链霉素人工抗原及多克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

通过研究链霉素(SM)人工抗原的合成和多克隆抗体的制备,建立链霉素残留的免疫分析方法。以氧-缩甲基羟胺肟化链霉素的醛基,引入羧基,再用碳二亚胺法将半抗原与蛋白质载体连接,合成免疫原SM-cBSA。用戊二醛法合成包被原SM-OVA。用紫外扫描、SDS-PAGE分析偶联情况,计算得链霉素与cBSA、OVA的分子偶联比分别为7.6:1与17.7:1。经动物免疫获得效价为1:40000的链霉素多克隆抗体,采用间接竞争ELISA测定IC50为3.32ng/mL,与双氢链霉素的交叉反应率为105.21%,与同类的其他药物均无交叉反应。     

酪蛋白糖巨肽通过树突细胞发挥免疫调节作用的初步研究

研究用酪蛋白糖巨肽(CGMP)刺激体外培养的小鼠骨髓源树突细胞,观察CGMP对树突细胞成熟的影响,初步探讨CGMP作为功能性食品对免疫的调节作用。实验选用6～8周雄性C57BL/6小鼠,分离培养小鼠骨髓细胞,用重组小鼠白细胞介素-4 (rmIL-4)、重组小鼠粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(rmGM-CSF)诱导其分化,在培养的第6天,分别加入RPMI1640完全培养基作为空白对照, 脂多糖(LPS)为阳性对照和0.1、1、10μg/mL的CGMP 3个实验剂量。培养至第8天收集细胞,进行三色荧光标记,用流式细胞仪检测细胞表面标志：CD11c、CD80、CD86、MHC-Ⅱ。另一方面将第8天的树突状细胞(DCs)和T淋巴细胞共孵育进行混合淋巴细胞反应,96h后用Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8)检测T淋巴细胞的增殖。结果表明：3个剂量的CGMP均具有刺激DCs成熟的作用,其中CGMP为1μg/mL时,DCs的各种成熟标志均达到最高水平,其中,CGMP对MHC-Ⅱ的刺激作用最为强烈,而MHC-Ⅱ在DCs对外源抗原的提呈中发挥重要作用;混合淋巴细胞反应结果显示各个不同浓度CGMP作用的DCs均具有不同程度的刺激T淋巴细胞增殖的能力,并且DCs:T为1:10时T淋巴细胞的增殖作用最明显。     

沙门氏菌的血清分型及分子鉴定研究进展

沙门氏菌(Salmonella)是常见的食源性致病菌,该菌属型别繁多。沙门氏菌血清型的划分对菌株的分类与鉴定有着重要的意义。本文主要介绍了沙门氏菌的O抗原、H抗原和Vi抗原的特性及结构特征,阐述了多种分子鉴定方法在血清分型检测中应用的进展情况,这些方法大多是以PCR为基础建立的,如多重PCR、基因芯片、高分辨率熔解曲线技术等,使用的引物是根据沙门氏菌的O抗原、H抗原和Vi抗原的编码基因设计的。此外,本文还介绍了两种高通量鉴定方法,通用探针沙门氏菌血清分型法和PremiTest沙门氏菌分型法,但是这两种方法的探针设计比较复杂,使用的设备较为特殊,不易推广。环介导等温扩增(LAMP)方法是等温扩增方法之一,虽然简单、快速、灵敏,但是只适合于单一血清组或血清型的检测。     

鼠疫组分疫苗F1抗原、rV抗原含量的检测及其质量控制

目的采用双抗体夹心ELISA法检测鼠疫组分疫苗中F1和rV的抗原含量。方法利用F1、rV抗原单克隆抗体,对鼠疫组分疫苗原液进行抗原鉴别试验;分别应用F1、rV抗原双抗体夹心ELISA法对疫苗原液进行抗原定量检测;验证A(l OH)3佐剂吸附抗原的完全性;将疫苗成品于4℃放置18个月,分别于1和18个月时取样,用建立的双抗体夹心ELISA法检测F1和rV抗原含量,分析抗原的稳定性;对3批鼠疫菌rV抗原原液3步纯化工艺进行验证。结果鼠疫组分疫苗原液中的F1和rV抗原具有良好的反应原性;用建立的双抗体夹心ELISA法检测4批F1和rV抗原原液中F1和rV抗原的含量与Lowry法检测结果的误差均在±20%以内;4批鼠疫组分疫苗离心后的上清液中均未检测到F1和rV抗原,表明A(lOH)3佐剂吸附抗原完全;4℃保存18个月,疫苗中的F1和rV抗原含量稳定;3批鼠疫菌rV抗原原液经阴离子交换层析、疏水层析、凝胶过滤层析3步纯化,rV抗原在纯度增加的同时,抗原含量也增加。结论已建立的F1、rV抗原双抗体夹心ELISA法可用于鼠疫组分疫苗中F1和rV抗原的定量检测。     

Apoptosis Signaling Is Altered in CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) T Regulatory Lymphocytes in Pre-Eclampsia

The aim of our study was to estimate the surface expressions of CD95 (APO-1/Fas) antigen and the intracellular expressions of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and pro-apoptotic protein Bax in CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) T regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs) as well as the percentage of CD8(+)CD28(+) T cytotoxic cells in peripheral blood of patients with pre-eclampsia in comparison with healthy pregnant women in the third trimester of physiological pregnancy. Twenty-four women with pre-eclampsia and 20 normal third trimester pregnant women were included in the study. The lymphocytes were isolated from peripheral blood samples and labeled with monoclonal antibodies. The expressions of surface antigens and intracellular proteins were estimated using flow cytometry. The population of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) Treg cells was significantly lower in peripheral blood of patients with pre-eclampsia when compared to normal third trimester pregnant women. The percentages of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) Treg cells that express Bcl-2 protein were significantly lower in peripheral blood of patients with pre-eclampsia when compared to healthy pregnant women, whereas the percentages of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) Treg cells with the expressions of Bax protein did not differ in both groups. Moreover, the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of Bcl-2 protein in CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) Treg cells was significantly lower and MFI of Bax protein significantly higher in pre-eclampsia when compared to the control group. The percentage of CD8(+)CD28(+) T cells did not differ in both studied groups but MFI of CD28 antigen on T CD8(+) cells was significantly higher in pre-eclampsia when compared to the control group. The obtained results suggest that the deficit of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) Treg lymphocytes which is observed in pre-eclampsia may be associated with altered apoptosis signaling in Tregs.     

新霉素酶联免疫检测方法的研究——新霉素抗体的制备

以碳化二亚胺作为偶联剂,分别将新霉素(Neomycin,NEO)和牛血清白蛋白(Bovine serum albu-min,BSA)、血蓝蛋白(Keyhole limpet hemocyanin,KLH)进行偶联,得到偶联产物BSA-NEO和KLH-NEO。对BSA、KLH、NEO及其偶联产物BSA-NEO、KLH-NEO进行红外光谱分析,结果显示偶联产物的红外光谱中同时存在载体蛋白和NEO的特征吸收峰,初步证明偶联成功;将偶联产物BSA-NEO和KLH-NEO作为新霉素免疫抗原,分别免疫新西兰大白兔,成功获取新霉素抗血清,间接ELISA法测得抗血清效价可达1.28×105以上。     

玉米赤霉烯酮多克隆抗体的制备及特性分析

合成玉米赤霉烯酮半抗原,应用液相色谱-质谱联用法进行鉴定,并采用活泼酯法将半抗原与载体蛋白OVA或BSA偶联,分别作为免疫原或包被原,并通过SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)和紫外扫描法鉴定偶联效果,免疫3只BALB/c小鼠,制备玉米赤霉烯酮多克隆抗体。结果表明:抗血清效价最高达1∶32 000,以此多抗建立的玉米赤霉烯酮间接竞争标准曲线IC50为39.8ng/mL,IC10为0.71ng/mL,多抗与玉米赤霉烯酮类似物β-zearalenol、zear-alanone、α-zearalanol、β-zearalanol交叉反应率分别为4.80%,3.07%,0.96%,0.09%。说明试验成功制备了玉米赤霉烯酮人工抗原及高特异性多克隆抗体。     

丙烯酰胺多克隆抗体的制备

通过活化酯法制备了三种丙烯酰胺人工抗原并进行动物免疫,得到高效价抗体,经测定三种抗血清效价分别为1∶32000、1∶40000、1∶80000.比较三种人工抗原,使用对巯基苯甲酸衍生方法获得的抗体对衍生产物表现了很高的特异性,经测定针对1μg/mL衍生产物的抑制率达到80.7％,而针对丙烯酰胺及对巯基苯甲酸均无交叉反应.本研究为建立快速检测食品中丙烯酰胺残留的ELISA方法奠定基础.     

豆粕中抗营养因子检测技术研究进展

豆粕蛋白质含量高,营养成分比较平衡,是单胃动物很好的日粮蛋白源,在动物饲料中的应用有着广阔的发展前景。但是,豆粕中存在的大豆抗原蛋白(致敏因子)、低聚糖、植酸以及致甲状腺肿素等多种抗营养因子极大限制了其推广应用。介绍了豆粕中3种主要抗营养因子检测方法的研究进展和应用效果,对其存在的问题进行了总结,并对未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

Neurological Immunotoxicity from Cancer Treatment

The emergence of immune-based treatments for cancer has led to a growing field dedicated to understanding and managing iatrogenic immunotoxicities that arise from these agents. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) can develop as isolated events or as toxicities affecting multiple body systems. In particular, this review details the neurological irAEs from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapies. The recognition and treatment of neurological irAEs has variable success, depending on the severity and nature of the neurological involvement. Understanding the involved mechanisms, predicting those at higher risk for irAEs, and establishing safety parameters for resuming cancer immunotherapies after irAEs are all important fields of ongoing research.