Optimal markdown policy of perishable food under the consumer price fairness perception

Markdown policies are widely used by retailers to sell perishable food. Consumers purchase food at different prices during different sales periods. Some consumers may compare their experience with others who purchase the same items. Price unfairness or inequity is perceived when different prices are quoted without reasonable explanations. This study develops an optimal markdown model for perishable food pricing to optimise the food retailer revenue and enable a maximum aggregated consumer utility considering individuals’ price fairness perception. The model serves as the first step in evaluating trade-offs between food retailer revenue and consumer utility. In addition, it enables consumer utility to be depicted through perceived price fairness by including the effects of food perishability and scarcity. Another innovative feature is the equalisation of the consumer average aggregated utility during different sales periods as a condition of intertemporal price fairness perception. The proposed model is compared with two benchmark models to justify the effectiveness and advantages in the example. Finally, a sensitive analysis based on the food deterioration rate, consumer food desire rate and consumer average reservation price is conducted to justify the manner in which these factors influence the optimal pricing policy, and managerial insights are suggested for food retailers.     

聚氯乙烯食品接触材料中稀土热稳定剂检测方法探讨

广大消费者越来越关注食品安全问题.聚氯乙烯食品接触材料通常情况下不稳定,需加入热稳定剂使其不易见热分解,而这些热稳定剂有可能迁移入食品中,致使使用者出现毒物反应.本文依据检验工作实践,对PVC食品接触材料中稀土热稳定剂检验方法进行了探讨,并提出了需注意的问题.     

All‐Organic Dual Spin Valves with Well‐Resolved Four Resistive‐States

The formation of all‐organic dual spin valves (DSVs) with three organic spin‐selective layers, that is, spin‐injection, spin‐detection, and an additional spin‐filtering layer at the intermediate, is reported. As spin‐selective layers, manganese‐ and cobalt phthalocyanines, which are well‐known single‐molecule magnets, are used in their immobilized forms, so that all‐organic DSVs can be prefabricated for characterization. The three spin‐selective layers have provided four configurations with at most two spin‐flip interfaces enforcing spin‐flipping at the two nonmagnetic organic spacer layers, for which copper phthalocyanine is used. Since a couple of the four configurations have exhibited similar resistivities, the degeneracy in the resistive‐states is broken through asymmetric spin‐injection and spin‐detection layers and also through asymmetric thickness of the nonmagnetic spacer layers. When both the spin‐flip interfaces are made operative independently, a 2‐bit logic with four distinct resistive states can be achieved.     

面皮快餐食品工业化生产的调查及工艺研究

通过对面皮传统手工制作工艺的调查分析,提出了面皮工业化生产的工艺和方法,进而对面皮作为方便快餐食品的开发进行了论述。利用先前开发的面皮机和小麦淀粉厂的有关设备,进行了中试试验,在此基础上提出了有关工艺和经济技术指标。     

海洋食品微生物生长智能通用预测平台

针对海洋食品对虾生产加工的特点,设计与开发了对虾生产加工中微生物生长智能通用预测平台,为海洋食品的安全生产与加工提供分析手段。     

Pseudo software: A mediating instrument for modeling software requirements

A new synthesis of software requirements models called pseudo software is proposed with the aim to cut requirements-related errors. Pseudo software achieves this aim by serving as a mediating instrument to empower stakeholders to participate in requirements elicitation and validation through model construction and manipulation, and to provide guidance to the development team to correctly interpret the requirements in the downstream development activities. Pseudo software obtains its traits as a mediating instrument through the choice of requirements information bits and the use of multimodal representations with tool support to integrate the requirements. Using historical data of fifty projects in the enterprise computing domain, pseudo software is shown to effectively cut the requirements-related errors committed by both the customer and the development team.     

餐饮服务网站的总体规划及平台系统设计

采用ASP．NET＋SQL SEVER数据库结合的解决方案来完成对系统前台功能模块和后台管理模块的操作口。采用人机对话的操作方式,全面实现网上餐饮服务。对用户输入的数据,系统进行严格的数据检验,尽可能排除人为的错误．尽可能的维护系统的稳定和安全可靠日。在采用了新技术新方法的基础上为用户提供了最方便的平台。     

A hierarchical attention-based neural network architecture, based on human brain guidance, for perception, conceptualisation, action and reasoning

We present a neural network software architecture, guided by that of the human and more generally primate brain, for the construction of an autonomous cognitive system (which we have named GNOSYS). GNOSYS is created so as to be able to attend to stimuli, to conceptualise them, to learn their predicted reward value and reason about them so as to attain those stimuli in the environment with greatest predicted value. We apply this software system to an embodied version in a robot, and describe the activities in the various component modules of GNOSYS, as well as the overall results. We briefly compare our system with some others proposed to have cognitive powers, and finish by discussion of future developments we propose for our system, as well as expanding on the arguments for and against our approach to creating such a software system.     

Data mining for adaptive learning sequence in English language instruction

The purpose of this paper is to propose an adaptive system analysis for optimizing learning sequences. The analysis employs a decision tree algorithm, based on students’ profiles, to discover the most adaptive learning sequences for a particular teaching content. The profiles were created on the basis of pretesting and posttesting, and from a set of five student characteristics: gender, personality type, cognitive style, learning style, and the students’ grades from the previous semester. This paper address the problem of adhering to a fixed learning sequence in the traditional method of teaching English, and recommend a rule for setting up an optimal learning sequence for facilitating students’ learning processes and for maximizing their learning outcome. By using the technique proposed in this paper, teachers will be able both to lower the cost of teaching and to achieve an optimally adaptive learning sequence for students. The results show that the power of the adaptive learning sequence lies in the way it takes into account students’ personal characteristics and performance; for this reason, it constitutes an important innovation in the field of Teaching English as a Second Language (TESL).     

A reflection on information systems strategizing: the role of power and everyday practices

We review the IS strategizing literature and highlight its main strengths and weaknesses. Strengths include an account given to the relevance of tensions between planned and executed strategy, and associated tradeoffs such as rigidity and flexibility, formal and informal strategizing and the exploitation of static resources vis à vis the exploration of novel capabilities. Weaknesses relate to a predominant focus on an organizational level of analysis and a lack of power considerations. In this paper we aim to build on these strengths and to ameliorate these weaknesses by proposing a comprehensive IS strategizing framework that uses extant IS strategizing research as a foundation, rejuvenated by insights from the emerging strategy‐as‐practice literature. The paper extends our understanding of IS strategizing in light of the practice perspective by providing a multilevel account and incorporating power considerations.