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921.
922.
923.
Coupling effect between masonry spandrels and piers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Paolo Foraboschi 《Materials and Structures》2009,42(3):279-300
In-plane performance of masonry load-bearing walls was tested in a quasi-static fashion by loading individual brickwork perforated
walls with constant normal force and increasing lateral force. Fifteen full-scale unreinforced frames were constructed by
professional bricklayers, from ordinary bricks and lime-mortar according to ancient techniques, so as to be representative
of historic masonry. Each wall was subjected to two monotonic loadings (with unloading), up to the full drop-off in the stiffness
and complete development of the kinematic mechanism. The specimens exhibited significant overstrength with respect to the
strength provided by the masses and high deformation capacity, which are not adequately represented by code provisions for
analysis of ancient masonry buildings. The overstrength is here described by several key parameters, namely: (1) Level of
coupling piers by spandrels, (2) virtual work done by interlocking and friction forces, (3) and maximum tensile stress in
the top spandrel and nodal panels. The paper attempts also to calibrate the behavior factors (q) for masonry frames that are not overly conservative, as code-prescribed q-factors are. Thus, another key issue in the paper is to derive q-factors directly on the basis of the measured values to reproduce the overstrength, allowing for the normal force in the
piers and the masonry texture of the wall. 相似文献
924.
925.
Panagiotis A. Makris Christopher G. Provatidis Demetrios A. Rellakis 《Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization》2006,31(5):410-417
This paper reports on recent advances concerning a new method for the weight (discrete variable) optimization of frames under
both stress and multi-displacement constraints using a criterion based on the distribution of the virtual strain energy density.
The proposed methodology is based on an idea that has been previously demonstrated and successfully applied on truss structures.
The influence of each participating beam is defined through properly normalized sensitivity factors. An iterative formula,
similar to that used for trusses, is proposed for updating the second moment of inertia followed by an improvement of shape
variables (e.g. height, width, thickness) on the cross-section. The proposed method is successfully compared with the sequential
quadratic programming method and other techniques published in the most recent literatures. 相似文献
926.
斜腿刚构式桥温度应力分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
斜腿刚构式桥兼备梁和拱的特点和优势,具有良好的力学性能,但其对温度变化比较敏感,本文通过不同桥型计算分析对比,对结构受力情况进行了充分的认识,为桥型的选择和构造处理提出建议。 相似文献
927.
Tubular hydroforming has attracted increased attention in the vehicle industry recently. This paper covers a complete hydroforming process design for an instrument panel frame by finite element simulation using the explicit code LS-DYNA. The manufacturing process for the instrument panel frame consists of tube pre-bending and final hydroforming. To accomplish hydroforming process design successfully, a thorough investigation of proper combination of process parameters such as internal hydraulic pressure and axial feeding is carried out by finite element simulation to predict the tube wall thickness and shape. An optimized process parameter combination is obtained and verified by the instrument panel frame hydroforming experiment. The experiment shows that designed process parameters can be used in real production through FEA simulation, but tubular thinned amplitude by FEA is less than that with the experiment. 相似文献
928.
929.
以液体喷砂工艺在喷丝板表面处理的应用为实例,阐述其工艺机理,性,优点和产生的效益,指出该工艺投入少,、收益大,能达到与抛光、研磨相媲美的效果。 相似文献
930.