生物芯片的研究和应用现状

生物芯片技术作为一种新兴的高科技生物技术,近几年取得了迅猛的发展;目前生物芯片已广泛应用于生物、医学、化学、新药开发、司法鉴定、环境卫生、军事天地等各领域.文章就生物芯片的研究、发展和应用现状进行阐述.     

Evaluation and validation of a multi-residue method based on biochip technology for the simultaneous screening of six families of antibiotics in muscle and aquaculture products

The Evidence Investigator? system (Randox, UK) is a biochip and semi-automated system. The microarray kit II (AM II) is capable of detecting several compounds belonging to different families of antibiotics: quinolones, ceftiofur, thiamphenicol, streptomycin, tylosin and tetracyclines. The performance of this innovative system was evaluated for the detection of antibiotic residues in new matrices, in muscle of different animal species and in aquaculture products. The method was validated according to the European Decision No. EC/2002/657 and the European guideline for the validation of screening methods, which represents a complete initial validation. The false-positive rate was equal to 0% in muscle and in aquaculture products. The detection capabilities CCβ for 12 validated antibiotics (enrofloxacin, difloxacin, ceftiofur, desfuroyl ceftiofur cysteine disulfide, thiamphenicol, florfenicol, tylosin, tilmicosin, streptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin, tetracycline, doxycycline) were all lower than the respective maximum residue limits (MRLs) in muscle from different animal origins (bovine, ovine, porcine, poultry). No cross-reactions were observed with other antibiotics, neither with the six detected families nor with other families of antibiotics. The AM II kit could be applied to aquaculture products but with higher detection capabilities from those in muscle. The detection capabilities CCβ in aquaculture products were respectively at 0.25, 0.10 and 0.5 of the respective MRL in aquaculture products for enrofloxacin, tylosin and oxytetracycline. The performance of the AM II kit has been compared with other screening methods and with the performance characteristics previously determined in honey.     

纳米生物技术在药物发现中的应用进展

纳米生物技术在诊断学和药物运送中有重要作用,文章主要解释了几种技术包括纳米技术和纳米装置如纳米生物传感器和纳米生物芯片是怎样应用于提高药物发现和发展过程的。在体内应用纳米粒子会有一些安全方面的考虑,一些研究正在试验这些物质的天然和扩大的不良反应。应用纳米技术于健康护理及个体化药物的前景十分广阔。     

Research on critical technology of micro/nano bioparticles manipulation platform based on light-induced dielectrophoresis

On the basis of the research on the status and problems of micro/nano bio-particles manipulation using dielectrophoresis, the theoretical basis and the model simulation of micro/nano bio-particles manipu-lation using light-induced dielectrophoresis were discussed. The space distribution of electric field and dielectrophoresis forces in different heights were also obtained. On this basis, the core component of the micro manipulation system, that is, photoconductive layer of the chip, was completed in the mat...     

SPR技术检测奶粉中生物素

目的利用表面等离子共振(surface plasmon resonance,SPR)技术,建立快速定量测定牛奶中生物素的方法。方法将生物素共价偶联到表面等离子共振芯片CM5表面,并对竞争结合的生物素结合蛋白的结合浓度及芯片的再生条件进行优化,检测芯片的稳定性。在无抗生素牛奶中添加系列质量浓度的生物素,利用免疫竞争抑制原理构建标准曲线,并对市售10个奶粉样品进行检测。结果制备的芯片稳定,50个循环相对标准偏差(relative standarddeviation,RSD)小于10%。日间批内同一样品差异为8.75%,该方法的检测限为0.1μg/100g,回收率为80.4%~91.2%。10个牛奶产品中生物素含量全部在固定的允许范围内。所建立的方法可以在4 h内完成样品的前处理和检测。结论该方法是一种简便、快捷的定量检测方法。     

PBT-X2型识别仪在结核蛋白生物芯片中的应用

应用PBT-X2型生物芯片识别仪快速检测结核分支杆茵抗体。采用CCD原理结合视频采集技术，将生物芯片标本信息输入计算机，并通过专用分析软件对结核LAM、16-kDa、38-kDa蛋白芯片检测信号的定量分析和定性结果判定。本试验分析了434人的三项指标检出率分别为：45．2％(135／299)；17．3％(67／387)；20％(74／370)。对结核病的诊治是有积极的意义。     

时域式PCR生物芯片中温度动力学研究进展

综述了国内外时域聚合酶链式反应生物芯片中温度动力学研究，包括TD-PCR反应系统加热／冷却速率、温度控制精度、温度均匀性以及热设计的理论模型等。     

生物芯片技术研究简况

生物芯片技术是基于生物大分子间相互作用的大规模并行分析方法 ,使得生命科学研究中所涉及的样品反应、检测、分析等过程得以连续化、集成化和微型化 ,现已成为当今生命科学研究领域发展最快的技术之一 .目前的生物芯片主要有核酸芯片、蛋白质芯片和糖体芯片等几大类 ;核酸芯片可测定基因表达情况或基因突变情况 ,同时也可测定多种疾病的相关基因 ;蛋白质芯片可直接从体液中检测特定蛋白质分子标记物 ,在肿瘤和传染性疾病的临床诊断领域里具有广阔的应用前景 ;糖体芯片则是最近创立的新型技术 ,芯片实验室是目前生物芯片研究和开发的趋势     

生物芯片扫描分析系统DSP软件设计

生物芯片扫描分析系统是生物芯片能否得到广泛应用的关键仪器。针对传统生物芯片扫描分析系统结构复杂、处理速度慢、体积庞大等弱点,引入DSP处理器完成扫描控制和全自动数据分析处理。DSP/BIOS的运用使得系统DSP软件设计简单化。概述了整个系统的结构,详细介绍了生物芯片扫描分析系统DSP软件结构和设计,包括DSP/BIOS的运用模块、BOOT的过程、扫描控制模块、数据处理模块和HPI模块。目前该系统已进入了稳定工作的状态。