An adsorptive transfer technique coupled with brdicka reaction to reveal the importance of metallothionein in chemotherapy with platinum based cytostatics

The drugs based on platinum metals represent one of the oldest, but also one of the most effective groups of chemotherapeutic agents. Thanks to many clinical studies it is known that resistance of tumor cells to drugs is a frequent cause of chemotherapy failure. With regard to platinum based drugs, multidrug resistance can also be connected with increased expression of low-molecular weight protein metallothionein (MT). This study aimed at investigating the interactions of MT with cisplatin or carboplatin, using the adsorptive transfer technique coupled with differential pulse voltammetry Brdicka reaction (AdTS DPV Brdicka reaction), and a comparison of in vitro results with results obtained in vivo. The results obtained from the in vitro study show a strong affinity between platinum based drugs and MT. Further, we analyzed extracts of neuroblastoma cell lines treated with cisplatin or carboplatin. It is clear that neuroblastoma UKF-NB-4 cisplatin-resistant and cisplatin-sensitive cell lines unlikely respond to the presence of the platinum-based cytostatics cisplatin and carboplatin. Finally, we determined the level of MT in samples from rabbits treated with carboplatin and patients with retinoblastoma treated with the same drug.     

蛋白质类药物合成方法学研究进展

综述了化学法和化学—生物结合法制备蛋白质药物的一些实例,重点介绍了(His)6-tag辅助法和蛋白质内含子介导法。     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱法快速筛查畜禽类产品中50种违禁药物残留

建立了超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱（UPLC-Q-TOF/MS）快速筛查畜禽类产品中50种违禁药物残留的检测方法。畜禽类产品经β-葡萄糖醛酸酶/芳基硫酸酯酶酶解,依次用乙酸乙酯-叔丁基甲醚提取后,利用HLB净化,采用UPLC-Q-TOF/MS电喷雾正离子模式检测。通过建立在线谱库检索的方法实现50种违禁药物的快速筛选和准确定性,再结合同位素内标法实现准确定量。目标物质量浓度在2~200 μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.99,检出限为0.1~0.5 μg/kg,定量限为0.3~1.5 μg/kg,三个不同浓度的加标回收率在81.74%~114.22%之间,相对标准偏差为1.41%~8.91%。研究建立的筛查数据库在无需标准品的情况下实现了50种违禁药物的快速筛查、定性确证和定量分析。该方法适用于畜禽类产品中低浓度的违禁药物残留量的快速筛查和准确定量。     

Conversion factors from counts to chemical ratios for the EURITRACK tagged neutron inspection system

The EURopean Illicit TRAfficking Countermeasures Kit (EURITRACK) uses 14 MeV neutrons produced by the ³H(d,n)⁴H fusion reaction to detect explosives and narcotics in cargo containers. Reactions induced by fast neutrons produce gamma rays, which are detected in coincidence with the associated alpha particle to determine the neutron direction. In addition, the neutron path length is obtained from a time-of-flight measurement, thus allowing the origin of the gamma rays inside the container to be determined. Information concerning the chemical composition of the target material is obtained from the analysis of the energy spectrum. The carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen relative count contributions must be converted to chemical proportions to distinguish illicit and benign organic materials. An extensive set of conversion factors based on Monte Carlo numerical simulations has been calculated, taking into account neutron slowing down and photon attenuation in the cargo materials. An experimental validation of the method is presented by comparing the measured chemical fractions of known materials, in the form of bare samples or hidden in a cargo container, to their real chemical composition. Examples of application to real cargo containers are also reported, as well as simulated data with explosives and illicit drugs.     

No thanks, I'm good. Any more and I'll be sick: Comment on Lynch and Carroll (2001).

W. J. Lynch and M. E. Carroll's (see record 200106653-001) excellent analyses of drug intake from a regulation perspective are formalized in terms of control systems. Satiation corresponds to the set point, deviations below which are called hunger or craving, deviations above which are called surfeit. Although simple, the model provides a unifying framework for many of the phenomena Lynch and Carroll describe. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The use of electronic pharmacy data to investigate prescribed medications and fatal motor vehicle crashes in a military population, 2002-2006

The authors examined the association between prescribed medications and fatal motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) in an active duty military population between 2002 and 2006. Using a case-control design, MVC deaths were ascertained using a military mortality registry, and an integrated health system database provided information on health system eligibility, pharmacy transactions, and medical encounters. Cases and controls were matched on comparable observation time outside periods of deployment. Among selected categories, only one, antidepressant medications, was an independent predictor of fatal MVC (odds ratio, 3.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-10.07). Male gender, Black race, enlisted rank, service branch (Navy and Marine Corps), and selected co-morbidities were also independent predictors. Unexpectedly, the odds of younger age quartiles (<27 years) and history of deployment were reduced for MVC cases. Although results need to be considered in the context of data limitations, the association between prescribed antidepressants and fatal MVC may reflect unmeasured co-morbidities, such as combined effects of prescribed and over-the-counter medications and/or alcohol or other substance abuse. Younger individuals, representing new military accessions in training or returning from deployment with serious injuries, may have fewer opportunities to operate vehicles, or targeted efforts to reduce MVC following deployment may be showing a positive effect.     

One-sided tests in generalized linear dose–response models

This paper discusses the asymptotic null distribution of three asymptotically equivalent one-sided tests in generalized linear models with separate lines. Simple forms for the correlation coefficients, which appear in the weights of the asymptotic null distribution, that is a mixture of chi-squared distributions, are given. A particular structure is proposed for the experiments in order to simplify the correlations and consequently to allow the use of several approximations developed for the weights. It is showed that the hypothesis of synergism or antagonism between two compounds may be assessed, under parallelism, by one-sided tests. Finally, as illustration, the efficiency of a standard preparation is compared with the efficiency of four test preparations under a gamma log-linear model.     

Multi-residue method for detecting coccidiostats at carry-over level in feed by HPLC–MS/MS

A multi-residue HPLC–ESI–MS/MS method has been developed for the simultaneous extraction, detection and confirmation of the 11 coccidiostats referenced by Regulation 2009/8/EC (lasalocid sodium, narasin, salinomycin sodium, monensin sodium, semduramicin sodium, maduramicin ammonium alpha, robenidine hydrochloride, decoquinate, halofuginone hydrobromide, nicarbazin, and diclazuril) in feedstuffs at carry-over level. The sensitivity of the method allows quantification and confirmation for all coccidiostats below target concentration. The method was in-house validated and meets all criteria of European legislation (2002/657/EC). The precision of the method was determined under repeatability and within-laboratory reproducibility conditions; RSD_r and RSD_R were below the maximum permitted values for every tested concentration. The specificity was checked by analysing representative blank samples and blank samples fortified with potentially interfering substances (benzimidazoles, corticosteroides, triphenylmethane dyes, quinolones, nitrofurans, nitroimidazoles, phenicols); no interference were found. Concerning quantification, a quadratic regression model was fitted to every calibration curve with a regression coefficient r ² above 0.99 on each data set. Finally, the expanded uncertainty U was calculated with data obtained within the laboratory while applying the method during validation and in routine tests.     

药物中抗坏血酸的铁铵矾氧化还原滴定法

研究了用磺基水杨酸作指示剂，用铁铵矾标准溶液氧化还原滴定抗坏血酸的新方法，用于药物中抗坏血酸的测定，结果与碘量测定法，紫外光度法所得结果基本一致。     

Review of Clinical Handbook of Psychotropic Drugs (13th ed.).

This annual publication (2003) updates readers about the major classes of psychotropic medications. It reviews some 14 groups of interventions: antidepressants, electroconvulsive therapy, antipsychotics (neuroleptics), antiparkinsonian agents, anxiolytic agents, hypnotics/sedatives, mood stabilizers, psychostimulants, cognition enhancers, sex-drive depressants, drugs of abuse, treatment of substance use disorders, new unapproved treatment of psychiatric disorders, and herbal and natural products. Following the body of the text, there appears a Glossary, Suggested Readings, an Index of Drugs, and some helpful Patient Information Sheets. Psychotherapists will find this a useful, and state-of-the-art text. Although the information provided can be obtained through a wide range of competing sources, it is the organization, formulation, and patient information features that make this text relatively unique. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)