复层药物丝素膜中药物的释放

讨论了药物丝素膜采用动态或静态释放法对膜中药物释放的差异性,并采用动态释放法测定了复层丝素膜对模型药物乙酰水杨酸及利福平的释放,实验结果表明,复层药物丝素膜比单层药物丝素膜在释放液中初始释放浓度稍大,释放时间延长,更符合药物缓释制剂的要求。     

柠檬酸三丁酯、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯的合成进展

概述了柠檬酸酯增塑剂中两个主要品种柠檬酸三丁酯和乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯的催化合成进展。介绍了固体超强酸、稀土固体酸,杂多酸等催化剂的催化效果和特点。指出高效,无毒,无公害的催化剂的是今后研究的重点。     

对氯苯乙酮合成工艺的研究

本工作以新的方法合成了对氯苯乙酮 ,克服了传统合成法的缺点 ,并用重结晶法去除了邻位副产物 ,产品纯度可达 99.5 %以上。     

对甲基苯磺酸催化合成三乙酰没食子酸

以没食子酸与乙酸酐为原料,对甲基苯磺酸作催化剂,合成三乙酰没食子酸,考察了原料配比、催化剂用量、反应时间、反应温度对产品的影响。结果表明,酰化反应较佳的工艺条件是：n（没食子酸）∶n（乙酸酐）∶n（对甲基苯磺酸）=1∶2∶0.5,反应时间为1.5 h,反应温度为60℃,此时三乙酰没食子酸的收率为77.58%。     

乙酰乙基纤维素的热致液晶性能及其与PA6原位复合的研究

将乙基纤维素乙酰化制备乙酰乙基纤维素。用ＮＭＲ，ＩＲ测定了ＡＥＣ的乙酰取代度，用ＤＳＣ，ＨＳＰＬＭ研究了ＡＥＣ的热致液晶性能，织构与Ａ－ＤＳ的关系。在此基础上研究了ＰＡ６／ＡＥＣ原位复合单丝的形态结构和力学性能，证明一定条件下ＡＥＣ对ＰＡ６有明显增强作用，总取代度增大是主要作用机制。     

乙酰溴法测定富含多酚类化合物的桉木木素

研究了用乙酰溴法测定富含多酚类化合物的桉木材及其浆中的木素含量。结果表明，此方法准确、简单可行。     

两种不对称卟啉的合成及其结构的确证

合成了两种新的不对称卟啉试剂。通过元素分析、可见光谱、红外光谱、核磁共振及其乙酰化衍生物、金属铜配合物的制备、确证了其结构。     

对氯苯氧乙酰胺衍生物的合成

以对氯苯酚、氯乙酸和二氯亚砜为原料,制得对氯苯氧乙酰氯,在5～10℃,用吡啶作为催化剂,在干燥的苯溶剂中,将N 甲基苯胺、吗啉、邻氟苯胺分别与对氯苯氧乙酰氯反应,反应结束后,分出油相,依次用15%的Na2CO3、10%盐酸和水洗涤,无水MgSO4干燥,用乙醇和水混合溶剂重结晶,得到相应的对氯苯氧乙酰胺衍生物。并用元素分析,核磁共振谱对其结构进行了表征。     

Novel carboxymethyl derivatives of chitin and chitosan materials and their biomedical applications

Chitin and chitosan are natural biopolymers that are non-toxic, biodegradable and biocompatible. In the last decade, chitin and chitosan derivatives have garnered significant interest in the biomedical and biopharmaceutical research fields with applications as biomaterials for tissue engineering and wound healing and as excipients for drug delivery. Introducing small chemical groups to the chitin or chitosan structure, such as alkyl or carboxymethyl groups, can drastically increase the solubility of chitin and chitosan at neutral and alkaline pH values without affecting their characteristics; substitution with carboxyl groups can yield polymers with polyampholytic properties. Carboxymethyl derivatives of chitin and chitosan have shown promise for adsorbing metal ions, as drug delivery systems, in wound healing, as anti-microbial agents, in tissue engineering, as components in cosmetics and food and for anti-tumor activities. This review will focus on the preparative methods and applications of carboxymethyl and succinyl derivatives of chitin and chitosan with particular emphasis on their uses as materials for biomedical applications.     

The effects of modafinil treatment on neuropsychological and attentional bias performance during 7-day inpatient withdrawal from methamphetamine dependence.

The cognitive benefits of modafinil to patients undergoing 7-day inpatient withdrawal from methamphetamine (MA) dependence were examined as part of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial. Recent evidence has identified modafinil-related improvements in treatment outcomes for MA-dependent patients; however, the benefits to cognition function, which is critical to treatment success but known to be impaired, has yet to be examined. The first 20 participants recruited to the study were administered either 200 mg of modafinil (once daily) or placebo, and a neuropsychological test battery (including an MA version of the emotional Stroop task) at admission (n = 17) and discharge (n = 14). Follow-up interviews were conducted at 1-month postdischarge (n = 13). After participant withdrawals (3 in each group), treatment was associated with a significant improvement in immediate verbal memory recall and nonsignificant trend toward improvement on executive function and delayed memory tasks. No benefit was seen for measures of verbal learning, visual memory, processing speed, or verbal fluency. All participants showed a significant attentional bias for MA-related stimuli on the emotional Stroop task. The magnitude of bias predicted both retention in treatment and relapse potential at follow-up but was not significantly ameliorated by modafinil treatment. While nonsignificant, the effect sizes of modafinil-related improvements in executive function and memory were consistent with those found in more robustly powered studies of cognitive benefits in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia, supporting the need for further research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)