研究的重点。图像匹配的方法是常用的模式识别方法。文中介绍了一种结合先验知识和图像匹配的地面交通标志检测识别方法。算法包括两部分:预处理和检测识别。预处理阶段包括图像压缩、感兴趣区域提取、形态学处理、中值滤波和逆透视等步骤,实现图像降噪和正畸,为检测识别做准备。检测识别阶段包括轮廓提取、面积过滤、图像匹配等步骤,目的是判断待测图像是否含有地面交通标志及其种类。实验证明,该算法实时性好、鲁棒性强、准确率高。     

核电站安全级DCS隔离设计研究

在核电站安全级DCS设计中,为提高系统的可靠性,需保证安全级电气设备和电路之间的有效隔离,为了实现电气设备和电路的隔离,核安全相关法规标准提出了实体分隔、电气隔离等设计手段。本文通过对核电站安全级DCS隔离相关法规标准的分析,得出了电气设备和电路隔离的设计要求,提出了设计过程中应采取的方法和措施,并在此基础上给出了具体的实体分隔和电气隔离工程实现方案。该方案的工程实施结果可实现安全级DCS电气设备和电路的独立性要求,有效提高系统的可靠性,为系统的稳定运行提供重要保证和支持。