Influence of doping anions on the ion exchange behavior of polypyrrole

The ion exchange behavior of polypyrrole (PPy) doped with a variety of dopants (A), namely chloride, nitrate, para‐toluene sulfonate (pTS^?), and dodecyl sulfonate (DS^?), was investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry (CV) in NaCl, NapTS, and AlCl₃ aqueous solutions. The results show that PPy/pTS and PPy/DS films had the best anion and cation exchange ability, respectively. However, the ion exchange ability evaluated by CV charge cannot describe the exact amount of exchanged ions. For that reason, a new ion exchange experiment was designed to evaluate the amount of ions removed from NaCl aqueous solution to AlCl₃ or NapTS aqueous solution. In addition, the ion exchange ratio is defined as the ratio of the charge associated with ion ejection to the synthesis charge, and can be conveniently converted to operating exchange capability (OEC). The ion exchange ratio and OEC can be used to characterize and evaluate the ion exchange ability of PPy/A films in different conditions. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

D301阴离子交换树脂吸附2-酮基-L-古龙酸母液中草酸的研究

研究了分离出2-酮基-L-古龙酸母液中的草酸时,D301阴离子交换树脂在静态和动态情况下吸附草酸的过程,并利用Freundlich吸附等温方程对吸附等温线数据进行拟合。结果表明:D301树脂对草酸的平衡吸附数据符合Freundlich吸附等温方程,在293、303、313K三种温度下相关系数均大于0.99;且在pH值为6、温度313K、流速30mL/min时吸附量达到最大。这些研究为从古龙酸母液中除去或者回收草酸找到了一种有效的方法,并且可降低母液的COD值,从而降低污染。     

DX-120色谱应用梯度淋洗在核电站化学监督中的应用

建立了对核电站中含高浓度磷酸盐水样中常见痕量阴离子（氟离子、氮离子、甲酸根、乙酸根、硫酸根）梯度淋洗的分析方法.     

Facile Fabrication of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Polyquaternium-10 (PVA/PQ-10) Anion Exchange Membrane with Semi-Interpenetrating Network

Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are one of the core components of AEM fuel cells. A series of poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyquaternium-10 (PVA/PQ-10) AEMs with semi-interpenetrating networks (s-IPNs) are prepared by a simple solution-casting method using glutaraldehyde (GA) as a cross-linking agent. Subsequently, the prepared PVA/PQ-10 cross-linked membranes are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, mechanical analysis, water uptake and swelling ratio tests, ion exchange capacity (IEC) tests, ionic conductivity measurements, and oxidative/alkaline stability tests. The effects of the mass ratio of PVA and PQ-10 and the amount of cross-linking agent GA on the performance of the PVA/PQ-10 cross-linked membranes are systematically explored. The results show that the cross-linked PVA/PQ-10 AEMs have high IEC and low water uptake and swelling ratio, and its maximum ionic conductivity can reach 79.37 mS cm^–1 at 80 °C. In addition, the PVA/PQ-10 cross-linked membrane has good oxidative and alkaline stability under optimal preparation conditions. These results may provide valuable insights toward more effective scheme designs and new, simple preparation methods for AEMs with s-IPN structures.     

阴离子交换纤维对磷酸根离子吸附性能及机理研究

以含偕胺肟基团的螯合纤维为原料,经Fe(NO3)3溶液处理,制得阴离子交换纤维,以其为吸附材料,对磷酸根离子进行吸附规律研究;并采用红外光谱仪(IR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对样品进行了表征。实验结果表明,阴离子交换纤维对磷酸根离子的吸附反应符合Freundlich及Langmuir等温吸附模型,饱和吸附量为8.299 mmol/g。采用初始浓度法确定该反应为一级反应;在不同温度下对初始浓度为0.04994 mol/L的磷酸根离子进行吸附,测定了各温度下的反应速率常数,由速率常数与温度的关系得出反应的活化能Ea=22.55 kJ/mol,速率常数k=40.65 e-Ea/RT。     

粉末活性炭应急处理模拟突发LAS污染源水试验研究

论文考察了粉末活性炭预吸附对模拟突发阴离子表面活性剂(LAS)污染源水的应急处理效果,利用烧杯实验研究了粉末活性炭的炭种、投加量、吸附时间、混凝剂种类以及投加量对粉末活性炭预吸附消除LAS的影响。进行了为期约一个月,处理规模为4m3/h的中试试验,考察了常规处理对含LAS源水的处理效果,优化了活性炭投加点,并且探寻了粉末活性炭预吸附对模拟突发LAS污染源水的处理能力。烧杯实验结果表明木质活性炭对LAS的去除效果优于煤质活性炭,优化的投加量为30mg/L,吸附时间30min以上。活性炭吸附后投加混凝剂(PAC)20mg/L可达最佳效果。中试结果表明常规处理对含LAS源水处理效果差,滤后去除率低于5%。活性炭投加点宜设在常规处理前端,接触时间45min。采用粉末活性炭预吸附应急处理突发LAS污染源水,在LAS超标6倍以下,滤前出水可达标。粉末活性炭预吸附应急技术可行性高,处理费用仅0.0255元/m3,为可能突发的水源LAS污染事故应急处理提供了技术支持。     

VDACs Post-Translational Modifications Discovery by Mass Spectrometry: Impact on Their Hub Function

VDAC (voltage-dependent anion selective channel) proteins, also known as mitochondrial porins, are the most abundant proteins of the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM), where they play a vital role in various cellular processes, in the regulation of metabolism, and in survival pathways. There is increasing consensus about their function as a cellular hub, connecting bioenergetics functions to the rest of the cell. The structural characterization of VDACs presents challenging issues due to their very high hydrophobicity, low solubility, the difficulty to separate them from other mitochondrial proteins of similar hydrophobicity and the practical impossibility to isolate each single isoform. Consequently, it is necessary to analyze them as components of a relatively complex mixture. Due to the experimental difficulties in their structural characterization, post-translational modifications (PTMs) of VDAC proteins represent a little explored field. Only in recent years, the increasing number of tools aimed at identifying and quantifying PTMs has allowed to increase our knowledge in this field and in the mechanisms that regulate functions and interactions of mitochondrial porins. In particular, the development of nano-reversed phase ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (nanoRP-UHPLC) and ultra-sensitive high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) methods has played a key role in this field. The findings obtained on VDAC PTMs using such methodologies, which permitted an in-depth characterization of these very hydrophobic trans-membrane pore proteins, are summarized in this review.     

Synergy in Cystic Fibrosis Therapies: Targeting SLC26A9

SLC26A9, a constitutively active Cl⁻ transporter, has gained interest over the past years as a relevant disease modifier in several respiratory disorders including Cystic Fibrosis (CF), asthma, and non-CF bronchiectasis. SLC26A9 contributes to epithelial Cl⁻ secretion, thus preventing mucus obstruction under inflammatory conditions. Additionally, SLC26A9 was identified as a CF gene modifier, and its polymorphisms were shown to correlate with the response to drugs modulating CFTR, the defective protein in CF. Here, we aimed to investigate the relationship between SLC26A9 and CFTR, and its role in CF pathogenesis. Our data show that SLC26A9 expression contributes to enhanced CFTR expression and function. While knocking-down SLC26A9 in human bronchial cells leads to lower wt- and F508del-CFTR expression, function, and response to CFTR correctors, the opposite occurs upon its overexpression, highlighting SLC26A9 relevance for CF. Accordingly, F508del-CFTR rescue by the most efficient correctors available is further enhanced by increasing SLC26A9 expression. Interestingly, SLC26A9 overexpression does not increase the PM expression of non-F508del CFTR traffic mutants, namely those unresponsive to corrector drugs. Altogether, our data indicate that SLC26A9 stabilizes CFTR at the ER level and that the efficacy of CFTR modulator drugs may be further enhanced by increasing its expression.     

碱性燃料电池用阴离子交换膜的研究进展

阴离子交换膜燃料电池（AEMFCs）因其具有环境友好、可使用非贵金属催化剂、电极反应速率快等特点而受到广泛关注。阴离子交换膜（AEMs）是AEMFCs的核心部件,其性质决定着燃料电池的性能、能量效率和使用寿命。从具有不同骨架结构的聚合物出发,介绍了聚苯醚、聚芳醚砜、聚烯烃和聚苯并咪唑等不同聚合物骨架结构的阴离子交换膜的制备、性能和应用,同时对具有不同聚合物骨架结构的阴离子交换膜在应用方面存在的问题及应用前景进行了评论和展望。