丙烯腈光聚合研究

研究偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)作光引发剂引发丙烯腈(AN)的光聚合,探讨了单体浓度、引发剂浓度、光照时间和环境温度对单体转化率、聚合物黏均相对分子质量的影响。总结出光引发剂C60-(SR)n(C60负载引发-转移-终止剂)与常规光引发剂AIBN引发AN光聚合的区别。     

聚(丙烯腈/醋酸乙烯酯)/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的流变性能

研究了聚(丙烯腈/醋酸乙烯酯)/蒙脱土[P(AN/VAc)/Clay]纳米复合材料的溶解特性及其在二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)溶剂中的流变性能。结果表明,P(AN/VACc)/Clay在溶液纺丝时最佳的溶剂为DMA; P(AN/VAc)/Clay-DMA溶液的非牛顿流动指数小于1,溶液为假塑性流体;当溶液质量分数为12%-13%、温度为130-150℃时,P(AN/VAc)/Clay-DMA溶液的纺丝性能最佳     

丁腈橡胶、腰果油改性酚醛树脂的研究

以丁腈橡胶粉和腰果油改性酚醛树脂为改性剂，通过对多种原料、橡胶助剂、摩擦性能调节剂的研究和配方筛选，制得高性能载重汽车刹车片内衬材料。该材料磨耗低、抗冲击强度高、硬度和摩擦系数适中、高温抗热衰退明显，生产过程中可省去投资大、能耗高的密炼工艺，具有重要的工业价值。     

Chemical modification of polypropylene fibers grafted vinyl imidazole/acrylonitrile copolymer prepared by gamma radiation and its possible use for the removal of some heavy metal ions

The chemical modification of polypropylene (PP) fibers by graft copolymerization with vinylimidazole (VIm) and acrylonitrile (AN) was carried out using γ‐radiation. Preparation conditions, such as irradiation dose, comonomer concentration and composition and type of solvent, affecting the degree of grafting were investigated. The suitable diluent for obtaining reasonable graft VIm/AN copolymer yield was acetone. The higher grafted yield was achieved by increasing the amount of vinylimidazole in comonomer feed solution as well as irradiation dose. The derivatives of PP‐g‐P(VIm/AN) grafted fibers of different functional groups were obtained by treating the grafted fibers with various organic reagents containing reactive amino groups, such as sulpha‐drug compounds, aliphatic‐ and aromatic amines. Characterization of the obtained graft copolymers and their chemical treatments with different amines was also investigated. It was observed that the nitrile group in PP‐g‐P(VIm/AN) polymer undergoes simple addition reaction via nucleophilic interaction mechanism to produce the corresponding PP‐graft‐P(vinylimidazole/acrylomidine) derivatives. The ability of the grafted fibers and their treated forms to absorb some metal ions as Cd, Hg, and Pb from their individual and mixture solutions was evaluated. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009.     

Ceric‐initiated free radical graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile onto kappa carrageenan

The polysaccharide, kappa carrageenan (kC), was modified using ceric‐initiated graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) under inert atmosphere in a homogeneous aqueous medium. Grafting was confirmed using FTIR spectroscopy, solubility test, elemental analysis, acid hydrolysis, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). kC‐graft‐poly(AN) products had a higher thermal stability than kC as revealed by TGA analysis. The polyacrylonitrile branches were isolated by acidic degradation of the carrageenan main chains and characterized by size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Residual monomers were not found by HPLC in graft copolymers stored even for longer periods. The effect of various factors affecting on grafting, i.e., concentration of the initiator, monomer, and polysaccharide as well as the reaction time and temperature were studied by conventional methods to achieve the optimum grafting parameters. The graft copolymerization reactions were kinetically investigated using semi‐empirical expressions and a suitable rate expression has been derived. According to the empirical rates of the polymerization and the graft copolymerization of AN onto kC backbone, the overall activation energy of the graft copolymerization reaction was estimated to be 20.96 kJ/mol. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

N,N-二(2-氨基乙基)-1,3-丙二胺的合成

将二乙烯三胺与乙酸乙酯回流,二乙烯三胺的伯氨基被酰基保护后,仲胺基与丙烯腈进行加成,然后用RaneyNi催化水合肼还原腈基,水解脱酰基,得N,N-二(2-氨基乙基)-1,3-丙二胺。TLC检测每一步反应,总收率67.4%。对中间体和目标产物进行了1H NMR和元素分析表征。     

Viscoelastic properties of blends of poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) having various acrylonitrile contents

Dynamic viscoelastic properties of blends of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) (SAN) with various AN contents were measured to evaluate the influence of SAN composition, consequently χ parameter, upon the melt rheology. PMMA/SAN blends were miscible and exhibited a terminal flow region characterized by Newtonian flow, when the acrylonitrile (AN) content of SAN ranges from 10 to 27 wt %. Whereas, PMMA/SAN blends were immiscible and exhibited a long time relaxation, when the AN content in SAN is less than several wt % or greater than 30 wt %. Correspondingly, melt rheology of the blends was characterized by the plots of storage modulus G′ against loss modulus G″. Log G′ versus log G″ plots exhibited a straight line of slope 2 for the miscible blends, but did not show a straight line for the immiscible blends because of their long time relaxation mechanism. The plateau modulus, determined as the storage modulus G′ in the plateau zone at the frequency where tan δ is at maximum, varied linearly with the AN content of SAN irrespective of blend miscibility. This result indicates that the additivity rule holds well for the entanglement molecular weights in miscible PMMA/SAN blends. However, the entanglement molecular weights in immiscible blends should have “apparent” values, because the above method to determine the plateau modulus is not applicable for the immiscible blends. Effect of χ parameter on the plateau modulus of the miscible blends could not be found. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

丙烯腈、醋酸乙烯酯分析新方法的研究

本文研究一种一次性即可快速有效测试釜内和空间丙烯腈、醋酸乙烯酯浓度的新方法。摒弃了先前在测定丙烯腈、醋酸乙烯酯浓度时必须两种物质分别独立操作的方法,既减轻了工人的劳动强度,又为公司节约了资金。本方法适于腈纶生产厂釜内和空间丙烯腈、醋酸乙烯酯浓度的测试。     

乳液聚合丁腈橡胶聚合过程的稳态模拟

运用美国Aspen Tech公司研发的Polymer Plus软件模拟乳液聚合丁腈橡胶生产中聚合部分的流程,通过对热力学参数的拟合和反应动力学参数的调整,建立了牌号为N41的丁腈橡胶聚合部分的模型。8个反应釜的模拟结果表明转化率、丙烯腈结合率和数均相对分子质量均符合乳液聚合机理的特性,与生产现场实验室分析结果能较好地吻合,相对误差在4%以内。将此热力学和动力学参数系统应用于牌号为N32的丁腈橡胶的模拟过程中,对参数的准确性进行考察,结果表明反应模型具有较好的适应性,模拟结果与实验室分析结果的相对误差在5%以内。     

α-MSAN共聚物的组成对PMMA/α-MSAN共混物相容性的影响

采用乳液聚合技术合成了一系列配比不同的α-甲基苯乙烯和丙烯腈共聚物粉料（α-MSAN）,将其与聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)熔融共混,利用透射电镜(TEM)和动态力学黏弹谱仪(DMA)考察了PMMA/α-MSAN共混物的相容性。结果表明,当α-MSAN共聚物中丙烯腈含量为15 %～25 %时,α-MSAN与PMMA形成相容体系,其相容性随丙烯腈含量的增加而变好;当丙烯腈含量大于30%时,共混物均为不相容体系。