Poly(butylene succinate)/poly(vinyl phenol) blends. Part 1. Miscibility and crystallization

Miscibility has been investigated in blends of poly(butylene succinate) (PBSU) and poly(vinyl phenol) (PVPh) by differential scanning calorimetry in this work. PBSU is miscible with PVPh as shown by the existence of single composition dependent glass transition temperature over the entire composition range. In addition, the polymer–polymer interaction parameter, obtained from the melting depression of PBSU using the Nishi–Wang equation, is composition dependent, and its value is always negative. This indicates that PBSU/PVPh blends are thermodynamically miscible in the melt. Preliminary morphology study of PBSU/PVPh blends was also studied by optical microscopy (OM). OM experiments show the spherulites of PBSU become larger with the PVPh content, indicative of a decrease in the nucleation density, and the coarseness of PBSU spherulites increases too with increasing the PVPh content in the blends.     

Isolation,identification, and function of the Dufour gland secretion ofXylocopa virginica texana (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae)

The Dufour's gland secretion ofXylocopa virginica texana possesses short-term repellency for conspecifics when applied to passion flowers. This secretion contains a number of straight-chain hydrocarbons. The two major components are the methyl esters of palmitic and myristic acid. A mixture of the two esters and two of the available hydrocarbons were as effective as the Dufour's gland extract in eliciting a response in females to the passion flower,Passiflora incarnata, to which the extract was applied.Approved as TA13387 by the Director, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station and conducted in cooperation with the USDA. Supported in part by NSF-DEB-76-03963.     

以淀粉为原料的化工制品

综述了以淀粉为原料而得到的多种化学品的性质和应用。淀粉来自可更新资源，具有良好的可获得性，而且价格低廉，因此某些以淀粉为原料所得到的化学品与来自其他资源的化学品(例如石油化学品等)相比，具有较多的优越性。重点介绍的这类化学品有：表面活性剂、超强吸水剂、可生物降解塑料、絮凝剂和粘结剂等。     

Investigation of the Influence of Fillers on the Properties of Poly(vinyl acetate) Adhesives

The properties of poly(vinyl acetate) compositions prepared as potential wood adhesives were investigated. The paper presents the results of the influence of various kinds of inorganic fillers based on calcium carbonate and alumino-silicate and an organic filler, starch, on the adhesive composition properties. The comparison among rheological behavior of the adhesive dispersions concerning the specific role of fillers were made. Mechanical and relaxation properties of the adhesive films could reveal the effect of filler characteristics on the polymer matrix. The significant influences of particle size distribution and specific surface area on the poly(vinyl acetate) adhesive composition were determined, along with other filler characteristics.     

快固化淀粉粘合剂的研究

介绍了快固化玉米淀粉粘合剂的制备工艺,对制备参数进行了优化,可使粘合剂的初粘速度和干燥速度显著提高。     

4-氟-2-氯苯胺的合成研究

介绍了以 4 氟苯胺为原料 ,通过乙酰化、氯代、水解三步制备 4 氟 2 氯苯胺的方法 ,对主要的影响因素作了考察并得出结论 :乙酰化反应温度应小于 30℃ ;氯代中 2 /SO2 Cl2为 1∶0 9(mol/mol)时较好 ;在水解阶段盐酸浓度控制在 4mol/L较佳 ,4 氟 2 氯苯胺的纯度大于 99% ,总收率达到 70 %     

超滤-反渗透集成工艺处理玉米酒糟废水

研究了玉米酒精生产过程中产生的玉米酒糟废水的膜分离过程,开发了处理玉米酒糟废水的超滤-反渗透集成工艺。超滤选用截留相对分子质量为6 000的GR81PP膜平板分离器,入口压力控制为0.6 MPa,操作温度为50℃;反渗透选用标准脱盐率为90%的ESNAI-4040卷式膜分离器,入口压力控制为2.2 MPa,操作温度为40℃。反渗透透过液中蛋白质的平均截留率为94.70%,甘油的平均截留率为65.15%,COD值降到1 000 mg/L左右,可作为工艺回用水,而且反渗透浓缩液中可回收甘油等有用物质,超滤浓缩液可浓缩成饲料,节能效果显著。     

利谷隆在玉米及土壤中的残留动态

采用高效液相色谱分析技术测定了利谷隆在玉米及土壤中的残留动态和最终残留量。喷施50％利谷隆可湿性粉剂（2812.5g a．i.／hm^2）测出在玉米植株上的残留量较低，施药后14d的残留量仅为0．08mg／kg；土壤中的原始沉积量为7．02mg／kg，半衰期为2．1d，据施药后第14d采样，消解率为72％。利谷隆属于易降解农药。     

4,5-二甲基-1,2-二苯胺的合成工艺改进

以3,4-二甲基苯胺为原料,合成了4,5-二甲基-1,2-二苯胺,产品收率达69%以上。在乙酰化、硝化反应中引入了1,2-二氯乙烷溶剂。用正交实验确定了最佳原料配比:n(3,4-二甲基苯胺)∶n(醋酸酐)∶n(硫酸)=1.00∶1.15∶1.10,硝化反应温度为13°C,反应时间为3.5h,硝化产物收率为90.56%,溶剂回收率95%以上。改进后,每摩尔母体的醋酸酐用量由303g减少至118g,浓硫酸用量由304g减少至108g。     

改性淀粉与丙烯酸接枝共聚物的合成及应用性能

研究经过热处理的改性淀粉与丙烯酸的接枝共聚反应。接枝共聚产物在 790cm-1、85 0cm-1(物理改性淀粉的特征吸收峰 )和 172 0cm-1(聚丙烯酸的特征吸收峰 )处的红外光谱验证了接枝共聚反应的发生。探讨了引发剂过硫酸铵浓度、丙烯酸浓度、反应温度和反应时间等因素对接枝率和接枝效率的影响。当 ρ(淀粉 ) =70 g/L、t =6 0℃、反应时间为 3h、c〔(NH4) 2 S2 O8〕 =3 0× 10 -3 mol/L、c(丙烯酸 ) =0 4 2mol/L时 ,合成胶粘剂的初粘力为 10 0 % ,吸水率为 15 0 14 % ,吸油率为 2 0 6 % ,其压制的纸板冲击强度为 3 2 5kN/m ,拉伸强度为 3 75MPa ,与纯淀粉粘接剂相比较 ,所压制纸板的应用性能得到较大的改善。