Polarization control scheme for surface plasmon and optical guided mode control detection

A technique based on what is known as polarizer–compensator–sample–analyzer (PCSA) scheme in ellipsometry, combined with the Kretschmann configuration to excite plasmon and waveguided modes is described. The system allows the control of the polarization state of the reflected light and is shown to have higher sensitivity than the measurement of only the amplitude of the reflected light. We show the response of the system to variations in temperature and small changes in the refractive index of a liquid.     

浅谈优化电站锅炉主蒸汽温度自动调节系统设计

文章着重分析了锅炉主汽温调节对象的特点，并结合灞桥热电厂10^#锅炉主汽温调节系统的实际情况进行深入研究。系统选用T640智能型调节器。并在组态中采用常规的PID调节，还针对主汽温度系统惯性时间长的特点，采用了“超前——滞后”模块，取得了良好的效果。解决了灞桥热电厂10^#炉主汽温自动调节系统长期未能投入运行的问题，提高了自动投入率，达到了安全经济运行的目的。     

特殊场合下的温度测量技术

对于测量条件恶劣，不能用常规传感器实现的特殊场合，如高温强腐蚀性介质、真空、高温熔体及核辐射条件下的温度测量，必须开发特种专用传感器。本文阐述了钨铼热电偶等特种温度传感器的特点、性能及应用，并着重探讨了当前测温领域热点问题。铝液、铜液及熔盐等高温溶体连续测温；高温渗碳、真空粉末治金烧结炉(气)等强还原性气氛下的温度测量：流化床等流动粉体等高温强磨损条件下的温度测量技术等。实践证明，新开发的特殊场合下专用温度传感器，不仅与国际接轨，替代进口产品，而且还可以打入国际市场。     

Determination of surface heat-transfer coefficients of steel cylinder with phase transformation during gas quenching with high pressures

In numerical simulation of quenching process, the boundary conditions of temperature field and stress field are very important, in which the boundary conditions of temperature field are very complicated. In order to simulate the thermal strains, thermal stresses, residual stresses and microstructure of the steel during gas quenching by means of the numerical method, it is necessary to obtain an accurate boundary condition of temperature field. The surface heat-transfer coefficient is a key parameter. The explicit finite difference method, non-linear estimate method and the experimental relation between temperature and time during quenching have been used to solve the inverse problem of heat conduction. The relationships between surface temperature and surface heat-transfer coefficient of cylinder have been given. The non-linear surface heat-transfer coefficients include the coupled effects between phase transformation and temperature. In calculation, physical properties were treated as the function of temperature and volume fraction of constituent. The results obtained have been shown that this technique can determine effectual the surface heat-transfer coefficients during gas quenching.     

粉末冶金真空炉专用新型热电偶与在线原位校准

从粉末冶金行业的精确生产与优质高效的战略出发,简述粉末冶金行业用钨铼热电偶的特点、分类与使用。详细论述粉末冶金真空炉专用超高真空(10~5 Pa)、超高压(15 MPa)密封式热电偶及炉温均匀性测试等新型传感器。详细探讨真空炉测温准确度的影响因素:真空度、发射率、热导率、热响应时间及热电偶的插入深度、热电偶保护管的选择等;简介进口真空炉专用热电偶国产化研究,国内外温度传感器性能对比及替代进口真空炉热电偶的成功业绩。目前,对测温系统的检定,多采用分立元件法,即对构成测温系统的元件及仪表分别进行检定。此种检定方法是离线的。本文简述离线式检定方法的诸多弊端以及美国宇航标准(AMS 2750E)中,有关系统准确度校准的特点及要求。详细论述在线原位校准的最新理念,最佳的系统准确度校准方案,并开发出与其配套、行之有效的带有校准孔的热电偶及便携式在线校准仪。为了提高测温系统的准确度,建议采用在线原位校准,方便易行,现已在国内推广应用。     

TRIP带钢轧后冷却过程温度场的有限元模拟

应用有限元模拟仿真计算，对相变诱发塑性(TRIP)带钢在连轧机精轧后由850～890℃快冷至700℃，经几秒钟短暂空冷再第2次快速水冷至卷取温度400℃的冷却过程的温度进行了分析计算。分析结果得出，3mmTRIP带钢厚度方向的温差较小，而8mmTRIP带钢厚度方向温差明显增大。因此TRIP带钢在2次快速冷却后和卷取前应有适当的空冷时间以降低TRIP带钢卷取时表面和厚度方向中心处的温度差。     

Formation of structure of the CdTe film, recrystallized on Mo/glass substrate under high temperature and mechanical pressure

Large-grained and 7 μm thick CdTe film has been fabricated on top of Mo coated soda-lime glass substrate. As a new approach the dynamic recrystallization process (DRC) was used to form the structure of films. For the characterization of the structure and composition of the films a scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods were used. The changes in the structure of films were studied in accordance with the process temperature, pressure and as-deposited film thickness. Significant changes in the CdTe film were observed after DRC of deposited films at the process temperatures between 450 °C and 550 °C. EDS quantitative analysis showed that during the recrystallization the Mo and CdTe films composition remained stable for all studied samples. The XRD results showed that the increase in the process temperature caused improvement in orientation of the films along direction of (111). The DRC temperature above 550 °C reduced the orientation again. The limits of the temperature and pressure in application of soda-lime glass in DRC were found and discussed.     

新型矿用LPTC陶瓷温度传感器

利用复合方法研制出一种ＬＰＴＣ电子陶瓷材料,并经作温度敏感元件,研制出适合井下恶劣环境,精度高、寿命长的温度传感器。并对探头包封和响应时间以及传感器的动、静态特性进行了测量。     

MDYB-3有机玻璃裂纹扩展温度效应试验研究

随着对飞机性能要求的提高,对机用有机玻璃的要求愈来愈高.目前飞机舱盖玻璃表面温度在-55℃～100℃范围内变化,因此,研究飞机舱盖MDYB-3有机玻璃温度效应具有十分重要的意义.文中采用CT(compact tension)试样对MDYB-3有机玻璃在-50℃～90℃范围内进行裂纹扩展试验,研究温度对MDYB-3有机玻璃裂纹扩展速率的影响.应用线弹性断裂力学理论,分析不同环境温度下裂纹扩展速率与等效应力强度因子ΔK之间的关系.试验结果表明,MDYB-3有机玻璃随着温度升高,裂纹扩展速率减小,断裂韧度增大;低温时MDYB-3有机玻璃表现为脆性,裂纹扩展十分平滑,断面垂直于拉伸方向,温度较高时MDYB-3有机玻璃表现为粘性,裂纹扩展面凹凸不平.     

铬硅薄膜电阻的退火工艺条件研究

分析了CrSi薄膜电阻阻值的变化机理,并以此作为理论指导,开展退火工艺条件对铬硅薄膜电阻稳定性影响的实验,得到优化的退火工艺条件,可以使铬硅薄膜电阻的温度系数减小到±0.0001℃左右,大大提高了铬硅薄膜电阻的稳定性。