经济边际在油气资源勘探开发中的应用方法研究

油气资源勘探开发的经济边际分析是从石油企业的边际利润出发，确定石油企业的最优投入产出水平，为作出科学的投资决策和生产决策提供依据，界定了有关油气资源勘探开发经济边际的概念和内涵，探讨了石油企业边际成本和边际收入的确定方法。     

Effect of Channel Changes in the St. Clair River During the Present Century

Periodic man-made changes in the outlet of Lake Huron through the St. Clair River date back to the middle of the last century. These artificial channel changes have been well documented during the present century. They consist of dredging for commercial gravel removal in the upper river during 1908–25 and uncompensated navigation improvements for the 7.6-m (25-ft) and 8.2-m (27-ft) projects completed in 1933 and 1962, respectively. The total effect of these changes on the levels of Lakes Michigan and Huron (hydraulically one lake) and on the upper St. Clair River profile was determined with dynamic flow models. The ultimate effect of the above dredging was a permanent lowering of the Lake Michigan-Huron levels 0.27 m (0.89 ft), which represents a tremendous loss of freshwater resource [32 km³ (7.7 mi³)].     

测井资料高分辨率层序地层分析

高分辨率层序地层学克服了岩性地层对比穿时的缺点.高分辨率层序地层对比是等时的高精度的地层对比,它满足了勘探开发中地层对比等时性和高分辨率的要求.测井资料的纵向分辨率较高,是高分辨率层序地层研究的重要资料.提出了利用测井相分析技术,从测井资料上识别出单井岩性和沉积微相剖面,结合测井曲线特征,划分单井基准面旋回,并进行连井地层等时对比,这为定量地进行高分辨率层序地层分析提供了一种方法.通过研究区实际资料的处理,验证了该方法的有效性.     

结构强度储备的评估及结构维修过程的跟踪决策

本文提出了已建成结构在服役过程中构件的强度储备比和结构整体的强度储备比的概念和定义,它们都是随结构使用和维修过程而变化的时间的函数。我们建议以实际的强度储备比作为构件和结构服役安全度的表达方式,给出了构件和结构强度储备比的具体评定方法,并以结构整体的强度储备比作为控制参数决策结构的维修过程,以求得结构全寿命维修的优化控制。本文所提出的方法适用于具有良好的结构重分析程序和精密细致的检测手段的工程。一般重要的结构工程,例如核电站、海上结构、航空航天设备等均具备上述条件。因而本文所提的方法非常实用,可以立即应用于重要的工程项目,具有重大的经济和社会效益。     

平衡纵剖面数值试验及其对防洪的影响研究

本文采用一维非恒定流非均匀沙的水沙数学模型，以长江中游螺山汉口河段为背景，进行了根化数值模拟试验，分析了该概化河段平衡纵剖面的变化规律及其与上游来水来沙条件的关系，并和相应的理论公式进行了比较。在此基础上，对水沙条件发生较在变化时的平衡纵比降以及带来的对长江中下游防洪的影响进行了分析。     

Chemistry and Physics of Alkali Metals on MoS2 Surfaces

The interaction of alkali metal with surfaces has been of great interest to the community of catalysis since alkali metal can play an important role as a promoter. On alkali-doped MoS₂, such a promotion effect of alkali metal has been exemplified in the direct synthesis of linear alcohols from CO and H₂, where the alkali-doping switches the catalyst selectivity from methanation to alcohol synthesis. This paper reviews recent high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy experiments that have provided direct observation of electron transfer from alkali metals to a model single crystal MoS₂ and the capture of the supra-valence electrons in the subsequent oxidation reactions.     

白丰梯级水库实用电力优化调度图的研制——变动目标水位控制法的研究

在分步设计及大量计算的基础上，提出了一套考虑因素相对全面、指导 性强、易于操作的梯级水库电力实用优化调度图。该调度图继承了传统时历法调度图直观、 简明的优点，又具有其特有的优化功能。该方法以汛末蓄满水库为标准，确定典型来水过程 的预调度线和初始目标；以获得梯级电站最大长期调峰收益为目标，以变动目标水位控制为 核心，开发出调度图长系列操作通用程序模块，并以此模块作为寻优计算的手段。提出了水 库长期运行与短期实时调度有机结合，以及模拟计算、水位偏差最优反馈、来水预报、目标 水位寻优等多种实用处理技术。     

Recursive solution of inverse natural convection problems by means of mode reduction

 A recursive method based on the Kalman filtering is developed to solve inverse natural convection problems of estimating the unsteady nonuniform wall heat flux from temperature measurements in the flow. By employing the Karhunen–Loève Galerkin procedure that reduces the Boussinesq equation to a small set of ordinary differential equations, the computational difficulties associated with the Kalman filtering for the partial differential equations are overcome. The present method is assessed through several numerical experiments, and is found to yield satisfactory results. Received 20 January 2001 / Accepted 31 May 2001     

钼还原过程相变化研究

采用钼酸铵直接氢还原及钼酸铵先焙解然后再分段氢还原两种不同的还原方法进行了钼粉还原。通过Ｘ射线衍射方法分析了两种工艺还原过程中的反应序列及相变化规律，并讨论了不稳定相Ｍｏ４Ｏ１１对于钼粉还原过程的影响。     

A novel laboratory bench for practical evaluation of catalysts useful for simultaneous conversion of NOx and soot in diesel exhaust

This study deals with the development of a laboratory bench for the practical evaluation of catalysts that are useful for the direct conversion of NO_x and soot in the exhaust of diesel engines. The employed model exhaust is generated by using a diffusion burner with additionally dosing some gaseous components to the burner gas to obtain a realistic feed composition. The produced soot is extensively characterized by employing thermogravimetry, transmission electron microscopy, N₂ physisorption and temperature programmed techniques. The results of the different characterization methods show that the present soot is suitable for the intended catalytic investigations. The simultaneous conversion of NO_x and soot is examined like in practice, i.e. the soot is separated from the tail gas by a diesel particulate filter (DPF) that is coated with the catalyst. The deposited soot is then catalytically converted by NO_x and O₂ to form N₂ and CO₂. The conversions of NO_x and soot are measured by exclusively applying gas analysers, whereby a special experimental procedure is developed to determine the soot removal. Hence, additional soot related analytics are not required. To show the suitability of the constructed bench a Pt/Fe₂O₃/β-zeolite sample is taken as test catalyst that is reported to be very active in NO_x/soot reaction. The measurements performed with and without catalyst clearly show the effect of the used sample in simultaneous NO_x/soot conversion. We therefore consider the constructed laboratory bench to be a useful tool for testing and ranking catalytic materials.