纳米Cu粉末在无水乙醇中的分散与分级研究

通过测定纳米Cu-无水乙醇悬浮液的吸光度,探讨了不同量PVP对纳米Cu粉末在无水乙醇中分散性的影响,并通过加入丙酮溶剂对纳米Cu粉末进行分级。研究表明:PVP加入量为0.05g时,纳米Cu-无水乙醇悬浮液分散稳定性最好,能够稳定存在1周。在此条件下分布添加20mL丙酮溶液,PVP吸附层厚度减小,得到了不同粒径大小的、呈单分散性的纳米粉末。     

丙烯酸类共聚物超吸水树脂的合成研究

用丙烯酸（AA）和丙烯酰胺（AM）作原料,以氢氧化铝为交联剂,过硫酸盐为引发剂,通过溶液聚合法,合成了高吸水性树脂聚（丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺）（P（AA-AM））共聚物。讨论了其在蒸馏水和NaCl水溶液中的吸液性能,考察了单体配比、丙烯酸中和度、交联剂用量、反应温度、引发剂用量等条件对树脂吸水性能的影响。结果表明,最佳合成丁艺为：n（AM）：n（AA）为O．3-0．4,AA的中和度为70％,过硫酸钾和单体的质量比为0．2％-0．3％,氢氧化铝和单体的质量比为0．03％-0．05％,聚合温度为55-60℃。测得的吸水倍率为1050g／g。     

AM/OADMAC二元共聚高吸水树脂的制备与性能研究

以辛烷基烯丙基二甲基氯化铵（OADMAC）和丙烯酰胺为原料,过硫酸钾为引发剂,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,反相悬浮聚合法合成具有抗菌性能的高吸水性树脂.得到最佳条件：x（交联剂）=0.2%、x（OADMAC）=2.4%、n（引发剂）：n（总单体）=1：2000、v（油）：v（水）=3：1、反应温度80℃、反应时间3 h.在此条件下制备的共聚树脂在室温吸去离子水达自身质量的561倍,吸w（NaCl）=0.9%水溶液达64.7倍;共聚树脂对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和白色念珠菌等微生物菌株均有杀灭和抑制其生长的作用,树脂中季铵基团的含量越高,树脂的抗菌效果越好.     

Superabsorbent polymeric materials VII: Swelling behavior of crosslinked poly[sodium acrylate‐CO‐trimethyl methacrylamido‐propyl ammonium iodide] in aqueous salt solutions

A series of xerogels based on sodium acrylate (SA), cationic comonomer trimethyl methacrylamidopropyl ammonium iodide (TMMAAI), and N,N‐methylene‐bis‐acrylamide (NMBA) were prepared by inverse suspension polymerization. The water absorbency and the swelling behavior for these highly absorbent polymers in deionized water and various saline solutions were investigated. Results indicated that the water absorbency increased when a small amount of TMMAAI monomer was introduced into the SA gel. The water absorbency decreased with increase in TMMAAI content, but the contrary result was observed for initial absorption rate. Moreover, with more crosslinking agent, the water absorbency was lower. Finally, the adsorption of copper ion by these gels was also investigated. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 1749–1759, 2000