基于失效特征的废旧零部件再制造修复方案优化研究

废旧零部件失效特征分析是再制造修复方案优化设计的重要前提。建立了一种基于失效特征的废旧零部件再制造修复方案优化模型,采用故障树提取废旧零部件的失效特征,通过损伤模型与原始CAD模型的配准,分析废旧零部件的失效状况,进而设计各失效区域的修复工艺,并以再制造成本和时间为目标,建立再制造修复方案综合优化模型,采用遗传算法进行求解。案例分析验证所提方法的有效性。     

Bio-hydrocarbons through catalytic pyrolysis of used cooking oils and fatty acids for sustainable jet and road fuel production

Used Cooking Oil (UCO) and pure Fatty Acids (FAs) derived from food processing represent sustainable feedstocks for biofuel production. The catalytic and non-catalytic pyrolysis of these residual oils is a possible pathway to advanced biofuel production, alternative to catalytic hydrotreatment, already commercially deployed in large-scale installations. The present work first carried out a literature review of previous research works in the field, which provided the key information to the following implementation of a pilot-scale dedicated experimental work aimed at producing bio-hydrocarbons from residual vegetable oils, with a special focus on paraffinic fuels. Based on the literature survey, 4 different catalysts were selected for the experimental investigation. Catalytic and non-catalytic pyrolysis of UCO was initially carried out in 1.5 kg h⁻¹ (max) feed pilot unit, operated at 500 °C, with the catalytic reactor working at 4 and 2.5 h⁻¹ Weight Hourly Space Velocity (WHSV). Liquid yields and corresponding hydrocarbon fractions were investigated: these initial results suggested to extend the study to catalytic pyrolysis of pure FAs. At T = 500 °C and with activated carbons as catalyst, the total observed hydrocarbon yield mass fraction on UCO and FA increased from 23% (UWHSV = 4 h⁻¹) to 35% (UCO, WHSV = 2.5 h⁻¹) and finally to 40% (FA, WHSV = 2.5 h⁻¹). A slight reduction in the overall liquid yield mass fraction was also observed in this last experiment with FAs (from 63% to ≈49%). Even if the current work on the pilot pyrolyser did not aim at investigating energy and process optimization, including yield maximization and catalyst lifetime, experimental results indicated that catalytic pyrolysis could be a promising way for industrial production of hydrocarbons from low quality lipid-based materials (as it is the case of UCOs) and without requiring hydrogen for catalytic hydrotreatment.     

Study of XeF2 fluorination potential against SrO,MoO3, and Nb2O5 in TG/DTA for use in reactive gas recycle

Oxides SrO, MoO₃, and Nb₂O₅, simulating parts of the Used Nuclear Fuel (UNF) matrix were fluorinated using XeF₂ to form volatile and non-volatile compounds to demonstrate the possibility of a chemical and thermal separations. Experiments were conducted using a TG/DTA instrument at the milligram quantity scale, and XRD enabled confirmation for the fluorination reaction when sample residues were present. The study of these chemistries could be incorporated into advanced separations methods to provide another possible solution for the long-term, sustainability of nuclear power as the issue of reuse and disposal of commercial fuel continues to grow.     

旧砂再生国内情况的考察报告

介绍了国内旧砂再生系统研究开发及应用的调查情况，指出了铸造厂旧砂再生的可行性与必要性，可供同行借鉴。     

化工用压缩机活塞杆过早疲劳断裂及防范对策研究

结合国内外多年来压缩机设计制造的实践，同时涉及到其他一些环节如安装施工、操作使用及管理实践等，分析研究了化工用活塞式压缩机活塞杆损坏的主要形式之一的早期疲劳断裂（特征），以及产生的原因和防范对策，并根据目前国内一些使用厂家的实际情况，提出了几点有针对性的见解和建议。     

呋喃树脂自硬砂的应用和旧砂的回用

阐述了呋喃树脂自硬砂在我厂的应用及旧树脂砂的回用。     

Exhaust emissions from a Diesel engine fueled with transesterified waste olive oil

The exhaust emissions of a Diesel direct injection Perkins engine fueled with waste olive oil methyl ester were studied at several steady-state operating conditions. Emissions were characterized with neat biodiesel from used olive oil and conventional Diesel fuel. Results revealed that the use of biodiesel resulted in lower emissions of CO (up to 58.9%), CO₂ (up to 8.6%, excepting a case which presented a 7.4% increase), NO (up to 37.5%), and SO₂ (up to 57.7%), with increase in emissions of NO₂ (up to 81%, excepting a case which presented a slight reduction). Biodiesel also presented a slight increase in brake-specific fuel consumption (lower than 8.5%) that may be tolerated due to the exhaust emission benefits. Combustion efficiency remained constant using either biodiesel or Diesel fuel. The proposed alternative for Diesel fuel could significantly decrease the enormous amount of waste frying oil, furthermore becoming less dependent on fossil oil imports and decreasing environmental pollution.     

旧砂热振再生机的研究

本文阐述了旧砂热振再生机的加热与振动相结合的工作原理,加热、振动和除尘的主要参数计算,以及加热槽、撞击槽、筛分槽、电机座等的结构设计.     

废润滑油再生工艺技术研究与应用

介绍了国内外废润滑油再生工艺技术，针对废润滑油的不同质量变化，提出了不同的常规再生方法及操作条件。     

用于包装计量的电阻应变传感器并联使用时的等效电路及输出电压的计算

包装计量的电子秤中广泛应用电阻应变传感器，而且大部分以并联方式出现。当电子秤受载时，各载荷作用点的不同使并联的传感器受力也不同，因而其输出电压无法通过各传感器受力大小计算求出，只能借助于实际测量。本文避开了各并联传感器受力分析而直接推导出电阻应变传感器并联使用时的等效电路，并以此为基础，得出输出电压的计算公式及一些有用结论。