轴流式转轮三元粘性流动数值计算

为进一步提高轴流式转轮的设计精度与性能,采用时均Navier-Stokes控制方程,标准k-ε湍流模型及SIMPLEC算法,对一轴流定浆式水轮机转轮内三元粘性流动进行了数值模拟。提出了水力损失计算方法,获得了转轮的预测效率。分析了转轮内部流场分布规律,建立了叶片表面压力在包角范围内的变化曲线,有助于认识转轮内真实流动现象,为改善设计提供可视化数据支持。     

用丝束电极研究混凝土中钢筋腐蚀的不均匀性

用8×8阵列丝束电极模拟研究了混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀.将混凝土试样浸泡在10 %NaCl溶液中,通过测量铁丝束电极的自腐蚀电位和极化电阻,获得了在相同埋置深度和不同埋置深度时,铁丝腐蚀的电位、极化电阻和腐蚀速度分布等信息,研究了混凝土结构和氯离子浓度对它们的影响.结果表明,混凝土中铁丝腐蚀不均匀.自腐蚀电位和极化电阻较分散,电位随时间负移、极化电阻变小,丝束之间的电位差增大.随铁丝埋入深度增加,电位负移量、氯离子浓度和腐蚀速度都减小、极化电阻增加     

强流脉冲离子束表面再制造技术原理与应用

采用TEMP-6型强流脉冲离子束(HIPIB)装置开展了HIPIB表面再制造技术的研发.HIPIB装置主体由高压脉冲电源系统和高功率离子二极管系统组成,通过高压短脉冲在二极管中放电产生阳极等离子体并引出ns级强流离子束.HIPIB辐照材料表面,发生显著的熔融、蒸发和剧烈烧蚀,物质喷射的反冲作用在辐照表面形成由表及里的应力波,导致材料表层强烈的热-力学效应.利用HIPIB与材料表面的相互作用,应用于涡轮叶片表面的清洗维修,可有效去除涡轮叶片基体因高温氧化形成的氧化物,伴随表层的重熔将叶片基体表面微观缺陷焊合,获得了光滑、平整的涡轮叶片修复表面.实现了HIPIB辐照在涡轮叶片表面再制造方面的应用.     

调速控制的轴流式通风机最小能耗运行条件的研究

针对轴流式通风机调速节能的问题 ,从通风机全压方程入手 ,利用最优控制原理 ,推导出了调速控制的轴流式通风机最小能耗运行条件 ,为此类通风机调速节能运行提供了理论依据     

Electron beam welding of Re and BT5-1 titanium alloy

Based on the binary alloy phase diagram of Re-Ti, the weldability of Re and BT5-1 titanium alloy was analyzed. Using two methods of direct electron beam welding （EBW-D） and intergradafion electron beam welding （EBW-I）, Re and BT5-1 was welded. Experimental results show that the joint figuration of EBW-D between Re and BT5-1 is not fine, and the joint is inclined to brittleness rupture. The joint figuration of EBW-I between Re and BT5-1 is fine. No cracking and other disfigures occur in the intergradation joint. The element distribution of Re, Me, and Ti in the weld metal is progressional diversification.     

Nanostructured component fabrication by electron beam-physical vapor deposition

Fabrication of cost-effective, nano-grained net-shaped components has brought considerable interest to Department of Defense, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and Department of Energy. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the versatility of electron beam-physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) technology in engineering new nanostructured materials with controlled microstructure and microchemistry in the form of coatings and net-shaped components for many applications including the space, turbine, optical, biomedical, and auto industries. Coatings are often applied on components to extent their performance and life under severe environmental conditions including thermal, corrosion, wear, and oxidation. Performance and properties of the coatings depend upon their composition, microstructure, and deposition condition. Simultaneous co-evaporation of multiple ingots of different compositions in the high energy EB-PVD chamber has brought considerable interest in the architecture of functional graded coatings, nano-laminated coatings, and design of new structural materials that could not be produced economically by conventional methods. In addition, high evaporation and condensate rates allowed fabricating precision net-shaped components with nanograined microstructure for various applications. Using EB-PVD, nano-grained rhenium (Re) coatings and net-shaped components with tailored microstructure and properties were fabricated in the form of tubes, plates, and Re-coated spherical graphite cores. This paper will also present the results of various metallic and ceramic coatings including chromium, titanium carbide (TiC), titanium diboride (TiB₂), hafnium nitride (HfN), titanium-boron-carbonitride (TiBCN), and partially yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) TBC coatings deposited by EB-PVD for various applications. This paper was presented at the International Symposium on Manufacturing, Properties, and Applications of Nanocrystalline Materials sponsored by the ASM International Nanotechnology Task Force and TMS Powder Materials Committee, October 18–20, 2004, Columbus, OH.     

高能束合金化技术的研究现状和发展趋势

综述了国内外以激光为代表的高能束表面合金化技术的研究现状，报道了当前表面合金化技术的研究问题，对高能束表面合金化技术的趋势进行了分析。指出激光合金化改性层的质量控制、合金化过程的自动化、合金化技术在工业生产中的推广应用是该技术的重要攻关方向。     

Investigation on gradient material fabrication with electron beam melting based on scanning track control

A new electron beam control system was developed in a general vacuum electron beam machine by assembling with industrial control computer, programmable logic control （PLC）, deflection coil, data acquisition card, power amplifier, etc. In this control system, scanning track and energy distribution of electron beam could be edited off-line, real-time adjusted and controlled on-line. Ti-Mo gradient material （GM） with high temperature resistant was fabricated using the technology of electron beam melting. The melting processes include three steps, such as preheating, melting, and homogenizing. The results show that the GM prepared by melting technology has fine appearance, and it has good integrated interface with the Ti alloy. Mo and Ti elements are gradually distributed in the inter.face of the gradient material. The microstructure close to the Ti alloy base metal is α ＋ β basket-waver grain, and the microstructure close to the GM is a single phase of β solid solution.     

AXIAL PHASES DISTRIBUTION AND HOMOGENIZATION IN THREE-PHASE FLUIDIZED BEDS

We have investigated the axial distribution of the liquid phase in a three-phase fluidized bed in which the particles were glass beads of two different diameters, 710-850 μm and 2 mm. Two methods were used to reduce the axial heterogeneity and homogenize the bed: the use of packing elements and the addition of a small quantity of a high molecular weight polymer. The use of packing elements was shown to be very efficient in controlling phases distribution in the bed. The packing consisted of 1 mm thick steel horizontal plates punched and stretched to obtain parallelogram-shaped openings. The addition of a high molecular weight polyisobutylene (BASF Oppanol B246, M_u, =6.15 Lo⁶) on the phase distribution was also studied. Low polymer concentrations up to 397 ppm (based on the liquid phase) were investigated. The addition of the polymer reduced bubble coalescence and allowed for a better distribution of the phases.