基于均匀设计的砂砾石层浆液扩散规律研究

在砂砾石层灌浆中,渗流对浆液在不同方向上扩散的影响一直是研究的空白。现通过室内灌浆模拟试验,采用均匀设计的方法构建试验方案,对不同渗流强度砂砾石层中浆液在不同方向上的扩散规律进行了研究,分析了灌浆压力P、水灰比m、渗透系数k以及渗流速度v对浆液在不同方向上扩散半径R0的影响,并得出回归关系式。试验结果表明:对浆液扩散半径R0影响最显著的是灌浆压力P,渗透系数k的影响次之;渗透速度v与上游向扩散半径Ru负相关,与下游向扩散半径Rd显著正相关,而对侧向扩散半径Rl的影响很小。     

Numerical simulation of slurry jets using mixture model

Slurry jets in a static uniform environment were simulated with a two-phase mixture model in which flow-particle interactions were considered. A standard k-ε turbulence model was chosen to close the governing equations. The computational results were in agreement with previous laboratory measurements. The characteristics of the two-phase flow field and the influences of hydraulic and geometric parameters on the distribution of the slurry jets were analyzed on the basis of the computational results. The calculated results reveal that if the initial velocity of the slurry jet is high, the jet spreads less in the radial direction. When the slurry jet is less influenced by the ambient fluid (when the Stokes number St is relatively large), the turbulent kinetic energy k and turbulent dissipation rate ε, which are relatively concentrated around the jet axis, decrease more rapidly after the slurry jet passes through the nozzle. For different values of St, the radial distributions of streamwise velocity and particle volume fraction are both self-similar and fit a Gaussian profile after the slurry jet fully develops. The decay rate of the particle velocity is lower than that of water velocity along the jet axis, and the axial distributions of the centerline particle streamwise velocity are self-similar along the jet axis. The pattern of particle dispersion depends on the Stokes number St. When St = 0.39, the particle dispersion along the radial direction is considerable, and the relative velocity is very low due to the low dynamic response time. When St = 3.08, the dispersion of particles along the radial direction is very little, and most of the particles have high relative velocities along the streamwise direction.     

水煤浆管道输送模型

本文介绍了描述加压气化用水煤浆管道流动性能的数学模型－Ｍｅｔｚｎｅｒ－Ｒｅｅｄ通用计算法。在试验范围内（Ｒｅ＇＝１６．８￣１７６０），用该模型处理２８５个实验数据的平均相对误差为６．９６％，管道输送试验可评价各种水煤浆的管道流动性能并提供管道输送参数。     

ZrO2—Al2O3系浆料性能的研究

本文研究了加入高分子电解质——聚丙烯酸(PAA),对于pH值在中性范围内ZrO_2-H_2O、Al_2O_3-H_2O系统的流变和动电特性的影响。根据胶体化学基础知识,利用计算机对实验数据进行分析、处理并设计实验。讨论了PAA在氧化物表面的吸附机理及其饱和吸附量,找到了一种确定ZrO_2-Al_2O_3双组分浆料稳定悬浮条件的新方法。     

流量计在大型水煤浆制氨装置上的选型及应用

结合水煤浆加压气化制合成氨的工艺流程和特点，提出流量计选型和安装时着重考虑的问题，介绍流量计在渭河化肥厂合成氨装置上的应用情况。     

油井水泥降失水剂SPS的制备和性能研究

通过磺化改性,制备了磺化聚苯乙烯(SPS)作为油井水泥降失水剂.研究了反应条件对SPS磺化度的影响、SPS的磺化度与失水控制的关系、SPS水泥浆体系的性能.实验结果表明:在相同的条件下,磺化度越高,失水控制越好;在最佳条件下制备的SPS具有良好的降失水性能,SPS的水泥浆体系具有良好的流变性能和较好的耐温性能;在120℃下,其水泥浆体系的稠化时间,用常用的缓凝剂可调整到337 min,SPS对水泥浆其他性能无不良影响.     

矿浆电解法浸出多金属硫化矿中银的工艺条件探讨

在研究矿浆电解法浸出广西某大型含银多金属硫化矿中银的浸出速率变化规律基础上,根据国内外文献资料,总结出银的浸出率与矿粉中银的赋存形式的关系。银在银黝铜矿和在难分解的黄铁矿中的分配率是决定矿粉磨细粒径、电解面积电流、电解时间的最重要因素.在分配率很低时,可采取低电流密度电解,如100~150 A/m2,银的浸出率≥95%;在分配率较高时,采用低电流密度电解,因银黝铜矿及黄铁矿中的银难以浸出,所以银浸出率较低;在分配率小于≤10%时,可采用中等电流密度300~400 A/m2,同时矿粉的磨细程度要保证银矿物晶体部分或全部暴露在黄铁矿晶粒表面,适当增加电解时间,银的浸出率可超过90%.     

Study on high performance ice slurry formed by cooling emulsion in ice storage (discussion on adaptability of emulsion to thermal storage material)

This study focuses on an emulsion as a new thermal storage material for ice storage. Two types of emulsions were formed using an oil–water mixture with a small amount of additive. A silicone, light and lump oils were used. The water contents of the emulsions were 70, 80 and 90%. The additive was an amino group modified silicone oil. No depression of freezing point was observed for the emulsions because of their hydrophobic properties. In order to determine the structure of the emulsions, their electrical resistances were measured. Moreover, components of the liquids separating from the emulsions were analyzed. The results indicated that one emulsion was a W/O type emulsion, while the other was an O/W type. Finally, adaptability of the two emulsions to ice storage was discussed, it was concluded that a high performance ice slurry could be formed by the W/O type emulsion.     

钙基固硫剂对水煤浆性能影响的研究

脱硫型水煤浆是一种新型的清洁水煤浆,在燃烧和气化过程中具有固硫作用,但固硫剂对水煤浆性能有一定影响。文中针对新汶水煤浆,在添加不同钙基固硫剂、不同Ca/S比时对水煤浆的粘度、稳定性、流变性和硫析出特性等进行了研究,结果表明固硫剂不会对水煤浆流变性本质产生影响,水煤浆仍然呈现为假塑性流体,但其粘度会增加,稳定性有所下降。无机钙对水煤浆性能影响要小于有机钙,在Ca/S=2时,添加无机钙后水煤浆粘度为1000~1200mPa·s。添加CaCO3(Ca/S=2)的水煤浆在1000oC燃烧,硫的析出率由98%下降到52%。     

C/C复合材料Mo - Si-N系抗氧化涂层成分优化

以Mo粉和Si粉为原始粉末,采用熔浆法在C/C复合材料表面原位合成了Si3N4-MoSi2/Si-SiC(MSN)系多层抗氧化涂层,借助扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪等分析手段对涂层的相组成和微观组织进行表征,并对涂层的抗氧化性能进行了初步研究.结果表明:Si浆料中添加适量Al可有效地阻止液态Si渗入C/C基材内部,3%Al-Si涂层具有最好的阻止Si渗入作用;Al含量超过3%时,Si的渗入程度随Al含量的增加而加剧;涂层中MoSi2的理论含量超过50%时,MSN-C/C复合材料1 400℃的抗氧化性能随MoSi2含量的增加而显著下降;MSN30-C/C和MSN40-C/C复合材料均在1 200～1 400℃表现出相近的抗氧化能力,但只有MSN30-C/C复合材料表现出抗1 450℃氧化的能力.