脱水速度对‘无核白’葡萄果皮褐变和细胞超微结构的影响

为探索脱水速度对‘无核白’葡萄干制过程中细胞超微结构及褐变的影响,以新疆‘无核白’葡萄为材料,采用快速和缓慢两种脱水方式,观察‘无核白’葡萄脱水过程中细胞超微结构及褐变指数的变化。结果表明:缓慢脱水质量损失50%及快速脱水质量损失60%‘无核白’葡萄细胞线粒体、叶绿体、液泡膜等遭到破坏,同时褐变指数明显上升,因此认为,‘无核白’葡萄脱水过程中褐变与细胞区室化作用被打破密切相关。与缓慢脱水相比,快速脱水处理可以有效地抑制细胞内线粒体、叶绿体、液泡等细胞器膜结构的破坏,保持细胞膜结构的完整性,且快速脱水褐变指数显著低于缓慢脱水。研究结果可为快速脱水在‘无核白’葡萄干制中的应用提供理论依据。     

响应面法优化无核白葡萄多酚氧化酶的提取工艺

为了优化无核白葡萄多酚氧化酶的提取工艺。采用丙酮提取法、超声波辅助浸提法和缓冲溶液浸提法分别提取无核白葡萄多酚氧化酶,在单因素实验料液比、提取时间和缓冲液pH的基础上,利用响应面法优化无核白葡萄多酚氧化酶提取条件。结果表明,多酚氧化酶提取的最佳工艺为料液比1:1.8 (g/mL),浸提时间2.9 h,缓冲液pH5.8,无核白葡萄多酚氧化酶比活力为(378.12±1.3) U/mg,与模型预测值非常接近,拟合性好。采用响应面法分析,能较为准确的预测实验结果,以期为无核白葡萄多酚氧化酶纯化、性质、结构研究提供基础。     

What Happened to Ecology? John McHale and the Bucky Fuller Revival

Since the early 20th century, the environmental impulse in architecture has waxed and waned. Anthony Vidler considers this cyclical phenomenon, particularly in relation to the Independent Group in Britain during the 1950s, which culminated in John McHale's discovery of Richard Buckminster Fuller in 1955 and the full-blown Bucky Fuller revival of the 1960s. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A new method for solving the problem of the mean estimation when the underlying regression function is discontinuous

In the context of finite population survey sampling, we propose a new model-based mean estimator, when the function that links the variables is discontinuous. The available estimators of the mean based on nonparametric regression are derived under the assumption that the regression function is continuous. We propose a new approach to adjust for the effect of discontinuity on regression estimation of the mean. The performance of the proposed estimator is analysed through a simulation study because the theoretic study of asymptotics is not possible. In the literature, the new estimator requires more computational cost than others, but the simulation experiments indicate that the proposed method has higher efficiency than other traditional parametric and nonparametric regression methods.     

Differentiation in Vital Practice: An Analysis Using RMIT University of Technology and Design Interfaces With Architects

One of the most influential figures in architectural education and practice today, Leon van Schaik , Professor of Architecture (Chair of Innovation) at RMIT in Melbourne, has dedicated the last two decades of his career to the promotion of local and international architectural culture through design practice research and the commissioning of building. Here he describes how he has nurtured a research-oriented approach through his engagement with a network of ‘vital’ practitioners worldwide who are interested in strong ideas and pushing the questioning of the status quo.     

任意截面导体柱的电磁散射数值解

卡门翼形和任意多边形是两种典型的不规则形体,由于其不规则曲边和尖锐的角点,它们的电磁散射问题给传统的FDTD数值求解造成了一定的困难,这是因为要获得较高的精度,必须细分网格,从而增加内存需求和计算时间,本文利用形体变换结合时域有限差分法的Thompson-FDTD方法对这两种典型的不利形体的散射问题进行了数值模拟,其结果进一步验证了Thompson-FDTD方法对散射体几何形状变化具有较强的适应能力和较高的数值精度。     

Thompson-FDTD方法中的两步法

本文将流体力学领域的微分-Thompson变换与时域有限差分(FDTD)技术结合起来,所形成的Thompson-FDTD方法,首次用来计算和分析任意形状介质体的电磁散射特性。该方法至少具有两个明显的优点:可以把不规则形体变换成规则形体,有利于精确匹配边界条件;可以任意调配网格分布,有利于提高计算精度。其数值实现进一步证实了该方法能精确模拟任意形状介质目标的电磁散射过程。     

电子束辐照对无核葡萄干的杀灭霉菌效果及感官品质的影响

为有效控制无核葡萄干的霉菌,采用2、4、6、8、10 kGy的电子束对无核葡萄干进行辐照处理。同时,根据相关的标准,以色泽(权重为30%)、滋味(权重为35%)、气味(权重为35%)为评价指标,制订无核葡萄干的感官评价标准,并按此标准对辐照处理后的无核葡萄干进行感官品质评价。结果表明:经2 kGy辐照的样品感官评价结果与对照组无明显差异;经4、6、8、10 kGy辐照的样品感官评价结果低于对照组;无核葡萄干经6 kGy辐照,可杀灭100%的霉菌。     

火洲黑玉和品系SP87-13-3胚挽救体系的建立

以火洲黑玉和品系SP87-13-3为母本,对杂交胚珠进行胚挽救。结果表明:两个品系均在授粉后42 d取样达到最大成苗率;在花前2周喷施5 mg/L的6-BA可以提高火洲黑玉的成苗率;在继代培养基中加入CCC可以壮苗,提高移栽成活率。