薄板坯连铸生产SS400钢工艺技术研究

对唐钢薄板坯连铸机生产的SS400钢的生产工艺进行了分析,认为薄板坯连铸机生产的SS400钢,在采取了精炼站在线定氧,将钢水全氧控制在25×10~(-6)左右,同时连铸采取保护浇注和轻压下等技术后,能够确保薄板坯连铸SS400钢的顺利浇注,轧制的板带材表面质量良好,机械性能符合要求。     

Catalytic reduction of N2O with CH4 and C3H6 over Ag–Rh/Al2O3 bimetallic catalyst in the presence of oxygen

A study of nitrous oxide (N₂O) reduction with methane (CH₄) and propene (C₃H₆) in the presence of oxygen (5%) over Ag/Al₂O₃, Rh/Al₂O₃ and Ag–Rh/Al₂O₃ catalysts, with Ag and Rh loadings of 5 wt% and 0.05 wt% respectively, has been performed. From the results, it was observed that the Ag–Rh bimetallic catalyst was the most active for both nitrous oxide removal (more than 95%) and hydrocarbon oxidation. This high activity seems to be connected with a synergistic effect between Ag and Rh. The findings from X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies showed also, that there were no strong interactions (eg alloying) between Ag and Rh. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

Variation de la plombemie en fonction de la contamination par le plomb de l'eau livree a la consommation: Variation of the blood lead level as a result of lead contamination of the subjects drinking water

The combination of the chemical aggressivity of water and lead piping, as is well known, can cause severe cases of lead poisoning in those who consume such water. After a great number of observations and epidemiological studies which have strongly incriminated this metal in a wide range of pathologic conditions, other materials have been gradually substituted for lead; however, the problem remains.In compliance with a European Directive to survey the risk of lead poisoning (Council Directive, 1977), a random sample of 321 residents was selected from the Vosgian Mountains of France. This region is noted for its high incidence of cases of lead poisoning: 150 reported during 8 months in 1983 (Barbier et al., 1983).During the course of a health evaluation, a blood sample was taken from each subject for lead analysis. At the same time, a sample of tap-water (after running for 5 s) was taken from each subject home. Both lead analyses (blood and water) were performed by electrothermal atomization-atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Because of the log-normality of the distributions of the blood lead levels and the concentrations of lead in the drinking water, a logarithmic transformation was performed so that the results are expressed as the geometric mean, which for the amount of lead in the drinking water of our sample was found to be 0.16 mg l^?1.Among the subjects of this study, 28% are served by water containing more than 0.10 mg l^?1 of lead (the standard for France) and 48% by water containing more than 0.05 mg l^?1 (the European and WHO standard). In concurrence with numerous authors, our study indicates that, among our subjects, the blood lead level is much higher in men than in women (geometric means 22.9 and 15.0 μg dl^?1 respectively); this difference is highly significant (t-test:P < 0.001). Table 1 summarizes the results, by sex, obtained in this region compared with those from a study (Huel, 1982) concerning an urban French population whose geometric mean blood lead levels were 15.9 μg dl^?1 for men and 11.4 μg dl^?1 for women. The irrespective of sex, is highly significant (P < 0.001). Table 2 shows the significance of the relation between these subjects, high blood lead levels and the concentration of lead in their drinking water, while Fig. 1 shows that for contamination levels up to 0.02 mg l^?1 of lead in water, the blood lead level remains relatively stable, while above this apparent “threshold” value, the blood lead level begins to increase finally reaching quite high values in response to high contamination levels, suggesting a direct translation of increases in the water above the 0.02 mg l^?1 level to increases in the blood.     

锗渣中锗的测定——碘酸钾容量法

文章采用氢氧化钠碱熔试样，经硫酸中和后，在1＋1盐酸介质中蒸馏分离锗，使大部分干扰元素经蒸馏分离，并在1＋1盐酸介质中用碘酸钾容量法滴定锗。该法滴定终点明显，准确率高。标准回收率为95．52％～105．78％，变异系数为3．18％～4．42％。适用于锗渣中高含量的锗的测定分析。     

Deactivation of V2O5-WO3-TiO2 SCR catalyst at a biomass-fired combined heat and power plant

The deactivation of a commercial type V₂O₅-WO₃-TiO₂ monolith catalyst under biomass combustion was studied at a full-scale grate-fired power plant burning straw/wood using a slip stream pilot scale reactor. The aerosols in the flue gas consisted of a mixture of potassium chloride and sulphate. Three catalyst elements were exposed at 350 °C, and one element was exposed at 250 °C for comparison. The catalyst activity was measured in the reactor at the exposure temperature by addition of NH₃ and extra NO. The activity, in terms of a first-order rate constant, dropped by 52% after about 1140 h indicating a very fast deactivation compared to coal firing. It was also found that the reactor temperature was not of importance for the deactivation rate. SEM-EDX analysis showed that particle deposition and pore blocking contributed to the deactivation by decreasing the diffusion rate of NO and NH₃ into the catalyst. However, potassium also penetrated into the catalyst wall and the resulting average K/V ratio in the catalyst structure was high enough (about 0.3–0.5) for a significant chemical deactivation. Chemisorption studies carried out in situ showed that the amount of chemisorbed NH₃ on the catalyst decreased as a function of exposure time, which reveals that Brøndsted acid sites had reacted with potassium compounds and thereby rendered inactive. When washed by 0.5 M H₂SO₄ the regenerated catalyst regains a higher activity than that of the fresh catalyst at temperatures higher than 300 °C, but even though reactivation is possible, the deactivation rate appears too high for practical use of the SCR process in straw combustion.     

红外背景干扰研究

根据从许多地区收集来的录象磁带上的图象数据和大量红外图象数据，对红外背景图象内的干扰进行了研究。图象内的噪声是以象元电平为单位的均方根形成计算。图象经过空间滤波处理，对其内的干扰再进行计算。为获得关于红外背景图象的空间频率构成的信息，在滤波和非滤波两种状态下计算了图象的光谱密度，把计算出的干扰值输入数据库取出多组数据并绘图，确定参数量（如天气、背景类型和测量条件等）对干扰电平的影响。     

用迁移率和载流子浓度研究碲镉汞中的深能级

获得了一种研究碲镉汞深能级的方法。通过分析迁移率 载子浓度与温度的关系，可以得到关于深能级的重要依据。     

Inhibiting and deactivating effects of water on the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide with ammonia over MnOx/Al2O3

The effect of water on the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitric oxide with ammonia over alumina supported with 2–15 wt.-% manganese oxide was investigated in the temperature range 385–600 K, with the emphasis on the low side of this temperature window. Studies on the effect of 1–5 vol.-% water vapour on the SCR reaction rate and selectivity were combined with TPD experiments to reveal the influence of water on the adsorption of the single SCR reactants. It turned out that the activity decrease due to water addition can be divided into a reversible inhibition and an irreversible deactivation. Inhibition is caused by molecular adsorption of water. TPD studies showed that water can adsorb competitively with both ammonia and nitric oxide. Additional kinetic experiments revealed that adsorbed ammonia is present in excess on the catalyst surface, even in the presence of water. Reduced nitric oxide adsorption is responsible for the observed reversible decrease in the reaction rate; the fractional reaction order changes from 0.79 in the absence of water to 1.07 in its presence. Deactivation is probably due to the dissociative adsorption of water, resulting in the formation of additional surface hydroxyls. As the amount of surface hydroxyls formed is limited to a saturation level, the deactivating effect on the catalyst is limited too. The additional hydroxyls condense and desorb in the temperature range 525–775 K, resulting in a lower degree of deactivation at higher temperature. A high temperature treatment at 775 K results in a complete regeneration. The amount of surface hydroxyls formed per unit surface area decreases at increasing MnO_x-loading. The selectivity to the production of nitrogen is enhanced significantly by the presence of gas phase water.     

钠冷快堆中喷雾钠火的计算分析

根据钠冷快堆中喷雾钠火的特点建立了理论模型，编制了SSPRAY程序。该程序模拟钠喷雾燃料过程中钠滴的运动、钠和氧气的燃烧反应、热量传递和质量传递等瞬态过程。用该程序计算了气体和墙壁温度、气体压力、氧气摩尔份额、喷雾流燃烧速率和热量热递速率等主要参数。利用AI实验数据和美国SPRAY－3A的计算结果对程序进行了验证，结果符合较好。     

实行全面质量管理 做好江口水电站工程设计

江口水电站是芙蓉江干流开发中的骨干工程。为认真履行江口工程的设计合同，确保优质、高效地完成江口工程的各项设计工作，长江委设计院实行全面质量管理，建立了一套规范化的统计管理程序，制订详细的设计计划，落实江口工程项目各级责任人的质量责任制，采取特殊技术措施，对工程设计过程中的各项质量活动进行全过程的管理，使江口工程在满足质量标准、合同进度的情况下，工程投资最省。