Phenols,Flavonoids, and Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Leaves and Stem Bark of Morus Species

Leaves and stem bark composition from Morus species (M. alba var. alba, M. alba var. rosa and M. rubra) was evaluated for its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in order to enhance its therapeutic uses. Total phenolics and flavonoids contents were estimated in hydromethanolic and aqueous extracts. Results showed highest content in M. rubra leaves aqueous extract (1129 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g dry weight and 816 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g dry weight, respectively). Using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay, the highest antioxidant activity was obtained in aqueous stem barks extracts. M. alba var. alba has an IC₅₀ of 2.84 mg/ml and the IC₅₀ value of M. rubra was the highest (4.78 mg/ml). ABTS^.+ (2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) method and reducing power assay were used to confirm the results from the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl test. All extracts expressed considerable free radical-scavenging properties. Hydromethanolic and aqueous extracts were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus feacalis, Staphylococcus epidermis, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella Typhimurium bacteria. Hydromethanolic stem bark extracts have the highest antimicrobial activities, and it may be a good antimicrobial agent for human gastrointestinal infections. This plant could be used as an additive to foods and also as a possible source to obtain new and effective herbal medicines to treat infections of multi-drug resistant strains of microorganisms.     

Effect of blanching on microwave freeze drying of stem lettuce cubes in a circular conduit drying chamber

Effects of boiling water and microwave blanching methods on the dielectric properties, electrical conductivity as well as microstructure of stem lettuce cubes (as a model for plant tissue) were studied. The study also focused on how different blanching methods affect microwave freeze-drying (MFD) in a circular conduit drying chamber and conventional freeze drying (FD) of stem lettuce cubes. Results showed that the electrical conductivity of samples blanched by microwave was two times higher than that of boiling water blanched ones and five times higher than that of unblanched samples. Apart from that, dielectric constant (ε′) and loss factor (ε″) of the stem lettuce cubes decreased significantly after freezing. MFD duration of microwave blanched samples was approximately 4.5 h, reduced by 30% compared to boiling water blanched ones. MFD process in a circular conduit yielded products of high quality compared to that in a tray.     

辊切梗丝成丝工艺研究

为提高梗丝工艺质量,考察了烟梗筛分、压梗、切梗厚度、膨胀强度(汽料比)、干燥方式5个工艺参数对片状梗丝和辊切梗丝质量的影响.通过增加烟梗筛分工序,取消压梗工序,增加辊切及配套松散和均铺工序,确定了辊切梗丝成丝工艺流程并进行了实际应用验证.结果表明:①增加烟梗筛分工序,能够改善片状梗丝物理质量,提高长丝率,降低整丝率、中...     

含L沸石次级结构单元的介孔分子筛的合成

以极低浓度n(CTAB)∶n(SiO₂)=0.06的阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）为模板,以具有L沸石次级结构单元的溶胶为前驱体,在碱性条件下合成介孔分子筛L-MCM-41。样品的XRD、FT-IR、N₂吸附脱附和NH₃-TPD等表征结果表明,合成出的介孔分子筛是孔壁含有L沸石次级结构单元的六方晶相结构,该介孔分子筛的孔壁厚于常规水热方法合成的MCM-41的孔壁,具有较高的水热稳定性和较强的酸性。     

介孔分子筛MCM-48固定化木瓜蛋白酶性质的研究

以介孔分子筛MCM48为载体、戊二醛作交联剂对木瓜蛋白酶进行了固定化。实验结果表明,与游离酶相比,固定化酶的热稳定性有了显著的提高,其半衰期达到了2500min以上,是游离酶(80min)的30倍以上。固定化酶的pH稳定性和储藏稳定性也有了明显改善。此外,固定化酶还具有很好的操作稳定性,经过12d的连续酶解,酶活力仍保持在初始酶活力的70%以上。     

Reconstitution of hepatic tissue architectures from fetal liver cells obtained from a three-dimensional culture with a rotating wall vessel bioreactor

Reconstitution of tissue architecture in vitro is important because it enables researchers to investigate the interactions and mutual relationships between cells and cellular signals involved in the three-dimensional (3D) construction of tissues. To date, in vitro methods for producing tissues with highly ordered structure and high levels of function have met with limited success although a variety of 3D culture systems have been investigated. In this study, we reconstituted functional hepatic tissue including mature hepatocyte and blood vessel-like structures accompanied with bile duct-like structures from E15.5 fetal liver cells, which contained more hepatic stem/progenitor cells comparing with neonatal liver cells. The culture was performed in a simulated microgravity environment produced by a rotating wall vessel (RWV) bioreactor. The hepatocytes in the reconstituted 3D tissue were found to be capable of producing albumin and storing glycogen. Additionally, bile canaliculi between hepatocytes, characteristics of adult hepatocyte in vivo were also formed. Apart from this, bile duct structure secreting mucin was shown to form complicated tubular branches. Furthermore, gene expression analysis by semi-quantitative RT-PCR revealed the elevated levels of mature hepatocyte markers as well as genes with the hepatic function. With RWV culture system, we could produce functionally reconstituted liver tissue and this might be useful in pharmaceutical industry including drug screening and testing and other applications such as an alternative approach to experimental animals.     

提高聚酯切片干燥效果的几点措施

介绍了提高聚酯切片干燥效果的几点措施。通过对BM干燥除湿系统的改进,由原来氯化锂转轮除湿,改为分子筛除湿,并对分子筛的再生温度及再生时间、预结晶的加热温度、主干燥的加热温度等工艺参数进行探讨,确定了聚酯切片干燥的最佳工艺参数。     

HPW/HY-SBA-15催化剂的制备及氧化脱硫性能研究

采用后合成法合成了HY-SBA-15复合分子筛,并以其为载体,负载不同比例的磷钨酸(HPW)制备催化剂.用XRD对HY-SBA-15复合分子筛及HPW/HY-SBA-15催化剂进行了表征,结果表明:适量磷钨酸的引入并没有改变复合分子筛的介孔结构,但会使其衍射峰的强度有所降低.以硫含量为500 μg/g模拟油进行氧化脱硫反应,考察了反应温度、反应时间、磷钨酸负载比例、剂油比、氧化剂用量等工艺条件对脱硫率的影响.研究结果表明:磷钨酸的负载量为20％(质量分数),活化温度为300℃时的HPW/HY-SBA- 15催化剂效果最好,在模拟油用量为30 mL,反应温度50 ℃,反应时间90 min,剂油比(催化剂与模拟油的质量比)为0.02,n(H2O2)∶n(S)=8,无水乙醇用量3 mL的条件下,脱硫率可达95.7％.     

清粉机筛体机械结构分析及试验研究

为掌握清粉机正常工作时筛体的应力分布规律,优化筛体的结构设计要求,采用CAE分析工具Ansys建立了FQFD49×2×3型清粉机的筛体的有限元模型,对筛体进行了强度、刚度及模态分析;通过筛体结构数值计算的结果分析了清粉机使用过程中出现漏粉现象、物料跑偏的原因;应用筛体谐响应分析的结果解释了清粉机在开、停车时晃动、跳动和撞击等现象的原因;对筛体进行的测试试验结果与数值模拟的结果基本相近,同时提出了解决问题的措施.     

基于CFD数值模拟的纸浆压力筛筛鼓棒条形状改进分析

为了提高纸浆压力筛的产量,采用CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)对压力筛筛鼓棒条周围的流场进行数值模拟。通过比较压力筛筛鼓棒条形状变化时的流场压力、湍流动能和速度云图的变化,发现棒条形状变化时,涡流的位置和大小也发生变化。在其他工作状态及结构条件不变的情况下,棒条形状改变,还会引起出口流量的变化,即棒齿宽度AB值对筛浆口流场产生一定影响,该值存在一个最优值。