浅议自动测试系统的校准工作

简述了集成电路自动测试系统校准方案的制订、传递与溯源方式的选择以及通过MAP方案解决IC测试设备溯源问题的试用效果。     

Traceability of olive oil based on volatiles pattern and multivariate analysis

An automated head-space solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME)-based sampling procedure, coupled to gas chromatography–ion trap mass spectrometry (GC–ITMS), was developed and employed for fast characterisation of olive oil volatiles. In total, 914 samples were collected, over three production seasons, in north-western Italy—Liguria (n = 210) and other regions—in addition to the rest of Italy, Spain, France, Greece, Cyprus, and Turkey (n = 704) with the aim to distinguish, based on analytical (profiling) data, the olive oils labelled as “Ligurian” (protected denomination of origin region, PDO) from all the others (“non-Ligurian”). For the chemometric analysis, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and artificial neural networks with multilayer perceptrons (ANN-MLP) were tested. Employing LDA, somewhat lower recognition (81.4%) and prediction (61.7%) abilities were obtained. The classification model was significantly improved using ANN-MLP. Under these conditions, the recognition (90.1%) and prediction (81.1%) abilities were achieved. The diagnostic value of the data obtained by one-dimensional GC–ITMS were compared with those generated by two-dimensional gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC–TOFMS), allowing a comprehensive analysis of olive oil volatiles.     

Seasonal variations in chemical composition and stable isotopes of farmed and wild Brazilian freshwater fish

This study examined variations in the Fulton condition factor, chemical composition, and stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen in the Brazilian freshwater fish cachara (Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum), comparing farmed and wild fish in different seasons. Values for energy, protein, moisture, and Fulton’s condition factor were higher for farmed than for wild fish in the rainy season, indicating better nutritional quality; however, these differences were not observed in the dry season. Likewise, we found significant enhancement of δ¹⁵N in farmed fish in the rainy season but not in the dry season, whereas enhancement of δ¹³C was observed in both seasons. The combined measurement of δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N provided traceability under all conditions. Our findings show that stable isotope analysis of C and N can be used to trace cachara origin, and that seasonal variations need to be considered when applying chemical and isotopic authentication of fish and fish products.     

烟草企业产品可追溯性的探讨与实践

为适应日益竞争激烈的市场需要,满足烟草加工企业对产品质量的追溯要求和企业内部管理的需要,山东中烟工业公司济南卷烟厂建立了烟草产品的追溯体系,实现烟草产品质量的全过程追溯.目前,烟草产品需要可追溯性以明确产品的身份,在生产、销售环节中,一旦发现有问题,就可追溯到原料的采购,并及时采取有效措施以纠正这些问题,以达到提高产品质量的目的.     

A systematic literature review to explore traceability and lifecycle relationship

Traceability is the ability to follow a product along its lifecycle. It ensures product safety and quality along the supply chain, managing information generated by several players. Even though regulations establish the information that has to be traced, each player generates much more product (and process) information, which could be used to add value to products, with respect to, not only traceability, but also the lifecycle approach. However, the concepts do not appear to be immediately related in scientific panorama. This paper aims to explore the relationship between traceability and lifecycle through a systematic literature review. Six industries (Software, Manufacturing, Automotive, Automation, Aircraft, and Aerospace) and seven subject areas (Software engineering; System engineering; Industry 4.0; New product development; Process management; Data Management; and Environmental sustainability) were identified through bibliometric analysis. To better explore this relationship in the context of the food industry, a content analysis on lead papers’ sample was performed to identify traceability and lifecycle definitions, methodologies and technologies and their relation. The results of the work, synthetised in a proposed research map, will be of interest to those who are approaching the subject for the first time, and for companies involved in product lifecycle management and food traceability.     

VANET中基于无证书环签密的可认证隐私保护方案

针对车载自组织网络(Vehicular ad-hoc Network,VANET)中车辆用户隐私信息保护和通信消息传输安全的问题,提出了一种可认证的无证书环签密方案。车辆通过可信机构生成的伪身份通信,有且仅有可信机构可以根据车辆节点的原始注册信息和追踪密钥确定消息发送车辆的真实身份,保证了通信的匿名性和对恶意车辆身份的可追踪性;消息发送车辆和接收车辆基于所构建的可认证环签密模型分别执行签密和解签密算法,实现了签密车辆身份和所发送消息的可认证;在随机预言模型下证明了所提方案具有机密性和不可伪造性。将所提的隐私保护方案与现有的VANET隐私保护方案进行安全性能的比较,证明了所提方案的机密性、可认证性和可追踪性等安全性较完善。通过列表比较了所提方案中环签密和解签密算法中各项运算的数量。将两种算法中双线性运算和标量乘运算的开销之和作为所提方案的计算开销,列表并进行数值分析。仿真实验基于Intel I7、3.07 GHz的硬件平台和MATLAB软件。结果表明,所提方案的计算开销远小于其余3个方案。当车辆数量增大到适用范围的上限100时,所提方案的计算开销仍小于150 ms。因此,该隐私保护方案满足了安全性和即时通信的要求,尤其适用于城市交通系统。     

P2P网络模式下测量设备溯源系统设计

本文介绍一种P2P网络结构下的分布式测量设备溯源管理系统的设计。围绕P2P网络架构的特点,分析了采用P2P结构设计本系统的主要原则和在小型分布式应用系统的实现技术。通过系统的开发实践,解决了P2P集中式架构下的节点通信、信息同步和任务协同等技术问题。实验证明,P2P网络结构下的分布式溯源管理系统较好的满足了一般企事业单位的业务需要。     

Accurate Calibration of Mercury Vapour Indicators for Occupational Exposure Measurements using a Dynamic Mercury Vapour Generator

Abstract

An accurate and rapid calibration procedure for mercury vapour indicators used for occupational exposure measurements is described, using a dynamic mercury vapour generator traceable to the standard bell-jar calibration apparatus. The method provides greater flexibility, accuracy, and trace ability than the usual methods for the calibration of mercury vapour indicators used for occupational exposure measurements. The calibration procedure allows a correction to be applied to the mass concentration value displayed by the mercury vapour indicator. Measurement results from the mercury vapour indicator at the occupational exposure limit of 25 µg ·m^?3, following calibration, have been estimated to have an expanded uncertainty of 8%.     

基于无线射频识别技术的商品猪精准养殖与管理系统设计

当前我国商品猪养殖业快速发展,但养殖设施和技术手段还比较落后。本文设计商品猪的精准养殖与管理系统,利用无线射频识别技术实现猪身份的准确快速识别,利用电子称和以太网传输技术实现猪体重和摄食量的实时采集与传输,利用可编程控制技术实现环境参数的监控,并对养殖场日常信息进行数字化管理。通过试验表明,猪身份能够准确识别,摄食量和体重能够及时准确获取,环境因子参数控制范围达到了设计要求,能够满足商品猪精准养殖与管理的需要,同时可提供商品猪养殖全过程的相关信息,供溯源查询与分析。所设计的系统为研究不同品种猪或者同一品种不同阶段的猪的采食规律、最佳饲喂效果和建立营养模型提供了第一手的资料,为猪的可溯源管理打下基础,该系统亦可以推广到其他畜禽的精准养殖过程中。     

基于PML结构文件的MapReduce算法优化*

针对目前物联网和云计算技术结合后,物联网RFID产生的小型数据致使云计算中MapReduce算法产生运算瓶颈问题进行了研究。运用PML和EPC编码技术保证了数据存储的完整,采用快速排序和改进XGrind压缩技术对于MapReduce算法进行优化。由实验获得,优化后MapReduce算法减小64%的I/O吞吐和45%的CPU耗用,同时使查询数据效率提高75%,可改善查询物联网获取的海量信息的效能。最终通过对云计算下MapReduce算法的优化,为云计算下的物联网追溯平台数据高效使用提供了技术支撑。