黄瓜中溴离子的离子色谱法测定

在优化前处理方法的基础上,研究了以水为提取溶剂,SAX-SPE柱净化,AS 9-HC柱分离,电导检测器测定黄瓜中溴离子含量的离子色谱分析方法。Br-标准溶液浓度0.5~300 mg.L-1,标准曲线方程为Y=-306 756+2 639 978X,r=0.998 4,方法的最低检出浓度为0.2 mg.kg-1。样品(低于方法最低检出浓度)添加1,100 mg.kg-1Br-的平均回收率分别为98.6%,90.6%;相对标准偏差为13.47%,9.67%,准确度和精密度符合要求。测定的青岛5个菜市场黄瓜样品中溴离子浓度均低于方法的最低检出浓度。     

乙二醇再生塔操作优化

在乙二醇再生过程中,分离效果和能量消耗是两个互相制约的因素。分析影响再生塔气液平衡过程中的主要因素,研究在满足分离要求、满足生产的条件下,降低能耗、节约能源的新措施。     

高强度钢柱高温下承载力数值计算方法

为了对建筑结构中的高强度钢柱进行抗火设计和验算,研究了高强度钢柱在高温下的极限承载力数值计算方法。考虑温度对高强度钢材力学性能的影响,对常温下钢柱极限承载力计算的逆算单元长度法进行了延伸,编制了高温下高强度钢柱极限承载力计算程序。采用编制的程序对高强度钢柱在高温下的极限承载力进行了计算,将计算结果与有限元分析结果进行了比较,发现吻合较好。分析了高强度钢柱截面上残余应力的分布模式,残余应力大小和柱的初始几何缺陷对极限承载力的影响。研究表明：延伸的逆算单元长度法可以用于高强度钢柱高温下极限承载力计算,残余应力的分布模式和大小对高温下高强度钢柱的极限承载力影响很小,而初始几何缺陷对极限承载力的影响较大。     

钢筋混凝土柱-H型钢斜梁结构有限元分析

钢筋混凝土柱-H型钢斜梁结构由混凝土和钢两种性能差异较大的材料构成,其受力性能相对复杂.针对大部分设计人员采用PKPM进行该结构设计的现状,笔者将ANSYS考虑大变形、非线性的计算结果引入.分析表明,因PKPM未考虑非线性等因素,故导致相同条件下水平推力和水平位移的计算结果存在较大偏差.     

梁削弱式节点连接的侧移钢框架柱计算长度系数

根据框架柱计算长度理论,通过引入梁削弱式节点参数特性,建立了四跨三层的梁削弱式节点连接的侧移钢框架数值模型.利用ANSYS软件对梁削弱式节点连接的侧移钢框架数值模型进行了非线性屈曲分析,得到了梁削弱式节点连接的侧移钢框架柱计算长度系数.结果显示,梁削弱式节点侧移钢框架柱计算长度系数较常规节点增加1.5%～12.9%.最后,经过回归得到了梁削弱式节点连接的侧移钢框架柱计算长度系数建议公式.     

二醇柱高效液相色谱法测定人参提取液中的人参皂苷

采用二醇柱,在等度洗脱条件下,建立了高效液相色谱(HPLC)定量分析人参提取液中人参皂苷的检测方法.优化的色谱条件:LiChrospher100 Diol柱(250 mm x2 mm i.d.,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水(体积比为82∶18),流速为1.0 L.min-1,检测波长为200 nm,柱温为15℃.研究结果表明:在较低温度下,采用二醇柱分析7种主要人参皂苷,具有分析速度快,不需要梯度洗脱程序,方法简单等优点.     

全回流-全馏出与变塔压联合的间歇精馏过程

A novel operation of batch distillation-combination of varying colum pressure and total reflux-total efflux is studied experimentally. In the operation, the product is accumulated at the top of the column under total reflux and then drained off completely, and the column pressure is varying in the whole process. This process has been industrialized successfully with large profits. The conventional mode of batch distillation is improved by this method effectively: the separation eficiency and the yield of product are increased greatly, the operation time is shortened and the production cost is cut down. Moreover, the amount of condensation water is decreased and the over-high reboiler temperature is lowered.     

HYDRODYNAMIC STUDIES IN FISCHER-TROPSCH DERIVED WAXES IN A BUBBLE COLUMN

Gas hold-up and Sauter mean bubble diameter measurements were made in a 0.051 m diameter by 3 m long glass bubble column in the system, nitrogen-molten wax, with three different waxes (paraffin wax FT-300, Sasol's Arge wax and Mobil's reactor wax). Paraffin wax has a tendency to foam and gas hold-up is a strong function of gas distributor type, temperature and start-up procedure, whereas the reactor waxes do not foam and are much less affected by these variables, In experiments at 265°C with a 1.85 mm single hole orifice plate distributor the gas hold-ups were nearly the same for all three waxes. However, significant differences in Sauter mean bubble diameters were obtained in experiments with different waxes; FT-300 wax produced the smallest Sauter mean bubble diameters whereas Mobil's reactor wax produced the largest bubbles. Addition of 1-octadecanol and octadecanoic acid (up to 10wt%) to the FT-300 paraffin wax caused an increase in gas hold-up and a delay in the foam break-up in runs at 265°C with the 1.85 mm orifice plate distributor.     

Prediction of dispersed phase holdup in a modified multi‐stage bubble column scrubber

This paper reports on the experimental investigation carried out to evaluate fractional dispersed phase holdup for a gas‐liquid mixture in a modified multi‐stage bubble column (with contraction and expansion disks), which has been conceived, designed and fabricated as a wet scrubber for control of air pollution; in addition it has versatile use as a gas‐liquid contactor in chemical process industries. A correlation developed for predicting fractional dispersed phase holdup has been found to be encouraging and highly significant from statistical analysis.     

气浮塔处理含油废水的研究

在实验研究的基础上，结合单级气浮技术和多级板式塔理论，开发出两级气浮塔处理含油废水的新工艺，实现了塔釜一次曝气、多级气浮的分离。实验研究了气浮塔板的流体力学性能、布气性能及操作条件对废水处理效率的影响，结果表明二级气浮塔处理效果很好，是一种具有良好应用前景的新型含油废水处理装置。