通过检测β-HCG评价贝克曼全自动化学发光免疫分析仪的主要性能

目的:通过检测血清人绒毛膜促性腺激素β亚基(β-HCG),对贝克曼ACCESS 2全自动化学发光免疫分析仪(Beckman ACCESS 2 ACUI)的主要分析性能进行验证与评价。方法:根据美国临床实验室标准协会(CLSI)的相关EP文件,采用Beckman ACCESS 2 ACUI检测血清β-HCG,对本院Beckman ACCESS 2 ACUI的主要性能(精密度、正确度、线性范围、生物参考区间等指标)进行验证。结果:Beckman ACCESS 2 ACUI检测的批内精密度范围为0.99%~4.25%,均<1/4TEa。检测的批间精密度范围为1.27%~5.39%,均<1/3TEa。检测10个编号室间质评样本的正确度偏倚分别为-8.52%,5.39%,-8.17%,-6.01%,6.15%,5.11%-4.02%,4.54%,-11.68%和-6.18%,均<1/2TEa。线性范围验证的回归直线方程Y=0.9965x+75.3870,R2=0.9993,相关性良好。参考区间验证结果显示40例样本检测β-HCG结果均小于5.0mIU/mL,符合β-HCG试剂盒提供参考区间(<5.0mIU/mL)的要求。结论:本院Beckman ACCESS 2 ACUI检测的精密度、正确度、线性范围、生物参考区间均符合行业标准要求,可将该检测系统用于本实验室的常规检测,为本院临床诊断提供准确可靠的检测结果。     

Mono- and dinuclear silver(I) complexes of benzene- and pyridine-bearing 20-membered thiaoxaaza macrocycles

Two 20-membered penta- and hexadentate macrocycles containing one or two pyridine subunits, namely [20]aneNO₂S₂ (L¹) and [20]aneN₂O₂S₂ (L²), have been synthesized. Reaction of L¹ with silver(I) nitrate afforded a unique 2:2 (M:L) disilver(I) complex [μ₂-Ag₂(L¹)₂](NO₃)₂ (1) in which two four-coordinate Ag atoms bridge two ligands to form a cyclic dimer. In contrast, an endo-dentate 1:1 monosilver(I) complexes [AgL²]X; [X = ClO₄ (2) or PF₆ (3)] which show isomorphous structures were obtained from the reactions of L² with silver(I) salts.     

Genetic diversity and its geographic structure in Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera; Curculionidae) across India – implications for managing phosphine resistance

The rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae, is a serious global pest of stored grains. Fumigation with phosphine gas is the primary control method for S. oryzae, but the indiscriminate and prolonged use of phosphine gas has led to the development of heritable resistance. Developing and implementing an effective phosphine resistance management strategy for S. oryzae relies on an understanding of its genetic diversity and any structuring of that diversity geographically. We therefore sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene from 143 S. oryzae specimens collected from 37 locations across India, and from that assessed the genetic diversity of the species and its phylogeographic structuring. In addition, we compared the genetic diversity in Indian S. oryzae populations (the hypothesised origin of this beetle) to global populations. Genetic diversity was low in Indian S. oryzae, with only eight haplotypes (including two very common haplotypes) identified. The low level of mitochondrial diversity observed in this species appears typical of stored product pests, perhaps suggesting that low mitochondrial diversity is associated with repeated phosphine fumigations, which may eliminate low frequency haplotypes. The genetic diversity of S. oryzae in India is, however, higher than in many other countries, though comparable levels were identified in China. There was no evidence of population genetic structure across India, with most haplotypes found in three of the broad biogeographic regions. This lack of phylogeographic structuring indicates significant gene-flow across India, most likely through the incidental anthropogenic transport of this relatively poor (or reluctant) flyer. The major practical implication is that phosphine resistance management for S. oryzae needs to be dealt with country wide, as populations are not isolated.     

Gut Microbial Fatty Acid Metabolites Reduce Triacylglycerol Levels in Hepatocytes

Hydroxy and oxo fatty acids were recently found to be produced as intermediates during gut microbial fatty acid metabolism. Lactobacillus plantarum produces these fatty acids from unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid. In this study, we investigated the effects of these gut microbial fatty acid metabolites on the lipogenesis in liver cells. We screened their effect on sterol regulatory element binding protein‐1c (SREBP‐1c) expression in HepG2 cells treated with a synthetic liver X receptor α (LXRα) agonist (T0901317). The results showed that 10‐hydroxy‐12(Z)‐octadecenoic acid (18:1) (HYA), 10‐hydroxy‐6(Z),12(Z)‐octadecadienoic acid (18:2) (γHYA), 10‐oxo‐12(Z)‐18:1 (KetoA), and 10‐oxo‐6(Z),12(Z)‐18:2 (γKetoA) significantly decreased SREBP‐1c mRNA expression induced by T0901317. These fatty acids also downregulated the mRNA expression of lipogenic genes by suppressing LXRα activity and inhibiting SREBP‐1 maturation. Oral administration of KetoA, which effectively reduced triacylglycerol accumulation and acetyl‐CoA carboxylase 2 (ACC2) expression in HepG2 cells, for 2 weeks significantly decreased Srebp‐1c, Scd‐1, and Acc2 expression in the liver of mice fed a high‐sucrose diet. Our findings suggest that the hypolipidemic effect of the fatty acid metabolites produced by L. plantarum can be exploited in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases or dyslipidemia.     

N-甲酰-L-天冬氨酸酐的合成研究

N-甲酰-L-天冬氨酸酐是合成阿斯巴甜的中间体,为了减少副产物的生成,探索出工业生产中最佳的反应条件。以甲酸、乙酸酐和L-天冬氨酸为原料,氧化镁为催化剂,合成N-甲酰-L-天冬氨酸酐。探讨了反应温度、反应时间、甲酸、乙酸酐和催化剂的用量对反应收率和产物熔点的影响。结果表明,最佳的反应条件为:反应温度50℃,反应时间5 h,物质的量比n(氧化镁)∶n(甲酸)∶n(乙酸酐)∶n(L-天冬氨酸)=0.01∶1.2∶2.5∶1.0,此时产物的纯度较好,收率为85.5%。     

大豆分离蛋白亚基及7S/11S比例对肉肠品质的影响

通过采用不连续的十二烷基磺酸钠?聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,对所选不同大豆品种中蛋白质的亚基组成及其比值(7S/11S)进行了测定,得出品种间差异对蛋白质亚基组成的变化影响较明显。然后将所选大豆品种添加到肉肠中,通过测定肉肠品质(质构、凝胶强度、得率),将其与亚基组成及7S/11S分别进行相关分析,得出各亚基对肉肠品质参数的影响显著程度各不相同。其中α-亚基和A3酸性亚基与肉肠的硬度、弹性、咀嚼性、凝胶强度均呈现显著负相关性;β-亚基与肉肠的硬度、咀嚼性、凝胶强度均呈现显著正相关性,与弹性呈现极显著的正相关性;7S/11S与肉肠的弹性呈现极显著的正相关性,与咀嚼性和凝胶强度均呈现显著的正相关性,但与硬度的相关性不显著,与得率呈现显著的负相关性。     

芳基丙酮类α-溴代物合成方法研究进展

对芳基丙酮类α-溴代物的合成进行了综述。查阅、分析、归纳有关文献。我国芳基丙酮类α-溴代物的合成具有一定的基础。芳基丙酮类α-溴代物合成条件的优化,必将为芳基丙酸类药物的研发和市场销售额的增长起到积极作用。     

机载单站多目标定位航迹规划研究

多目标航迹规划是指侦察飞机在机载单站无源定位过程中,根据侦收到的多个目标信号方向、威胁等级和飞机本身机动能力的限制,计算出最优飞行航迹,并跟随该航迹同时完成多目标定位任务。首先建立了机载单站无源定位中的探测模型、控制模型和航迹规划模型;然后提出一种基于评价函数和扩展α法的多目标航迹规划算法;最后进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明该方法的有效性。     

Acetyl CoA carboxylase shares control of fatty acid synthesis with fatty acid synthase in bovine mammary homogenate

The objectives of this research were to determine the flux control coefficients for acetyl CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase using an in vitro preparation of bovine mammary homogenate. For an enzyme to be considered rate limiting with the use of metabolic control analysis, its control coefficient would be equal to unity. The hypothesis for this experiment was that the control coefficient for acetyl CoA carboxylase was not equal to unity, and that this enzyme was not, therefore, the rate-limiting step. Mammary tissue was isolated from lactating Holstein cows at slaughter and frozen in liquid nitrogen. Tissue was ground, homogenized, and centrifuged to obtain a postmitochondrial supernatant for use in in vitro incubations containing labeled acetate. Specific inhibitors for acetyl CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase were used to fractionally inhibit de novo synthesis for the calculation of flux control coefficients. The composition of fatty acids synthesized in the absence of enzyme inhibitors was similar to the composition of fatty acids in the presence of inhibitors. Calculations following avidin inhibition of acetyl CoA carboxylase determined the flux control coefficient was 0.63 ± 0.15, which means that 63% of the control of fatty acid synthesis is exerted by acetyl CoA carboxylase. The remaining control (37%) was from fatty acid synthase, which indicates a significant degree of control over the flux of acetate in de novo synthesis resides with this enzyme. The rate-limiting status ascribed to acetyl CoA carboxylase was not supported, because the flux control coefficient was less than unity. Metabolic control analysis, through its use of pathway product measurements, allows for potential interactions in the pathway such as feedback inhibition contribution to the flux control coefficients, which would not otherwise be considered in studies measuring enzyme kinetics with purified enzymes.