The Global Architectural Influences on London

London today has become ‘a laboratory and testing ground’ for neoliberal capitalism, attracting investment from the Middle East, Russia, India, the Far East and Australasia as well as the US. Murray Fraser describes the urban impact of economic globalisation in the capital, while exploring ways that it might potentially be countered. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

GA3GA4＋7对诱导巨峰葡萄产生无核及果实发育的影响

GA3与GA4 7采用2种不同浓度，在花前10d、ld和蛊花期对巨峰(Kyoho)葡萄进行无核处理，花后10d以GA3和CCPU以3种浓度组配进行膨大处理。各处理都使巨峰葡萄的无核率大幅度提高。用GA3处理比用GA4 7处理更有利于巨峰葡萄产生无核果。GA3花前1d处理对其产生的无核效应明显大于花前10d和蛊花期的处理；以花前1dGA312．5mgL^-1 盛花后10dGA3 12．5mgL^-1效果最好，其无核率可达90．91％。GA4 7对提高巨峰葡萄的座果效果比较显著，以花前1dGA4 725mgL^-1 蛊花期GA3 25mgL^-1 CPPU20mgL^-1效果比较好，座果为对照的123．1％。在巨峰葡萄上，用GA3进行处理的果实有变长的趋势，而用GA4 7进行处理的则使果实有变圆的趋势。     

基于图像评价的无核白葡萄成像系统构建

针对无核白葡萄图像的获取问题,在自制的采集平台上充分考虑了背景纸颜色、光源结构以及打光模式等因素对图像的影响,并采用主客观综合评价图像的方法对比确定各因素的最佳取值水平。结果表明,无核白葡萄机器视觉成像系统的最佳因素取值为:背景纸为白色背景纸,光源结构为条形光源-60°,打光模式为明场模式,此时的图像质量最好。     

贮藏温度对无核黄皮保鲜期和品质的影响

研究确定无核黄皮的最佳贮藏保鲜温度,为其贮运保鲜提供理论和技术基础。方法 无核黄皮经采收分拣后, 分别贮藏于不同的环境温度下,观测贮藏期间果实外观整体感观质量、色泽及主要生理和品质指标的变化。结果 较低温3~5 ℃、低温8~10 ℃下无核黄皮的总感官品质下降慢,贮藏保鲜期较长,分别达13 d和11 d,而中低温13~15 ℃下缩短至9 d,室温23~25 ℃则只有3 d。低温贮藏降低果实的呼吸和乙烯产生速率,减缓果面色泽劣变,并减缓可溶性固形物、可滴定酸和维生素C的变化,从而保持新鲜品质营养。结论 低温贮藏能有效减缓无核黄皮内外观品质的下降,温度越低,贮藏保鲜期越长。8~10 ℃是无核黄皮的最佳低温保鲜温度范围,此温度下的贮藏保鲜期为11 d。     

SOLAR DRYING OF RAISING

The drying of Sultana seedless grapes was investigated under intermittent and continuous operating conditions in a laboratory solar installation involving a thermal storage bed and an auxiliary heater. The effect of pretreatment, and of the a i r velocity on the drying rate of the grapes at constant temperature was also studied in relation t o the quality of the dried product.

Solar drying of the grapes was accomplished in 30.5 to 60.5 h of intermittent operation, or 19 to 60 h of continuous drying, involving the thermal storage bed and the auxiliary heater. The shortest drying time (19 h ) and the highest quality dried product were obtained with grapes dipped in a hot (80 C ) solution of sodium hydroxide and ethyl oleate, which were dried continuously at 42°C and 2m/s, air temperature and velocity respectively.

The mean apparent diffusivity of moisture in raisins at 6o°C and air velocity 2m/s was estimated as 1.0.10-10 m2/s.     

基于MEI方法的贴体网格FDTD方法

利用Thompson变换在任意形状的散射体外部产生共形的外部计算网络,并使FDTD计算区域的截断边界与散射体边界形状完全一致,时域不变性测试方程（MEI）方法被作为该截断边界上的局域吸收边界条件,从而大大压缩了FDTD的计算空间。数值试验结果证实,该方法可在不降低计算精度的前提下减少计算机内存需求。     

无核白葡萄多酚氧化酶特性研究

从新疆无核白葡萄中分离出多酚氧化酶（ＰＰＯ）并对其部分特性进行了研究。结果表明其最适ｐＨ为７,且在ｐＨ３处存在相对活力的４５％,最适温度为２０℃。酶催化反应动力学方程为Ｖ＝０．０９１「ｓ」／５４．０１＋「ｓ」,对「ｓ」来说属于分数级反应ｐｐｏ对儿茶素和咖啡酸的催化能力强于绿原酸和邻苯二酚,对一元酚和对间二酚,对一元酚和对间二酚不起作用。本研究为探明新疆无核白葡萄荫干过程中酶促褐变的内部原因提供了理     

Jasmonic Acid and Ethylene Participate in the Gibberellin-Induced Ovule Programmed Cell Death Process in Seedless Pear ‘1913’ (Pyrus hybrid)

Seedless fruit is a feature appreciated by consumers. The ovule abortion process is highly orchestrated and controlled by numerous environmental and endogenous signals. However, the mechanisms underlying ovule abortion in pear remain obscure. Here, we found that gibberellins (GAs) have diverse functions during ovules development between seedless pear ‘1913’ and seeded pear, and that GA₄₊₇ activates a potential programmed cell death process in ‘1913’ ovules. After hormone analyses, strong correlations were determined among jasmonic acid (JA), ethylene and salicylic acid (SA) in seedless and seeded cultivars, and GA₄₊₇ treatments altered the hormone accumulation levels in ovules, resulting in significant correlations between GA and both JA and ethylene. Additionally, SA contributed to ovule abortion in ‘1913’. Exogenously supplying JA, SA or the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid promoted ‘Bartlett’ seed death. The regulatory mechanism in which ethylene controls ovule death has been demonstrated; therefore, JA’s role in regulating ‘1913’ ovule abortion was investigated. A further study identified that the JA signaling receptor MYC2 bound the SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED 39 promoter and triggered its expression to regulate ovule abortion. Thus, we established ovule abortion-related relationships between GA and the hormones JA, ethylene and SA, and we determined their synergistic functions in regulating ovule death.     

组织培养技术在葡萄无核育种上的应用

葡萄组织培养技术，特别是胚、胚珠培养技术在无核葡萄育种研究中发展迅速。利用无核葡萄品种作母本，特别是利用假单性结实的无核葡萄品种作母本，用无核品种涂父本进行杂交，合子胚还未败育时，采用胚珠培养技术可以得到杂种实生苗．这种杂种实生苗无垓比例较高，可以达到８２％，理论上可达１００％。选择合适的亲本，掌握无核葡萄胚珠败育时期，培养基激素的选择，以及如何促进胚的萌发，是正确利用这项技术的关键。     

分束李普奇棱镜与分束汤普逊棱镜性能的比较分析

为了更好地设计和选择使用分束李普奇棱镜和分束格兰•汤普逊棱镜,本文从理论上分析了分束李普奇棱镜与分束格兰•汤普逊棱镜的分束角、分离角和光强分束比。结果表明：分束李普奇棱镜和分束格兰•汤普逊棱镜的分束角和光强分束比与棱镜的结构角和副结构角有关;对于相同的结构角和副结构角,两种棱镜的分束角相同,但它们的光强分束比不同。出射的 光与 光的分离角与副结构角有关;对于 光垂直出射的需要,选用分束李普奇棱镜设计为好;对于大分束角的需要,选用分束格兰•汤普逊棱镜设计为好。