迎春花叶提取物在磷酸介质中对钢的缓蚀作用

采用失重法研究了迎春花(Jasminum nudiflorum Lindl.)叶提取物(JNLLE)在H3PO4介质中对冷轧钢缓蚀作用,考察了缓蚀剂浓度(20～200mg/L)、温度(20～50℃)、腐蚀浸泡时间(6～48 h)、酸浓度(1.0～10.0 mol/L)对缓蚀性能的影响.结果表明:JNLLE在1.0 mo...     

Antennal sensilla of Eucryptorrhynchus chinensis (Olivier) and Eucryptorrhynchus brandti (Harold) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Eucryptorrhynchus chinensis (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and E. brandti (Harold) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) are the two most important pests of tree‐of‐heaven, Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle and its variety Ailanthus altissima var. Qiantouchun in China. They are also considered potential biological control agents for tree‐of‐heaven in North America. In this study, the external morphologies and antennal sensilla of both species were examined using scanning electron microscopy to better understand their host‐finding mechanisms. Eleven morphological sensilla types were recorded, that is, Böhm bristles, six types of sensilla chaetica (Sch. 1–6), two types of sensilla basiconica (Sb. 1–2), and two types of sensilla trichodea (St. 1–2). Sch. 5 were absent from the antennae of E. chinensis, while Sch. 2 were absent from the antennae of E. brandti. Abundant cuticular pores were present on the antennae of both species. Three types of sensilla on the antennae of E. chinensis that were not found in a previous study, and ten different types of sensilla on the antennae of E. brandti were identified for the first time. The possible functions of the sensilla types are discussed based on a comparison with previous studies. Four types of sensilla (Sb. 1, Sb. 2, St. 2, and Sch. 6) on the antennae of both species indicate chemoreception may play a significant role in host location. Microsc. Res. Tech. 76:968–978, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

功能性保健食品五味子的研究进展

综述五味子的营养价值、药理保健作用及其有效成分的提取、分离、测定方法,为在食品工业中进一步开发利用五味子提供参考。     

乌索酸的生产工艺

Production of ursolic acid, the anti-hepatitis effective composition from natural plant, Sambucus chinensis Lindl. was carried out and the scale-up preparation technology was studied. Extraction of the herb Sambucus chinensis Lindl. was extracted in reflux with 7 volume times of refluxing ethanol at 80℃ for 1 h for two times. The extract was purified with a seh-made specific impurity remover ＂YCXY-1＂ to yield ursolic acid of high purity. A new ＂Extraction/Gelation＂ technology for the production of ursolic acid was developed. The specific impurity remover ＂YCXY-1＂ showed high effectiveness in purification. The purity of the mass-produced ursolie acid was up to 99.8%. The chemical structure of the product was confirmed by the physicochemical constants and spectroscopic identification. The production of high-purity ursolic acid was optimized with natural plant as raw material and with only ethanol as extracting solvent. The difficulties such as isolation and impurity removal were addressed effectively. The novel technology is reasonable, convenient, practical, low-cost, high-yield, suitable for mass production.     

ICP-MS法测定野生及种植北五味子中的微量元素

利用ICP-MS对长白山区野生和种植五味子中的微量元素进行了测定和分析.结果表明：在选定的实验条件下,方法的检出限为0.002～0.092ng/mL,相对标准偏差RSD在1.87%～4.96%之间,标准加入回收率在94.0%～104.5%之间;野生五味子中的微量元素的总量明显高于种植的,并且有害元素铅、砷和镉的含量均低于种植五味子.     

HPLC法测定陆英花和果实中齐墩果酸和熊果酸的含量

建立高效液相色谱法同时分离和测定陆英花和果实中齐墩果酸和熊果酸的含量。选用Kromasil C18色谱柱,流动相为甲醇：水：磷酸（90：10：0．2）,检测波长210nm,流速0．8mL／min,柱温25℃。齐墩果酸进样量在n55—5．50μg,熊果酸进样量在1．02—10．20μg时呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数均为0．9999,齐墩果酸和熊果酸的平均回收率分别为99．3％（RSD为1．9％）和101．2％（RSD为2．3％）.本法具有准确、灵敏、数据可靠的优点,可用于陆英花和果实的齐墩果酸和熊果酸的分离与测定。     

北五味子的超临界萃取及产物的HPLC-APCI-MS/MS分析

优化超临界流体萃取北五味子中木脂素类成分的提取工艺,对萃取物中所含有效成分的归属进行分析鉴定.以五味子总木脂素为评价指标,采用正交实验法和不同影响因素系统考察法对CO2 -SFE萃取北五味子中木脂素类成分提取工艺进行优化,利用液相色谱-大气压化学电离质谱联用法(HPLC-APCI-MS/MS)分析鉴定产物结构.确定了最...     

柽柳挥发油成分及无机元素的GC/M

采用GC/MS方法分析鉴定了用索氏提取法获得的柽柳挥发油中的26种成分,占挥发油总量的91.0%。4种主要成分为十六酸甲脂(29.20%)、十八碳二烯酸(20.88%)、9-十八碳烯酸甲酯(12.31%)和β-维生素E(7.65%),占挥发油的70.0%。采用ICP-MS法测定了微波消解法得到的柽柳无机元素样品中的无机元素成分,共检出27个元素,元素含量高低顺序为:K、Na、Ca、Mg、P、Ce、Fe、Al、La、B、Zn、Ni、Cu、Cr、Ga、Mn、V、Se、Ba、Pb、Sr、Mo、As、Th、Co、Cd、Hg,微量元素Ce、Fe、Zn、Ni、Cr含量较高。     

曲水园古松柏生长环境的土壤质量与评价

为制定促进古松柏良好生长及复壮措施提供科学依据,对曲水园古白皮松、古桧柏进行了土壤质量调查与分析,结果表明：古白皮松、古桧柏生长环境的土壤pH值较高、而土壤的EC值、有机质和速效氮的含量偏低,由此会对古白皮松、古桧柏的生长造成不利影响;经测试,古白皮松和古桧柏土壤中的有效磷含量达丰富水平,土壤中的微生物含量,古白皮松比古桧柏要高。对存在的问题提出了相应的改良措施。