Influence of copigment derived from Tasmannia pepper leaf on Davidson's plum anthocyanins

Davidson's plum (Davidsonia pruriens, F. Muell.), a native to Australian rainforests, large, crimson-red fruit, which superficially resembles plum, has been commercially cultivated in Australia since 1990s. The current production volume exceeds market demands therefore this study was designed to evaluate the suitability of Davidson's plum extract as a source of anthocyanin-based food colorant. The stability of the Davidson's plum extract towards heat treatment at 95 °C was higher than that of commercial mulberry colorant, but inferior to colorants derived from red cabbage and purple sweetpotato. An addition of a variety of phenolic acids significantly increased color intensity indicating the formation of copigmentation complexes. Commercial chlorogenic acid as well as extract from a native Australian herb rich in chlorogenic acid, Tasmannia pepper leaf (Tasmannia lanceolata, R. Br.), were both tested in model soft drink solutions subjected to light irradiation and heat treatment. In both cases, the addition of the copigment resulted in a lasting increase in color intensity. In conclusion, Davidson's plum extract can successfully be utilized as a source of natural food color. Extract from Tasmania pepper leaf can be used as a co-pigment for Davidson's plum anthocyanins. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The color properties of an anthocyanin colorant derived from the native Australian fruit Davidson's plum are comparable to those of mulberry, which is currently applied as a food colorant in Australian food products. Utilization of Davidson's plum fruit as a source of natural color will allow the industry to increase the range of natural pigments and will create new opportunities for the emerging native food industry.     

胡椒风味调味酱的研制

主要研究以大豆和胡椒为基础原材料，采用固态低盐发酵法，生产胡椒风味调味酱，并进行原料的配比试验及调香四因子水平正交试验，得出胡椒调味酱最佳配方是：胡椒：大豆酱：辣椒：姜和大蒜为：70：5：3：3。     

利用低值鱼生产氨基酸调味基料工艺的研究

介绍以低值鱼为原料,用生物酶解方法制备氨基酸调味基料的生产工艺。在实验过程中分别对酶用量、反应温度、反应时间等影响酶解的因素进行了研究,确定了酶解的最佳反应条件。     

四川香肠中产香葡萄球菌的分离与鉴定

从四川自然发酵香肠中共分离得到242株微球菌和葡萄球菌,采用快速半定量平板方法从中筛选出了硝酸盐还原酶活性较大的株菌80株,并对这些菌株进行发酵基本实验和产香基本要求实验,筛选得到了2株过氧化氢酶阳性葡萄球菌S15和S25。通过GC-MS分析发现,在实验条件下只有S25具有代谢亮氨酸生成3-甲基丁醛的能力。生化鉴定以及菌株的16S rDNA测序结果表明,S25为腐生葡萄球菌。     

四川麸醋的功能性

为发展四川传统麸醋,介绍了四川麸醋是独特的以药曲加黑曲为糖化剂、经熟料或生料固态糖化、酒化及醋酸发酵而成的一种食醋。四川麸醋含有多种药理成分,具有多种药理作用、保健功能及独特的调味性和很强的杀菌、抑菌能力。论述了四川麸醋在人们生活中的重要性和今后的发展方向。     

直投式发酵剂生产四川泡菜的研究

通过分析接入乳酸菌直投式发酵剂和自然发酵四川泡菜发酵过程中亚硝酸盐含量、乳酸菌菌数和产品品质的动态变化,确定直投式菌剂发酵泡菜时的菌粉添加量和食盐用量。结果表明:添加4%食盐,接入0.04%直投式发酵剂,室温25℃,发酵7d后制得的泡菜酸甜适口,色泽好。添加到直投式发酵剂终产品中的亚硝酸盐含量显著低于自然发酵组,仅为2.11μg/mL,且其乳酸菌菌数远高于自然发酵组,肠膜明串珠菌和植物乳杆菌菌数分别达到6.42×107cfu/mL和3.13×107cfu/mL。     

四川风鸭呈味物质形成机理初探

本文对四川风鸭加工过程中的呈味物质进行了初步探讨,从而研究风鸭呈味物质的形成机理.结果表明:脂肪氧化和蛋白质分解是形成风鸭风味的主要途径,游离脂肪酸和游离氨基酸是构成风鸭风味的重要前体物质.四川风鸭主要呈味物质的形成在"腌制"到"风干6天"这段时期.四川风鸭呈弱酸性.风鸭的风味物质中,脂肪氧化产物主要以羰基类物质形式存在.油酸、棕榈酸、亚油酸、谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸、精氨酸是风鸭风味的主要呈味物质.     

香椿调味油制作工艺研究

为进一步开发利用香椿,对香椿进行深加工,采用新鲜香椿芽和食用油为主要原料,按一定比例加热制作香椿调味油。通过单因素试验和正交试验设计,研究了烫漂温度、烫漂时间、食用油品种、香辛料使用量、浸提温度、浸提时间以及香椿芽与食用油的比例等因素对香椿调味油品质的影响,得出制作香椿调味油的最优条件为:烫漂温度95℃,烫漂时间2 min,选用大豆色拉油,香辛料与油的比例1∶150,浸提温度140℃,浸提时间6 min,香椿芽与油的比例1∶4。按以上条件制得的香椿调味油色泽深金黄,香气浓郁,滋味突出,能够满足消费者的调味需求。     

调味即食龙须菜去腥工艺及气调包装

目的：研究龙须菜调味即食海洋蔬菜的加工工艺。方法：以龙须菜为原料,分别采用甘草浓缩汁和臭氧水浸泡法去腥、醋酸软化、ZnCl2护色、CaCl2保脆等方法处理海藻,再经复合调味、杀菌、气调包装并运用一级动力学模型预测产品的货架期。结果：去腥最优工艺条件为甘草浓缩汁质量分数4%、浸泡15min、臭氧水质量浓度0.2mg/L、浸泡15min;研究出4种口味的复合调味龙须菜即食产品;最佳常温气调包装的复合气体组成为CO2:O2:N2=6:1:3;常温下,调味即食龙须菜产品的货架期为7个月。结论：研究的4种龙须菜即食产品各项品质指标良好,符合国家相关海藻即食食品标准规定。     

四川冬菜中苯乳酸高产菌株的分离与鉴定

通过双层平板拮抗法和牛津杯琼脂扩散法抑菌试验,从传统发酵食品四川冬菜中分离筛选得到18株乳酸菌。结合反相高效液相色谱法得到1株苯乳酸高产菌株DL-13,其发酵上清液中苯乳酸含量为143mg/L。结合菌落形态、细胞形态、生理生化特性,最终确定菌株DL-13为植物乳杆菌。