石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定茶叶中铅时消解方法的选择

用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定5种不同方法消解的茶叶中铅的含量,发现不同的消解方法对茶叶中微量元素铅的测定结果影响很大,从中也探索出测量茶叶中铅最低损耗的最佳消解条件,就是采用硝酸-高氯酸微波消解方式。方法灵敏度高,加标回收率为97.94%~101.86%,适合于茶叶中铅的日常检测。     

Low Dietary c9t11-Conjugated Linoleic Acid Intake from Dairy Fat or Supplements Reduces Inflammation in Collagen-Induced Arthritis

Dietary cis‐9,trans‐11 (c9t11) conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) fed at 0.5 % w/w was previously shown to attenuate inflammation in the murine collagen‐induced (CA) arthritis model, and growing evidence implicates c9t11‐CLA as a major anti‐inflammatory component of dairy fat. To understand c9t11‐CLA's contribution to dairy fat's anti‐inflammatory action, the minimum amount of dietary c9t11‐CLA needed to reduce inflammation must be determined. This study had two objectives: (1) determine the minimum dietary anti‐inflammatory c9t11‐CLA intake level in the CA model, and (2) compare this to anti‐inflammatory effects of dairy fat (non‐enriched, naturally c9t11‐CLA‐enriched, or c9t11‐CLA‐supplemented). Mice received the following dietary fat treatments (w/w) post arthritis onset: corn oil (6 % CO), 0.125, 0.25, 0.375, and 0.5 % c9t11‐CLA, control butter (6 % CB), c9t11‐enriched butter (6 % EB), or c9t11‐CLA‐supplemented butter (6 % SB, containing 0.2 % c9t11‐CLA). Paw arthritic severity and pad swelling were scored and measured, respectively, over an 84‐day study period. All c9t11‐CLA and butter diets decreased the arthritic score (25–51 %, P < 0.01) and paw swelling (8–11 %, P < 0.01). Throughout the study, plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) was elevated in CO‐fed arthritic mice compared to non‐arthritic (NA) mice but was reduced in 0.5 % c9t11‐CLA‐ and EB‐fed mice. Interleukin‐1β and IL‐6 were increased in arthritic CO‐fed mice compared to NA mice but were reduced in 0.5 % c9t11‐CLA‐ and EB‐fed mice through day 42. In conclusion, 0.125 % c9t11‐CLA reduced clinical arthritis as effectively as higher doses, and decreased arthritis in CB‐fed mice suggested that the minimal anti‐inflammatory levels of c9t11‐CLA might be below 0.125 %.     

西藏邦铺钼铜矿区He、Ne和Ar同位素及成矿流体示踪

邦铺钼铜多金属矿区位于西藏冈底斯斑岩铜矿带东段,是典型的大型斑岩型钼铜多金属矿床。对该矿床钼铜矿体和铅锌矿体的辉钼矿和黄铁矿流体包裹体进行了稀有气体同位素测试。测试显示,辉钼矿流体包裹体中4He,20Ne,40Ar,84Kr和132Xe含量均高于铅锌矿体的黄铁矿;但部分比值前者却低于后者,3He/4He分别为0.347和5.80,21Ne/22Ne分别为0.0272和0.0458,40Ar/36Ar分别为381.9和743.3。研究认为,该矿床流体可能属壳幔混源,辉钼矿流体来源以壳源流体或大气水为主,黄铁矿流体来源以幔源流体为主。这与石英矿物流体包裹体氢氧同位素研究一致。     

Antioxidant activity and free radical‐scavenging capacity of ethanolic extracts of thyme,oregano, and marjoram

Phenolic compounds were extracted from thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) and marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) with 95% ethanol. A number of antioxidant and radical‐scavenging capacity tests were performed on the prepared extracts using colorimetric assays and model system studies. Specifically, these included determining the content of total phenolics, antioxidant efficacy in a linoleic acid‐ferric thiocyanate model system, reducing power, scavenging effect on 2,2'‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical, and hydroxyl radical‐scavenging activity by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Moreover, the efficacies of the prepared herb extracts were investigated in a real‐life food product: the stabilization of butter against oxidation.     

增效剂对油溶性茶多酚硒的抗氧化增效作用研究

在100℃恒温及黑暗条件下,采用空气自然氧化考察了维生素C、酒石酸、柠檬酸对LTP-Se在蓖麻油中抗氧化性能。结果表明m(增放剂)的添加量为0.01%、0.03%、0.05%时,对油溶性茶多酚硒抗氧化增效效果较好,m(VC)添加量为0.05%,LTP-Se添加浓度为100mg/kg的油样抗氧化生最佳。     

直孔水电站厂房后山体变形成因初步分析及对策

西藏直孔水电站厂房和进水口边坡开挖完成数月后,在厂房后边坡和进水口边坡上出现了山体变形。在对变形山体进行实地踏勘的基础上,收集和调查了相关地质与施工资料,对变形体的成因得出了初步结论,并对相应的应对措施进行了初步研究。     

Changes of trypsin in activity and secondary structure induced by complex with trypsin inhibitors and tea polyphenol

To reveal the relationships between the activity of trypsin and its structural change, changes of trypsin in biological activity induced by complex with Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitor (BBTI), Kunitz soybean trypsin inhibitor (KSTI, type I-S) and tea polyphenol (TP) were detected and their relationship with the secondary structure changes were studied by far-UV circular dichroism (CD) spectra measurement. BBTI and KSTI were also irradiated by ultrasonic to compare the effects on trypsin. The rank was found as KSTI > BBTI > TP according to their inhibitory activities against trypsin. Yet BBTI exhibited much stronger resistance against ultrasonic irradiation than KSTI. BBTI, KSTI and TP were found inactivate trypsin by modifying the secondary structures and far-UV spectrum of trypsin. Complex of trypsin with ultrasonic-treated BBTI and native BBTI and KSTI exhibited the similar modified effects in secondary structures, decrease of α-helix and β-turn content, increase of β-sheet content and unchanged random coil content basically. But complex of trypsin with ultrasonic-treated KSTI exhibited less modified effects because of inactivation by ultrasonic irradiation. The changes of trypsin in secondary structure induced by complex with TP showed different from those induced by complex with BBTI and KSTI, increase of α-helix content, decrease of random coil content and unchanged β-sheet and β-turn content basically.     

西藏萨迦县卡乌地热水的水环境效应

对西藏萨迦县卡乌村高温地热水进行实地调查,发现该地区地热水中超标(GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅱ类与WHO《饮用水水质标准》(第二版))的有害元素主要有F、B、As、Sb、Tl、Be,放射性有毒元素主要为Th、U。借助折线图、内梅罗指数法,分析冲曲河在流经该地热区前后各超标有害元素的质量浓度变化情况。结果表明,地热水严重影响了冲曲河的水质。最后,对卡乌村高温地热水的利用提出了相关建议。     

西藏燕麦主要种植区灌溉定额空间分布及影响因素

燕麦为西藏自治区典型牧草之一,由于种植区地域辽阔,灌溉试验结果受限,西藏燕麦主要种植区的灌溉定额尚不明确。本文在西藏燕麦主要种植区内选取28个典型站点进行资料收集,遵循农业气候相似原则进行区域划分,基于水量平衡法揭示了西藏燕麦主要种植区灌溉定额的空间分布特征,并根据统计学原理分析了其影响因素。研究表明:燕麦主要种植区的灌溉定额呈由西藏中部至东部呈现先递增后递减的趋势,50%水文年下的燕麦灌溉定额在56~265 mm之间变化。降雨量是影响研究区内燕麦灌溉定额的主要因素(R²为0.515),ET₀次之(R²为0.152);其它气象因素中,日照时数对研究区燕麦灌溉定额影响较大(R²为0.462),且呈正相关关系;相对湿度对燕麦灌溉定额影响较小。西藏燕麦主要种植区的灌溉定额及其空间分布可为西藏自治区灌溉用水管理提供支撑。     

易贡巨型滑坡堵江灾害抢险处理方案研究

２０００年４月９日晚８：００，西藏林芝地区波密县境内的易贡湖旁发生体积约２．８￣３．０亿ｍ＾３巨型滑坡，形成堰塞坝堵塞一条年平均流量达３７８ｍ＾３／ｓ的河流，是国内外罕见的地质灾害。分析了滑坡成因，采用危害，采用非工程措施和工程措施并重的抢险救灾预案的必要性；介绍了抢险的实施情况。科学的态度、果敢的决策、因地制宜的措施、强有力的施工手段是易贡滑坡堵江灾害事件减灾取得成功的关键。