微型机械制冷机污染机理及控制技术

有效的污染控制是影响微型机械制冷机长寿命运行的关键因素．本文首先分类阐述了机械制冷机内各污染源的产生,然后用直接模拟蒙特卡罗方法与传质扩散方程对制冷机内部管道污染气体的传输扩散进行仿真建模,最后分析了污染气体在蓄冷器的凝结吸附以及其它因素对制冷机性能的影响,并介绍了机械制冷机的污染控制技术以及寿命预测。     

基于三角靶标的目标传递概率函数确定方法

目标传递概率函数是连接成像系统实验室度量性能与现场性能的桥梁.依据三角形方向鉴别阈值（TOD）性能度量思想,针对典型试验环境,.统计了不同距离处目标红外图像的识别概率;以三角形靶标的视觉锐度为基准,设计了无缝三角形网格划分算法,对典型识别概率的实测红外目标图像进行了等效三角形划分,确定了目标对应的等效三角形数目;然后,利用Weibull视觉心理测量函数拟合目标等效三角形样条数目与对应的识别概率数据,首次建立了基于三角形靶标的目标传递概率函数,为利用TOD曲线进行现场性能预测奠定了基础.     

LD端面泵浦的1.57μm内腔式OPO

1.57 μm波长激光为人眼安全波长激光。将KTP晶体置于一个由LD端面泵浦、声光调Q的Nd:YVO4晶体双凹谐振腔内,利用KTP表面镀膜建立了内腔式OPO,实现了重复率在5～40 kHz范围内1.57 μm脉冲激光的稳定输出。实验结果表明,激光的阈值将随声光调Q器重复率的增加而升高,重复率为5 kHz时得到最低阈值1.52 W。重复率为15 kHz、泵浦功率为3.7 W时,输出光平均功率为305 mW,脉冲宽度50 ns,峰值功率400 W。     

有效的模(2n+1)乘算法及其VLSI设计

模乘运算在剩余数值系统、数字信号处理系统及其它领域都具有广泛的应用,模乘法器的硬件实现具有重要的作用。提出了一种改进的模(2~n 1)余数乘法器的算法及其硬件结构,其输入为通常的二进制表示,因此无需另外的输人数据转换电路而可直接用于数字信号处理应用。通过利用模(2~n 1)运算的周期性简化其乘积项并重组求和项,以及采用改进的进位存储加法器和超前进位加法器优化结构以减少路径延时和硬件复杂度。比较其它同类设计,新的结构具有较好的面积、延时性能。     

基于A3967SLB的步进电机细分驱动系统设计

本文以Allegro公司推出的A3967SLB型串口控制器为步进电机细分驱动系统的硬件核心,实现了步进电机的8细分驱动。论述了上位机与基于单片机的步进电机控制系统之间的串行通信设计,给出了单片机串行通信的硬件接口电路。     

星载大气痕量气体差分吸收光谱仪数据的定标处理与存储方式研究

星载大气痕量气体差分吸收光谱仪搭载于太阳同步轨道卫星,用于获取紫外至可见波段的高光谱遥感数据,可定量监测全球痕量气体分布、变化及输运过程。为满足大量实时遥感数据的读写功能,并实现载荷数据的快速有效查找与读取要求,选择HDF5数据格式存储大气痕量气体差分吸收光谱仪获得的遥感数据。为测试数据的有效性,基于载荷在实验室获取的0级测试数据,通过暗背景扣除、增益修正、光谱定标与辐射定标等处理,获得1级遥感数据,并将其成功写入HDF5文件中,从而为载荷入轨后的处理提供数据支持。     

Vitamins as Active Agents for Highly Emissive and Stable Nanostructured Halide Perovskite Inks and 3D Composites Fabricated by Additive Manufacturing

The use of non-toxic and low-cost vitamins like α-tocopherol (α-TCP, vitamin E) to improve the photophysical properties and stability of perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs), through post-synthetic ligand surface passivation, is demonstrated for the first time. Especially interesting is its effect on CsPbI₃ the most unstable inorganic PNC. Adding α-TCP produces that the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of freshly prepared and aged PNCs achieves values of ≈98% and 100%, respectively. After storing 2 months under ambient air and 60% relative humidity, PLQY is maintained at 85% and 67%, respectively. α-TCP restores the PL features of aged CsPbI₃ PNCs, and mediates the radiative recombination channels by reducing surface defects. In addition, the combination of α-TCP and PNCs facilitates the chemical formulation to prepare PNCs-acrylic polymer composites processable by additive manufacturing. This enables the development of complex shaped parts with improved luminescent features and long-term stability for 4 months, which is not possible for non-modified PNCs. A PLQY ≈92% is reached in the 3D printed polymer/PNC composite, the highest value obtained for a red-emitting composite solid until now as far as it is known. The passivation shell provided by α-TCP makes that PNCs inks do not suffer any degradation process avoiding the contact with the environment and preserve their properties after reacting with polar monomers during composite polymerization.     

Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with a Fill Factor Over 86% via Surface Modification of the Nickel Oxide Hole Contact

The poor interface quality between nickel oxide (NiO_x) and halide perovskites limits the performance and stability of NiO_x-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here a reactive surface modification approach based on the in situ decomposition of urea on the NiO_x surface is reported. The pyrolysis of urea can reduce the high-valence state of nickel and replace the adsorbed hydroxyl group with isocyanate. Combining theoretical and experimental analyses, the treated NiO_x films present suppressed surface states and improved transport energy level alignment with the halide perovskite absorber. With this strategy, NiO_x-based PSCs achieve a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.61% and a fill factor of over 86%. The device's efficiency remains above 90% after 2000 h of thermal aging at 85 °C. Furthermore, perovskite solar modules achieve PCE values of 18.97% and 17.18% for areas of 16 and 196 cm², respectively.     

CuI Encapsulated within Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Networks with High Current Carrying Capacity and Excellent Conductivity

High current carrying capacity and high conductivity are two important indicators for materials used in microscale electronics and inverters. However, it is challenging to obtain high conductivity and high current carrying capacity at the same time since high conductivity requires a weakly bonded system to provide free electrons, while high current carrying capacity requires a strongly bonded system. In this paper, CuI@SWCNT networks by filling the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with CuI is ingeniously prepared. CuI@SWCNT shows good stability due to the confinement protection of SWCNTs. Through the host-guest hybridization, CuI@SWCNT networks exhibit a current carrying capacity of 2.04 × 10⁷ A cm⁻² and a conductivity of 31.67 kS m⁻¹. Their current carrying capacity and conductivity are significantly improved compared with SWCNT. The Kelvin probe force microscopy measurements show a drop of surface potential energy after SWCNT filled with CuI, indicating that the CuI guest molecules regulate the position of the Fermi level of SWCNTs, increasing carrier concentration, achieving high conductivity and high current carrying capacity. This study offers ideas and solutions for the regulation of high-performance carbon tube networks, which hold great promise for future applications in carbon-based electronic devices.     

Performance analysis of the forward link cdma2000 1xEV‐DO evolution for multirate services in cellular wireless system

In this paper, we propose a combined analytical and simulation framework for performance evaluation of the forward link in the cdma2000 evolution for data only (1xEV‐DO) cellular systems with throughput and spectral efficiency being used as performance metrics. A closed form expression for the aggregate average throughput is derived in terms of system‐dependent parameters and a discrete random process that reflects the stochastic behavior of the transmission channel. The random process is expressed in terms of the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the users signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio (SINR). Quantitative results for throughput and spectral efficiency are presented for a variety of users distribution models, base station antenna types and frequency reuse factors for the cases of sectorized and non‐sectorized cells. Furthermore, we study the impact of the cell radius on the system performance. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.