介孔材料SBA-15固定化脂肪酶的研究进展

介孔材料由于其孔道分布有序且孔径均匀等优点而在固定化酶催化领域引起人们的广泛关注.本文综述了新型介孔材料SBA-15对脂肪酶固定化的研究进展.总结了SBA-15的孔径大小、形貌及等电点等因素对脂肪酶固定化的影响.归纳了SBA-15上三种不同固定化方法的优缺点,并介绍了SBA-15固定化脂肪酶在手性拆分、酯水解、酯合成及转醇化反应等领域的应用.最后提出SBA-15固定化脂肪酶在发展过程中存在的问题以及今后的发展趋势.     

分子筛结构和酸性对正丁烯异构化反应的影响

利用XRD、SEM、NH3-PTD和吡啶吸附红外光谱等手段对ZSM-35和SAPO-11分子筛的结构和酸性质进行表征和对比,考察两种分子筛对正丁烯异构化制备异丁烯反应的催化性能。结果表明,对于硅铝型ZSM-35分子筛,由于存在较强的B酸中心,在异构化反应过程中,丁烯二聚及裂解等副反应发生多,异丁烯选择性低。而SAPO-11分子筛主要以中等偏弱的B酸中心为主,加上一维十元环孔道结构,在异构化反应中更有利于异丁烯的生成,表现出更高的异丁烯选择性及收率。     

Comparison of the Performance of a Pulsed Disc and Doughnut Column with a Pulsed Sieve Plate Liquid Extraction Column

Abstract

The hydrodynamic and mass‐transfer performance of a 75 mm diameter pulsed disc and doughnut column (PDD) and a pulsed sieve‐plate column (PSP) are presented and compared for a toluene–acetone–water system under similar operating conditions. It was found that the pulsed disc and doughnut column flooded earlier than the pulsed sieve‐plate column, indicating that the total throughput per unit cross‐sectional area through the pulsed disc and doughnut column was less. At similar operating conditions (i.e., flowrates, pulse frequency, and amplitude), the mass‐transfer performance of the pulsed disc and doughnut column was higher, and its holdup higher. The mass‐transfer performance of the PSP column, when compared at similar holdup to the PDD, was found to be higher, and so it is concluded that it is a more efficient column for this system.     

载银分子筛抗菌剂的研究

探讨了真空热分解法制备载银分子筛抗菌剂过程中影响银含量的因素,并以大肠杆菌为研究对象,对载银分子筛抗菌剂的抗菌性能进行了定性和定量的检测,结果表明其对大肠杆菌具有明显的杀灭作用,且载银分子筛（银含量为2．11％）对大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度为50μg／mL。     

Ti-β分子筛催化苯酚和碳酸二甲酯合成碳酸二苯酯

通过Hβ分子筛与TiCl4发生气固相反应,经FTIR和UV Vis漫反射谱表征,证明合成的载钛β分子筛是Ti β分子筛。研究了Ti β分子筛催化苯酚和碳酸二甲酯(DMC)合成碳酸二苯酯的反应,考察了反应时间、Ti β催化剂用量以及原料配比对反应的影响,比较了Hβ分子筛、纳米TiO2以及Ti β分子筛的活性。结果表明,175℃反应10h后各物质浓度不再有很大的变化,Ti β分子筛量为5g/(1mol反应物)时比较合适,n(DMC)/n(苯酚)最优值为0 5～1。反应10h,甲基苯基碳酸酯(MPC)和碳酸二苯酯(DPC)的总收率可达10 77%。发现Ti β分子筛的骨架钛是反应的活性中心。     

氨分解制氢装置工艺设备的技术改造

介绍了氨分解制氢工艺设备的改进.改造氨汽化器,用蒸汽加热液氨替换电加热液氨;用电加热器直接加热氮气,使分子筛加热再生,改造净化系统.     

苯乙烯环氧化反应分子筛催化剂研究进展

综述了苯乙烯环氧化制取环氧苯乙烷的几种分子筛／H2O2催化体系，介绍了微孔分子筛（TS-1）、Ti-ZSM-5和Ti-ZSM-11分子筛介孔分子筛（MCM-41），β-钛硅分子筛、负载金属配合物的中孔分子筛及其在苯乙烯环氧化反应中的性能。     

An investigation of the effects of pyrolysis parameters on gas separation properties of carbon materials

A significant extension of an earlier analysis of molecular sieving carbons formed from polymeric precursors is reported for separation of important gas pairs including O₂/N₂, CO₂/CH₄ and C₃H₆/C₃H₈. Previously, it was shown that changing the time or temperature of the pyrolysis protocol for a commercially available polyimide (Matrimid^®) altered the final properties of the carbons produced. Changing the precursor material was shown in this study to also affect the final carbon material obtained for a given final pyrolysis temperature. Analysis of low temperature carbon dioxide adsorption isotherms using density functional theory was employed to characterize the microporosity of the materials. Results are given here for a totally different packing-inhibited polyimide precursor (6FDA/BPDA-DAM). Sorption, permeation and diffusion data are compared with those obtained using the more densely packed commercial polyimide precursor Matrimid^® studied earlier. Thermal soak was also investigated and the effect on permeation properties determined for carbons using both precursors. The results indicate that carbons from both precursors have size-selective ultramicropores as well as larger nonselective micropores that provide high capacity sorption sites for penetrants. High permselectivities, combined with high permeabilities are found for some of the samples when compared with conventional polymer materials. A hypothetical ultramicropore size distribution is shown to be useful to relate transport data to results from more commonly used characterization techniques such as pore size distribution analysis.     

气体分离用管状炭分子筛膜

以无机陶瓷管为支撑体、热塑性酚醛树脂为原料,经高温炭化制备了炭分子筛膜。用低温N2吸附的方法测定了炭分子筛膜的比表面积,用扫描电子显微镜对膜的形貌和厚度进行了表征。考察了膜的气体透过率以及气体的理想选择性随温度的变化关系:H2、CO2、O2、N2和CH4的透过率随温度的升高而增大;理想选择性α(H2/N2)、α(CO2/N2)、α(CO2/CH4)随温度的升高而减小,而α(O2/N2)随温度的升高先增大后减小,在90℃左右气体选择性达到最大。最后由阿累尼乌斯公式计算了气体透过炭分子筛膜的活化能,进一步说明气体透过机理为活化扩散。     

Alkylation of hydroquinone with tert-butanol over AlSBA-15 mesoporous molecular sieves

A series of AlSBA-15 catalysts with different pore size and different Si/Al ratio were prepared and characterized by N₂ adsorption and NH₃-temperature programmed desorption (NH₃-TPD) methods. Their catalytic behaviors for the alkylation of hydroquinone with tert-butanol were studied and compared with that of HZSM-5, HY, HAlMCM-41. It is found that the catalytic activity correlates well with the amount of medium-strong acid sites on the surface of the catalysts, and the selectivity towards 2-tert-Butylhydroquinone has some connection with the pore size of the catalysts. The reusability of the catalyst depends on its hydrothermal stability, which needs to be improved for the AlSBA-15 catalysts.