3，3’，5，5’-四甲基联苯胺的合成研究

以2,6-二甲基苯胺为起始原料,经过成盐、溴化、水解及偶联反应合成了3,3’,5,5’-四甲基联苯胺,4步反应总收率46.56%。产品经^1HNMR表征。该方法具有操作简单、成本低等优点,适合工业化生产。     

苯胺绿分子印迹聚合物制备条件对识别能力的影响

本文研究了在以苯胺绿为模板分子,α-甲基丙烯酸( MMA)和2-乙烯基吡啶为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯( EGDMA)为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,乙腈和四氧呋喃为溶剂分别在热引发和光引发的条件下合成以孔雀石绿为模板分子的印迹聚合物的实验过程中,通过选择不同配比的反应物,分析了各种合成条件对印迹聚合物识别能力的影...     

N-苯基吡咯烷的微波合成工艺研究

以苯胺和1,4-丁二醇二甲磺酸酯为原料,在缚酸剂存在条件下发生微波反应,生成N-苯基吡咯烷。采用单因素实验及正交实验法考察了溶剂、缚酸剂、温度、时间、原料配比、功率对反应收率的影响,获得最佳的工艺条件：以水做溶剂,碳酸钾做缚酸剂,反应温度100 ℃,时间60 min,原料配比：n(苯胺)∶n(1,4-丁二醇二甲磺酸酯)∶n(碳酸钾) = 1:1.3:1.3,微波功率200 W时,收率可达78.6 %。该工艺条件具有反应迅速、条件温和、处理简单、产品纯度高、环境友好等优点,具有较好的工业化应用前景。     

N-苯基吡咯烷的微波合成

以苯胺和1,4-丁二醇二甲磺酸酯为原料,在缚酸剂存在下微波反应生成N-苯基吡咯烷。采用单因素实验及正交实验法考察了溶剂、缚酸剂、温度、时间、原料配比、功率对反应收率的影响,获得最佳工艺条件为:以水作溶剂,碳酸钾作缚酸剂,反应温度100℃,辐照时间60 min,原料配比:n(苯胺)∶n(1,4-丁二醇二甲磺酸酯)∶n(碳酸钾)=1∶1.3∶1.3,微波功率200 W,在该条件下收率可达78.6%。该工艺条件具有反应迅速、条件温和、处理简单、产品纯度高、环境友好等优点。     

4-氨基苯甲酸的合成工艺研究

以苯胺为原料,经酰基化、溴仿两步反应合成得到了目标产物,并采用IR、1HNMR和13CNMR对产物结构进行了表征。探讨了酰基化反应时催化剂AlCl3用量、反应温度及反应时间对4-氨基苯乙酮产率的影响,以及溴仿反应中反应温度、反应时间和滴加4-氨基苯乙酮速率对产物产率的影响。在最佳合成条件下,标题化合物的产率可达94.0%。本合成方法降低了工艺要求,减少合成步骤,提高了产率。     

苯胺一步合成反应体系的热力学分析

设计了7种苯在温和条件下一步胺化合成苯胺的反应体系,通过计算每个体系的吉布斯函数值,判断体系是否能自发进行。其中以氨水为胺化剂、双氧水为氧化剂的反应体系过程推动力最大,为294.427kJ/mol。讨论了该体系在不同反应条件下的标准吉布斯函数值,平衡常数和平衡转化率。结果表明:该体系能自发进行,在所讨论的温度范围内,其平衡常数很大,苯的平衡转化率接近100%。     

GC-MS法检测车用汽油中的甲缩醛、碳酸二甲酯和N-甲基苯胺

采用GC-MS联用法,对车用汽油中含有的非常规添加物甲缩醛、碳酸二甲酯和N-甲基苯胺进行了定性筛查和定量检测。其中,定性分析采用全离子扫描、与标准物质保留时间对照及与标准物质的特征离子图对比等方法;定量分析采用特征定量离子提取结合内标法。同时考察了汽油本底对这3种化合物定性检测和定量测定的影响。实验结果表明,3种化合物的回收率在95.83%～101.11%之间,相对标准偏差小于5%,定量数据准确可靠;各组分含量在2%(w)以内,线性响应良好;甲缩醛和碳酸二甲酯的检测限为0.01%(w),N-甲基苯胺的检测限为0.1%(w)。该方法重复性和再现性均能满足常规分析要求。     

苯胺、CO_2和甲醇合成苯氨基甲酸甲酯的热力学分析

苯胺、CO2和甲醇合成苯氨基甲酸甲酯是一个绿色化学反应。采用基团贡献法估算了反应体系中部分组分的基础数据,在此基础上对该反应进行了系统的热力学分析。结果表明,在标准状态下,主反应为放热反应,不能自发进行。对各分步反应的热力学分析可知,以二苯基脲为中间产物的反应路径较易实现。     

Aniline in vegetable and fruit samples from the Canadian total diet study

An isotope dilution method based on solvent extraction followed by GC–MS analysis was developed and used to determine aniline in vegetable and fruit samples collected from the Canadian total diet study. Aniline was not detected in any of the 23 vegetable samples from the 2005 total diet study at a method detection limit of 0.01 mg kg^–1. Among the 16 fruit samples, it was detected only in apple samples, with an average concentration of 0.278 mg kg^–1. Aniline was not detected in apple samples collected in the 2002, 2003, 2006 or 2007 total diet studies, but it was detected in the apple samples collected from the 2001 and 2004 studies, at concentrations of 0.085 and 0.468 mg kg^–1, respectively. The average aniline concentration for the 2001, 2004 and 2005 apple samples was 0.277 mg kg^–1. Good repeatability of the method was observed with replicate analysis of apple samples, with relative standard deviations (RSD) ranging 3.8–21% and an average of 11%.     

新筛选菌种Delftia sp.XYJ5生物降解苯胺的途径

A promising gram-negative bacterial strain for the biodegradation of aniline as the sole carbon, nitrogen and energy sources was successfully isolated and identified as Delftia sp. XYJ6. The optimal temperature and pH for both the growth of Delftia sp. XYJ6 and the biodegradation of aniline were 30°C and 7.0, respectively. Initial aniline of 2000 mg•L－1 could be completely removed by the strain at 22 h, which showed that Delftia sp. XYJ6 had a strong ability in the biodegradation of aniline. It indicated that aniline was firstly converted to catechol catalyzed by aniline dioxygenase as a first product, which was then further biodegraded to cis,cis-muconic acid catalyzed by the catechol 1,2-dioxygenase of Delftia sp. XYJ6 as a second product. Cis,cis-muconic acid could also be further biodegraded to other small compound again. The pathway for the biodegradation of aniline by Delftia sp. XYJ6 was not previously reported.