Scheme design considering network topology and multi-attribute decision-making for under frequency load shedding

Power system emergency control is one key defense strategy in contingencies for protecting the system from cascading blackout. Under Frequency Load Shedding (UFLS) is one such strategy to ensure system stability by shedding load to retrieve balance between power supply and demand. Novel UFLS scheme design and a scheme optimization approach are proposed in this paper to find the optimal load-shedding schemes for different network partition resulted from contingencies. To obtain all possible UFLS schemes for a certain area, a candidate scheme set design algorithm based on value assigning of scheme parameters is proposed and then a relatively complete candidate scheme set is constructed. Considering network splitting caused by protection, several subsystems may exist from the reconstruction of independent network areas. The concept of homological area is defined and a graph-based method is used to analyse system topology change. Then, a multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) algorithm is introduced for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) for global optimizing candidate schemes. Optimal schemes for an area in both isolated area and homological area cases can be derived from all feasible UFLS schemes by MADM method. Simulation results demonstrate that the UFLS schemes can effectively restore system frequency in different network topologies.     

Assessing political second screening behavior and personality traits: The roles of economic development,freedom of expression and monochromatic vs. polychromatic cultures

This study focuses on an emerging media multitasking phenomenon called second screening or dual screening. Employing two-wave panel-data from 19 countries, we test whether the Big Five personality traits help explain the use of an additional screen or device while watching political content on TV to discuss the program with others or to look up for additional information. Results show that extraversion positively predicts political second screening. In contrast, agreeableness and openness to new experience are negatively related to political second screening. Moreover, multilevel analysis is performed to test whether the between-country variation is related to economic, political and cultural indicators.     

Computational screening of anode materials for potassium‐ion batteries

Potassium ion batteries (PIBs) are promising alternatives to Li‐ion batteries due to the abundance of potassium. However, the development of PIBs is in its early stages, and only a few anode materials have been reported. Herein, we explored anode materials for PIBs using high‐throughput computational screening. The alloying and conversion reactions of prospective anode materials were investigated using the Materials Project database. Grand potential diagrams were obtained to examine the reaction potential and theoretical capacity of the anode materials. Calculation results indicated that P, As, Si, and Sb anodes exhibited high theoretical capacities. In addition, the screening results revealed that phosphides generally exhibit a lower reaction potential compared with those of sulfides and oxides. A total of 18 binary compounds that exhibited a high theoretical capacity and a low reaction potential (greater than 450 mAh/g and 0.7 V) were identified as promising anode materials for PIBs. In particular, ZnP₂, CuP₂, SiP, NiP₃, CoP₃, V₃S₄, Nb₃S₅, Bi₂O₃, and Ga₂O₃ exhibited high theoretical capacities.     

Coupled DEM-SPH simulations of wet continuous screening

During screening, a liquid stream, besides the vibration, can be applied for the acceleration of the separation. The discrete element method coupled with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (DEM-SPH) is used to numerically analyse wet continuous screening here. Within the applied DEM-SPH a new simple model for the representation of the screening surface is suggested in this study. In this model, the influence of the screening surface on the fluid is represented using external forces, which act on the SPH particles in close vicinity of the screen. A required validation of the DEM-SPH method for the analysis of a vibrated particle-laden system is performed by comparing obtained DEM-SPH results with the results derived using the DEM coupled with finite volume method. The performed simulations of dry and wet continuous screening demonstrate that flowing water, in most simulated cases, accelerates the separation of particles. The presented study demonstrates the potential of the coupled DEM-SPH method for the analysis of wet screening processes. To our best knowledge, the simulation of wet screening using a two-way coupled numerical DEM-SPH approach not resolving the flow around individual particles is demonstrated in the scientific literature for the first time.     

蓝莓红酒发酵醪中酵母菌株的筛选

采集贵州省麻江县蓝莓产区新鲜成熟蓝莓,添加40 mg/L浓度的SO2,经室温发酵后从发酵醪中分离出13个菌株.通过香气实验及酒精实验,再经过耐乙醇、耐高糖、耐低pH值、耐高温、耐SO2系列实验筛选得到5个菌株.将此5个菌株结合商业酵母71B与D254进行蓝莓红酒发酵,结果表明,其中Z2菌种发酵酒精度为7.27 ％vol,总糖为4.83 g/L,总酸为6.5882 g/L,总酯为0.669 g/L,所得酒液感官评定好,符合红酒生产菌株的条件,最终选择Z2供后续试验.     

苯并咪唑类杀菌剂分子印迹预聚体系的筛选及其吸附性能

采用沉淀聚合法制备苯并咪唑类杀菌剂的分子印迹聚合物,以其共有的母核2-氨基苯并咪唑（AMB）为模板分子,采用Gaussian软件结合核磁共振氢谱对预聚体系进行筛选,确定功能单体的种类、比例和致孔溶剂种类,通过正交试验优化分子印迹聚合物（MIPs）的最佳制备条件。采用扫描电镜、比表面积及孔隙分析仪、红外光谱仪、热重分析仪以及吸附实验对聚合物进行结构表征和吸附性能研究。基于计算机分子模拟与核磁波谱手段筛选的预聚体系为AMB-衣康酸（IA）摩尔比1:2,致孔溶剂为乙腈。通过正交试验确定了MIPs的最佳制备条件。最优条件下制备的MIPs具有良好的热稳定性,对多菌灵（CBZ）的动态吸附平衡时间为120 min,吸附过程符合二级动力学反应模型。MIPs对CBZ的静态平衡吸附量Q为8.87 mg/g,印迹因子IF为2.89。Scatchard方程分析表明MIPs存在两类吸附位点。MIPs不仅对CBZ具有良好的吸附性,对其它苯并咪唑类杀菌剂噻菌灵、阿苯达唑和苯菌灵也具有较好的吸附性。该方法合成的MIPs作为固相萃取填料对石斛多糖提取液中四种苯并咪唑类杀菌剂的脱除率均达92%以上,总糖的损失率为14.94%。     

一种5 重real-time PCR筛查转基因水稻方法的建立

以转基因水稻中最常用的CaMV35S启动子、NOS终止子、Cry1Ab/Ac基因、HPT基因及SPS水稻内标基因为研究对象,利用5 种不同的荧光信号（FAM、HEX、Taxas Red、Cy5、Cy5.5）进行多重实时聚合酶链式反应（real-time polymerase chain reaction,real-time PCR）检测方法的研究。通过引物组合筛选、反应体系优化、特异性测试、灵敏度测试、适用性测试等一系列实验,建立了5 重real-time PCR方法,灵敏度可达0.032%。此方法具有灵敏度高、结果准确、通量大等优点,可实现水稻中转基因成分的快速、高效检测。     

72种生物碱高分辨质谱数据库建立与应用

目的建立常见生物碱的高分辨质谱数据库并应用于中毒样品的自动筛查。方法将生物碱标准品溶液以流动注射方式直接导入四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱仪,或经高效液相色谱分离后进行质谱分析,得到准分子离子峰的精确质量数和合适的碰撞能量,采用HSS T3色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm),以甲醇和5 mmol/L乙酸铵-0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,电喷雾电离源正离子模式(HESI~+)和tSIM-ddMS~2模式下分析,采集生物碱的二级质谱信息,并将此质谱数据用于实际样品的自动筛查。结果获得了72种生物碱的精确分子量、保留时间、碰撞能量、碎片离子等信息并建立了质谱库,通过Full mass模式进样,仪器自动检索可快速锁定实际样品中含有的多种生物碱。结论该方法操作简便、灵敏度高,可满足中毒样品中生物碱快速自动筛查的要求。     

Validation of a lateral flow test (MRLAFMQ) for the detection of aflatoxin M1 at 50 ng l−1 in raw commingled milk

Aflatoxin M₁ contamination in dairy products is a risk when feedstuff contaminated with aflatoxin B₁ produced by moulds is consumed by milk-producing animals. Milk can be screened for aflatoxin M₁ at the European Union maximum limit of 50 ng l^?1 by a lateral flow test, the MRLAFMQ (Aflatoxin M1) Test. The method takes 15 min with no milk dilution or a sample preparation step. The lateral flow assay was validated at the Technology and Food Science Unit of the Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO-T&V) according to European Union guidelines using fortified raw milk samples. A detection capability of 50 ng l^?1 was demonstrated with a false negative rate lower than 2% at 50 ng l^?1 and a false positive rate of less than 0.3%. Quantitative readings had a mean bias of +2 to 6 ng l^?1 at 50 ng l^?1 with a standard deviation of 5–8 ng l^?1. Based on the validation results, the test could be considered appropriate for milk screening prior to milk unload at dairies.