放电声发射波检测中数据预处理的小波分析实现

研究了放电声发射波检测中用小波变换进行数据预处理的实现问题。内容包括小波分析预处理的步骤 ,选择小波 ,选择小波分解层数 ,提取有用频段的小波系数 ,小波消噪过程 ,小波消噪中的阈值选取 ,对提取的小波系数进行小波消噪等。两组实测信号的小波分析数据预处理结果证明了数据预处理的有效性     

几种总氰化物预处理方法的比较及离解机理的探讨

考察研究了９种预处理体系对８种常见金属氰络合物的离解效率，结果表明：有６种预处理体系均能得到较满意的结果。此外，还探讨了预处理体系中金属氰络合物的离解机理，提出了各种存在形式氰化物离解的可能机理。     

反渗透海水淡化技术应用

简要回顾了反渗透技术的发展过程及应用状况．针对国内典型反渗透海水淡化工程实例，分析了一期、二期不同工艺、设备的技术特点，并针对相关海域的海水水质介绍了海水预处理技术以及存在的问题．     

预处理剂对陶瓷膜表面性质及渗透通量的影响

考察了不同预处理剂对陶瓷膜表面性质及渗透通量的影响,结果表明:表面活性剂的加入,使陶瓷膜表面的负电性以及亲水性得到提高,膜渗透通量从100L/(m2·h)提高到200L/(m2·h);碱式氯化铝中Al3+在膜表面的吸附,导致膜表面呈现正电位,相应的膜渗透通量只有50L/(m2·h);吸附剂对渗透通量的影响主要体现其在乳化废水中表面电位的不同,呈负电性的二氧化硅有利于渗透通量的提高,而呈正电性的氧化铝会导致膜通量的下降.     

预处理啤酒酵母菌对铀的吸附研究

对啤酒酵母菌进行预处理，期望增加其吸附铀的能力。介绍了各种酸、碱、有机物等对啤酒酵母菌预处理的影响，讨论了NaHCO3浓度、吸附时间等条件对处理前、后的啤酒酵母菌吸附铀的影响。结果表明，啤酒酵母菌用0．1mol／LNaHCO3。预处理后，其吸附铀的能力显著增加，最大吸附量约为238mg／g，而未处理时的最大吸附量为196．1mg／g。     

难选金矿细菌预处理技术理论与实践

论述了预处理难选金矿细菌的种类、来源，浸出机理，浸出工艺及工业应用实践．归纳介绍了强化难选金矿细菌浸出的措施．     

碳纤维表面处理对单向C/C复合材料强度的影响

通过对碳纤维表面进行适当的氧化处理 ,改善纤维 /基体之间的界面结合 ,能在复合材料中得到较好的纤维强度利用率 ,提高材料性能。本文在不同条件下对碳纤维进行液相氧化和空气氧化处理 ,并测定了所制备的单向 C/C复合材料的强度 ,研究了不同氧化工艺条件对复合材料拉伸强度的影响 ,对采用氧化后纤维制备材料断裂机制的改变进行了讨论 ;研究发现液相氧化处理对 C/C复合材料的性能影响较为显著。     

Valorization of Eucalyptus wood by glycerol-organosolv pretreatment within the biorefinery concept: An integrated and intensified approach

The efficient utilization of lignocellulosic biomass and the reduction of production cost are mandatory to attain a cost-effective lignocellulose-to-ethanol process. The selection of suitable pretreatment that allows an effective fractionation of biomass and the use of pretreated material at high-solid loadings on saccharification and fermentation (SSF) processes are considered promising strategies for that purpose. Eucalyptus globulus wood was fractionated by organosolv process at 200 °C for 69 min using 56% of glycerol-water. A 99% of cellulose remained in pretreated biomass and 65% of lignin was solubilized. Precipitated lignin was characterized for chemical composition and thermal behavior, showing similar features to commercial lignin. In order to produce lignocellulosic ethanol at high-gravity, a full factory design was carried to assess the liquid to solid ratio (3–9 g/g) and enzyme to solid ratio (8–16 FPU/g) on SSF of delignified Eucalyptus. High ethanol concentration (94 g/L) corresponding to 77% of conversion at 16FPU/g and LSR = 3 g/g using an industrial and thermotolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain was successfully produced from pretreated biomass. Process integration of a suitable pretreatment, which allows for whole biomass valorization, with intensified saccharification-fermentation stages was shown to be feasible strategy for the co-production of high ethanol titers, oligosaccharides and lignin paving the way for cost-effective Eucalyptus biorefinery.     

Effect of sodium silicate pretreatment on phosphate layer: Morphology and corrosion resistance behavior

Phosphating is a widely adopted treatment in industry for many purposes. In this paper, carbon steel was pretreated with sodium silicate before phosphating. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electrochemical measurements were used to evaluate the pretreatment effect by sodium silicate on the phosphating layer. The results demonstrate that the phosphate layer pretreated by sodium silicate has a better corrosion resistance as compared with the un‐pretreated ones. More compact and uniform coatings composed of finer crystals were obtained with the pretreatment of sodium silicate.     

Effects of pretreatment and various operating parameters on permeate flux and quality during ultrafiltration of apple juice

The central composite design with a quadratic model was used to investigate the effect of temperature (20–40 °C) and transmembrane pressure (TMP) (100–300 kPa) as well as pretreatment with gelatin and bentonite (0:0–300:1500 mg L^?1) on permeate flux and fouling resistance during ultrafiltration of apple juice. The changes in some physicochemical properties were also investigated. Pretreatment of apple juice with gelatin and bentonite and an increase in the temperature and TMP significantly improved the permeate flux. In general, physicochemical properties of apple juice other than polyphenolics were not affected by the applied parameters. Using 150 mg L^?1 of gelatin and 750 mg L^?1 of bentonite for fining significantly reduced the total phenolic content and so did the fouling resistance. Fouling resistance also decreased with increasing temperature, and increasing pressure increased the fouling resistance.