不同部位雪茄烟叶晾制过程中多酚、色素及相关酶活性的变化

为明确晾制过程中雪茄烟叶多酚类物质和质体色素的降解规律以及相关酶活性的动态变化,以德雪1号为试验材料,研究了不同部位烟叶晾制期间多酚类物质、质体色素及相关酶活性的变化规律,并进行了相关分析。结果表明,不同部位雪茄烟叶中多酚类物质含量主要表现为中部叶 > 下部叶 > 上部叶,其中各部位绿原酸含量均呈下降趋势,而芸香苷和莨菪亭含量均呈现单峰曲线。各部位质体色素含量随着晾制过程的推进而逐渐降低,整体表现为上部叶 > 中部叶 > 下部叶。各部位烟叶中脂氧合酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶等酶活性均呈先增后降趋势。相关分析表明,晾制期间各部位多酚氧化酶活性与多酚、色素含量呈正相关,且与绿原酸和β-胡萝卜素达到显著水平;苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性与多酚、色素含量呈负相关,且与绿原酸达到显著水平。过氧化物酶与脂氧合酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酶、多酚氧化酶均呈显著正相关,因此在晾制过程中合理调控各类酶活性,可以控制多酚类物质及质体色素含量,有利于提高雪茄烟叶调制特性。     

红树莓色素的定性鉴定及提取工艺研究

采用定性鉴别的方法判断红树莓色素的主要成分,并通过单因素试验确定提取红树莓色素的条件。溶解性和颜色反应结果表明,红树莓色素的主要成分为花色苷。提取红树莓色素的适宜条件为:红树莓匀浆液以3%的盐酸水溶液为提取溶剂,以1∶15(g/mL)的料液比在60℃水浴中浸提60 min,提取2次,在此条件下,每克鲜果中红树莓花色苷的提取量可达0.718 mg。     

Studies of wool keratin by EPR spectroscopy

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) tests were conducted on four kinds of interrelated samples—natural undyed wool fibers (SW3, SW5), fibers dyed with model direct dyes (1W, 5W), fibers treated destructively with formic acid for descaling and dyed with the same dyes (K1W, K5W), and the dyes themselves (1%). For all samples, a radical signal of g = 2.007 was detected. The presence of Mn²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions in the wool fiber structure was postulated. Modifications of disulfide regions of fiber matrix were also analyzed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1459–1465, 2006     

浅析纺织品中禁用偶氮染料的检测技术

本文依据国标GB/T17592-2006、GB/T23344-2009与欧标ENl4362:2003,结合纺织品禁用偶氮染料检测工作中积累的经验与体会对若干问题进行了探讨。     

锡基含铬陶瓷颜料呈色性能的研究

研究了三种锡基含铬陶瓷颜料的呈色,确定了载色体矿物组成与颜料呈色性能之间的关系,讨论了紫色、桃红色、紫红色颜料的载色体矿物组成范围。     

冷颜料在红外隐身涂料中的应用

目的通过冷颜料降低目标的表面温度,起到红外隐身的作用。方法采用XRD衍射仪和紫外/可见光/近红外分光光度计等,分析颜料的相结构及近红外光谱特性。采用红外辐射率测量仪、紫外/可见光/近红外分光光度计和红外灯模拟太阳光照射,分析涂层的红外发射率及反射隔热性能。结果与炭黑颜料相比,铁铬黑颜料的近红外平均反射率为57%,且反射光谱与叶绿素基本一致;当填料质量分数为10%时,铁铬黑涂层的近红外反射率最大,平均反射率为39.2%,红外发射率为0.91;20%(质量分数)炭黑涂层和10%(质量分数)铁铬黑涂层相比,铁铬黑涂层的反射隔热效果明显,其平衡温度较普通炭黑涂层低8.8℃。结论红外隐身材料应考虑颜料对涂层红外发射率的影响,在满足涂层颜色的条件下尽量控制颜料的添加量,实际应用中以颜料添加10%(质量分数)为宜,在满足涂层反射隔热要求的同时,保证了涂层的红外发射率。     

Synthesis of polypyrrole‐modified TiO2 composite adsorbent and its adsorption performance on acid Red G

The adsorption–desorption characteristics of Acid Red G (ARG) on the polypyrrole‐modified TiO₂ (PPy/TiO₂) composite as a novel adsorbent was investigated. PPy/TiO₂ was synthesized via the in‐situ polymerization of pyrrole monomer in the prepared TiO₂ sol solution. Results from X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectra indicated the formation of the PPy/TiO₂ composite. The adsorption experiments showed that the modification of PPy substantially improved the adsorption and regeneration abilities of PPy/TiO₂. The adsorption equilibrium was achieved in a short time of 20 min, and the adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo‐second‐order model. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm was found for PPy/TiO₂, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 179.21 mg/g. The regeneration experiments showed that PPy/TiO₂ could be successfully regenerated by simple alkali‐acid treatment. The adsorption efficiency of the regenerated PPy/TiO₂ adsorbent for ARG was still greater than 90% after regeneration for 10 times. Additionally, the adsorption efficiency of PPy/TiO₂ for the ARG effluent was still higher than 78% after adsorption–desorption for four times. It is expected that the PPy/TiO₂ composite can be considered as a stable adsorbent for the removal of dye. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

云母基珠光颜料的研究进展

珠光颜料因其绚丽的色彩和优良的性能,广泛应用于各个领域.综述了国外珠光颜料,特别是关于金红石型云母钛珠光颜料、多层包覆珠光颜料、无基材殊光颜料和功能性殊光颜料的研究进展;并对国内珠光颜料的发展提出了建议.     

普洱茶茶色素对HepG2细胞脂质代谢的影响及作用机理

以正常培养和油酸诱导培养的人肝癌细胞系(human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line,Hep G2)细胞为模型,通过测定普洱茶茶色素对Hep G2细胞内甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)和总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)含量,细胞中脂肪酸合成酶(fatty acid synthase,FAS)、固醇调节元件结合蛋白1c(sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c,SREBP-1c)、三磷酸腺苷结合转运子A1(ATP binding cassette transporter A1,ABCA1)、胆固醇7α-羟化酶(cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase,CYP7A1)的转录水平,磷酸化腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(phospho-AMPactivated protein kinase,p-AMPK)的蛋白表达水平研究普洱茶茶色素的减肥降脂作用机制。结果显示,普洱茶茶色素能明显降低油酸诱导的Hep G2细胞模型中TG和TC含量,作用程度依赖于普洱茶的作用质量浓度。但对正常培养的Hep G2的TG、TC作用影响不显著。经过普洱茶茶色素作用油酸诱导Hep G2细胞24 h后,能显著下调细胞的FAS和SREBP-1c的m RNA表达水平(P0.05),显著上调ABCA1的转录水平(P0.05),且使CYP7A1的转录水平呈上升趋势,并显著上调p-AMPK蛋白的表达量(P0.05)。因此,普洱茶茶色素可通过调控上述调控因子和酶的表达而改善油酸诱导下Hep G2细胞的脂质代谢水平。     

高效液相色谱法测定膨化食品中7种合成色素

目的建立高效液相色谱法同时测定膨化食品中7种人工合成色素的含量。方法将样品粉碎均匀后,加入乙醇:氨水(4:1,V:V)提取剂超声提取,采用Diamonsil-C18色谱柱分离,以乙腈和0.05 mol/L的乙酸铵水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 m L/min,柱温为25℃,经二极管阵列检测器检测,以外标法定量。结果本方法的检测限是0.1~0.4 mg/kg,7种人工合成色素在0.5~300μg/m L浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9996~0.9999,在6、12和18μg 3个加标水平上的平均回收率为86.1%~101.8%,相对标准偏差为0.93%~3.80%,与GB方法的检测结果比较无显著性差异。结论该方法前处理简单、快速、准确,适用于膨化食品中7种人工合成色素的定量分析。