嫩江白沙滩险工护岸工程设计

白沙滩险工段处于嫩江主流凹岸顶流冲刷区,陡岸岩性主要是细砂,平均每年以2m的速度坍塌退岸,针对运行期不同设计水位等条件分别采取不同护坡、护岸型式,通过工程实施,取得了在粉细砂基础上进行坡式护岸设计的成功经验.     

HEC—RAS在溢洪道水面线计算中的应用

HEC—RAS软件是一款在国内外河道水面线计算中广泛运用的软件,但是在中小型水库溢洪道水面线计算中应用较少。通过工程实例将HEC—RAS计算结果与传统水面线计算结果相比较,该软件计算溢洪道水面线既省时又精确,还可获得流速、水头等其它结果,所以可在今后的设计中推广应用。     

混凝土施工温度与裂缝预防措施

混凝土施工中产生裂缝有多种原因,通过对下车亭隧洞洞身衬砌混凝土进行温度量测与裂缝发展情况的观测,采取了裂缝预防措施。实践表明,控制施工温度及改善约束条件是防止裂缝产生行之有效的措施,为混凝土施工中预防裂缝的产生提供了借鉴和参考。     

Operator strategies in a dynamic environment in relation to an operator model

Results of an analysis of the cognitive activity of operators in controlling incidents in a Steam Generating Heavy Water Reactor in relation to a computer-based model of an operator (COSIMO, Cacciabue et al. 1992) are presented. The analysis focuses on information checking and actions to be taken in five incidents of varying levels of specification. Two experienced and two less-experienced operators participated in the experiments. Techniques of video and protocol analysis have been employed. Results indicate that operators use strategies in order to overcome the dynamic feature of incidents; in particular they break down problems into elementary problems, and they aim at maintaining a stable situation. A central characteristic is the importance of actions in terms of their timing and their results. Actions are carried out incrementally, and their effects then used as pointers to guide the course of future problem-solving and future actions. Problems may be postponed when they are not urgent, or when system latency does not allow an effect to be obtained following an action. Finally the paper discusses some elements that should be modified in order to increase the predictive capability of the COSIMO model.     

Speech variability effects on recognition accuracy associated with concurrent task performance by pilots

Abstract

Pairs of pilots performed an aircraft warning classification task using an isolated-word speaker-dependent speech recognition system to record their responses. Task-induced stress was manipulated by means of different scoring procedures for the warning classification task and by inclusion of a competitive manual control task (Voorhees and Bucher 1984, Voorhees and Bucher 1985). High quality tape recordings were made of pilots’ speech spoken to the recognizer while performing under the different types of task loading. This speech was then analysed spectrographically for timing differences in the pilot's manner of speaking as a function of task loading, and of recognition accuracy associated with different types of task loading. Recognition errors were recorded by type for an isolated-word speaker-dependent system and by an off-line technique for a connected-word speaker-dependent system. While recognition errors increased with task loading for the isolated word system, there was no such effect for task loading when tape recordings of the same utterances were recognized by a connected word system. The results suggest areas for further improvements to speaker-dependent recognition algorithms and provide predictions of the types of recognition errors that can be expected with current recognition technology used by pilots under moderate to high levels of task loading.     

新时期我国高校矛盾纠纷及其风险防范探析

新时期社会转型的各种负面衍生品肆行,导致了高校矛盾纠纷的激变,加剧了人们的价值曲解,甚至诱发了违法犯罪的滋生。为进一步化解高校矛盾纠纷,构建相关风险防范体系,分别从空间、时间、结构三个层次剖析新时期我国高校矛盾纠纷的特征,在此基础上科学构建了与之相适应的多级分洪式矛盾疏导型泄力通道机制、长期防御排查与即时抵御排除双项矛盾纠纷风险防范机制及复杂案例精析与风险防范实验机制,为综合性风险防范体系的最终形成及高校矛盾纠纷风险的有效防范进行了有益探索。     

基于SVPWM的不定频滞环控制的有源滤波器仿真

为了更好地解决传统的电流滞环控制存在的开关频率高和开关损耗大等问题,在传统滞环控制的基础上,提出了一种基于空间电压矢量(SVPWM)的不定频滞环电流控制方法.此方案可以有效降低平均开关频率,减少开关损耗,提高系统的运行效率.通过Matlab/Simulink软件进行了系统仿真分析,结果验证了该控制策略的可行性和有效性.     

大型住宅小区供配电设计

目前,城市大型小区不断增多,但部分设计单位进行配电部分设计时经验欠缺,需要一些成熟的指导性意见．文中按照大型住宅小区供配电设计的基本要求,围绕小区用电负荷计算、小区接入电源供电、配电接线方式、配电房选址及线路走廊、主要电气设备选型和电能计量方式等内容和设计经验进行阐述介绍,帮助参与大型住宅小区供配电设计人员做好设计,少走弯路．文中对设备和导体新技术应用方面进行了推荐．供设计人员参考．     

中小城市城乡居民消费差异的分析与思考——以河南济源市为例

本文以缩小城乡居民消费差异、促进城乡居民消费合理化发展为研究目的,结合河南济源市城乡居民消费差异的现状和变化趋势,分析原因并提出解决中小城市城乡消费差距的对策建议:一是大力实施惠农政策,增加农民农业收入;二是切实抓好劳动力转移,增加农民非农收入;三是不断完善农村社会保障和救助制度,解决农民后顾之忧;四是着力改善外部消费环境,更新农民消费观念。     

浅谈300MW“W”火焰锅炉掺烧褐煤后的优化调整

为进一步降低发电成本,全面提高电厂的经济效益,针对300MW＂W＂型电厂锅炉的特性,以及锅炉在燃用高挥发份褐煤所表现出来的技术特点,本文提出了合理的配烧方式以及在掺配后优化调整措施,经过一年多的实践掺烧取得了良好的效果,不但保证了锅炉安全运行,而且大大提高了机组的经济效益。