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61.
S. Yonemochi A. Sugiyama K. Kawamura T. Nagoya R. Aogaki 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2004,34(12):1279-1285
Novel air purification materials were fabricated by the application of a magnetic field. In a magnetic field perpendicular to a copper plate, nickel particles with a diameter of 10 m were arranged to form numerous pillar-like structures on the matrix surface, and copper as a binder was deposited onto the three-dimensional surface. The total surface area of the pillars and the matrix increased with the magnetic flux density, up to about 800 cm2 per cm2 of the original matrix surface at 6.2 T. After successful codeposition of TiO2 particles on the fabricated materials by electroplating, their photocatalytic activities were evaluated on the basis of the removal efficiency of nitrogen oxides (NO
x
), which are some of the most hazardous air pollutants. It was concluded that the samples with the pillar-like structures had two opposite characteristics: large surface area as a positive effect and shadowing against ultraviolet (UV) irradiation as a negative effect. However, total photocatalytic activity increased to twice as much as that of the flat sample by improving the UV irradiation method and the preparation condition of the materials 相似文献
62.
P. Muthuswamy C. R. Ranganathan V. Murugappan P. Santhy G. Ramanathan 《Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems》1990,23(3):135-140
A mathematical model has been proposed for predicting the changes in soil nitrogen status due to continuous fertilization in a continuous cropping sequence. The model also enabled the prediction of the steady state of soil nitrogen for a specified fertilizer practice.The model was applied to six years nitrogen availability data of four fertilizer practices in finger millet-maize-cowpea sequence followed in the Long Term Fertilizer Experiments conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India. The agreement between the predicted soil nitrogen status by the model and the actuals was proved by employing reliability index. 相似文献
63.
论述了肥料中铵态氮、硝态氮、酰胺态氮和有机质氮等各种形态氮的测定意义,系统地介绍了肥料中各种形态氮的测定方法以及应用情况。 相似文献
64.
65.
Consequences of different cutting regimes on regrowth and nutrient stoichiometry of Sparganium erectum L. and Potamogeton natans L. 下载免费PDF全文
Aquatic vegetation forms an essential component in freshwater ecosystems but due to changed environmental and anthropogenic conditions often needs management to reduce nuisance for human land‐use. In this paper, the authors looked at the regrowth of two macrophyte species (Potamogeton natans and Sparganium erectum) in two lowland rivers under different cutting treatments. After an initial cross‐sectional transect was manually removed from bank to bank at the beginning of the growth season, a monthly repetitive removal of biomass in plots on that transect was done during the rest of the growth season (testing frequency of mowing). Additional new transects were also cut in subsequent months (testing timing of mowing). Finally, biomass was repetitively removed in plots in those additional transects too (testing frequency of mowing × timing of mowing). The biomass at the end of the growth season was analysed for C, N, P, and Si. It was demonstrated that timing and frequency of vegetation cutting has an important effect on the capacity and rate of species' recovery and therefore on the efficiency of the applied management. Nutrient stoichiometry of the regrown biomass was directly affected by cutting. Caused by differences in the applied timing and frequency of the cutting, C/N and N/P ratios and BSi concentrations were highly variable. Yet, overall, there was a clear tendency towards a higher C/N ratio and BSi concentration and lower N/P ratio in biomass that recovered after cutting. This human impact on the quantity and quality of autochthonous organic matter may have knock‐on effects on the decomposers food web and mineralization process. 相似文献
66.
The group-contribution method for vapor pressures of hydrocarbons and organic compounds containing nitrogen or sulfur, based on the kinetic theory of fluids, is revised and extended to include new groups containing nitrogen or sulfur. Good representation is obtained for vapor pressure data in the region 1.30-270 kPa. The method may be used to estimate vapor pressures and enthalpies of vaporization for those organic fluids containing nitrogen or sulfur, where no experimental data are available. 相似文献
67.
68.
金属离子掺杂二氧化钛及水体光催化脱氮研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了掺杂Ce^3+、La^3+、Ag^+、Fe^3+的TiO2光催化剂,以考察其薄膜和粉体形式对水中无机氮的光催化去除效果和活性.用所制备的催化剂对含氨氮-亚硝酸氮的混合液进行了光催化脱氮研究.本文利用UV—Vis吸收光谱、XRD和TEM对催化剂进行了表征.同时,对影响TiO2光催化效率的因素:如掺杂金属离子的种类、浓度、涂膜层数、反应液中有无Fe^2+、不锈钢和玻璃载体、反应器的构型等进行了探讨,并对今后的研究进行展望.经过2h紫外光照射反应,实验最佳脱氮效果:金属离子掺杂TiO2薄膜型催化剂总氮去除率在30%左右,金属离子掺杂粉末型催化剂光催化最高总氮去除率可达41.7%. 相似文献
69.
70.
Paul L. G. Vlek Moussa Y. Diakite Henning Mueller 《Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems》1995,42(1-3):165-174
By the year 2020, an additional 300 million tons of rice are needed annually to meet the demands of a growing population. If our natural resource base is to be preserved, intensification strategies should rely on integrated nutrient management, making full use of biological nitrogen fixation. TheAzolla-Anabaena complex is amongst the most effective systems of fixing nitrogen. In this paper we present evidence from greenhouse studies on the potential ofAzolla to curb the volatilization of NH3 following the application of urea to a mixedAzolla-rice culture, providing a new incentive for developing ways of integratingAzolla in intensive rice cultivation systems.The results of a series of short term greenhouse experiments show that a full cover ofAzolla can significantly reduce losses of applied urea-N from 45 and 50% to 20 and 13% for the 30 and 60 kg N ha–1 treatments, respectively. About one-quarter of the applied N was tied up in theAzolla biomass. The applied N inhibitedAzolla growth as well as the amount of N fixed. Inoculation with smaller quantities ofAzolla allowing for more vigorousAzolla multiplication was equally effective in reducing NH3 volatilization and doubled the amount of15N tied-up byAzolla. The reduction in NH3 volatilization is largely related to the depression byAzolla of the floodwater pH, which in its absence may reach values between 9 and 10 as a result of algal activity.Early rice growth responded positively to urea as well as the large quantities of appliedAzolla and increased the yield potential of the crop. Smaller quantities ofAzolla alone were not effective in this regard. The conservation of fertilizer N byAzolla, particularly when it fully covered the water, was reflected in a synergistic effect on rice dry matter production, amounting to 9% at the 30 kg N rate and 16% at the 60 kg N rate. In all likelihood this interaction is attributable to the higher efficiency of the applied N. The benefits ofAzolla in conserving basal urea-N even in small quantities (200-500 kg fresh material ha–1), outweighed competition for the applied N and may be as important as its BNF. The most promising integratedAzolla/rice management systems emerging from our studies should be given further attention under field conditions. 相似文献