饱和滤饼洗涤性能研究

分析介绍了饱和滤饼的洗涤现状及存在的问题。应用置换、传质理论，建立了饱和滤饼置换、扩散洗涤的数学模型。通过实例计算出浓度比与洗涤比的关系，并与前人实验结果比较，证明了该数学模型的正确合理性。     

Cake filtration of suspensions in viscoelastic fluids

The fundamental framework for cake filtration of suspensions in viscoelastic media is extended to include the effects of polymer retention, including adsorption in the filter cake, polymer retention and elongational flow in the filter medium, which also undergoes compaction, and evaluation of polymer degradation in the filter cake and medium. Experimental data obtained in constant pressure filtration of starch suspensions in dilute aqueous polyacrylamide solutions confirmed the prediction of an enhanced apparent medium resistance R_ma and a reduced cake resistance α_R. Evaluations are presented of the contributions to the pressure drop due to enhanced normal stresses in elongational flow and to polymer retention (adsorption), and of the ratio of the particle size with and without adsorbed polymer in the cake. The analysis of the data points to high levels of polymer degradation during the flow of the polymer solution through the filter cake and medium.     

颗粒群的体积分维数对过滤性能的影响

从理论上证明了颗粒群的体积分维数的物理含义,结果表明颗粒群的体积分维数可定量描述颗粒群的粒度分布宽度,准确反映了颗粒群填充三维空间的能力,并通过试验研究了颗粒群的体积分维数对滤饼孔隙率及比阻的影响规律。     

光催化膜反应器在污废水处理中的应用研究进展

传统光催化氧化技术在催化剂应用形式方面存在诸多不可克服的制约因素,将光催化氧化技术与膜分离技术进行耦合可从不同角度较好解决此类难题;目前的光催化膜反应器主要有悬浮型、负载型和内嵌型光催化膜反应器3种;在全面论述各类光催化膜反应器的工艺特性的基础之上,针对当前光催化耦合分离膜在合理选择膜类型和膜孔径方面存在理论不足的现状,首次提出耦合分离膜在膜类型和膜孔径选择过程中所要遵循的理论原则、依据和一套可操作性极强的选择程序。     

EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF THE PERMEABILITY AND RELATIVE VISCOSITY FOR FINE LATEXES AND YEAST SUSPENSIONS

The specific cake resistances of thin layers of fine latexes and of yeast cells have been determined from flux data for pressure drops of up to 100 kPa in a static filtration device. A single correlation has been developed that relates the cake resistance to particle diameter for monodisperse rigid latex spheres with diameters between 1.0 and 6.7 μm. The specific resistance of the yeast cell layers was found to be almost 50 times larger than that of the rigid latex spheres of the same median diameter

The relative viscosities of a 7.3 μm latex and yeast cell suspensions have been measured in a cone-and-plate viscometer. Empirical correlations relating the relative viscosity to the solids volume fraction were developed from linear regression of the data for each suspension. A correlation was also developed that relates the relative viscosity of the yeast cell suspension to the cell count. The effective shear-viscosities were not observed to exhibit a significant shear-rate dependence. However, an apparent viscosity increase with time was observed. This is attributed to radial migration of the particles as a result of interactions with the surface of the cone.     

PAN膜过滤除浊的传质特性

利用PAN膜(聚丙烯腈)对含浊度原水进行过滤,得出PAN膜的传质特点,结合滤饼层阻力模型对试验结果进行分析并给出膜过滤去除浊度的合理化建议。     

滤饼结构的图象分析仪测试

用扫描电镜和图象分析仪对滤饼的内部结构（包括孔隙度及孔隙尺寸分布）进行了测试研究，并建立了滤饼孔隙尺寸分布的数学模型。     

基于地质聚合物原理实现泥饼固化的固井质量改善方法

钻井液在井壁上形成的一层不可固化的泥饼是固井二界面质量出现问题的主要因素,而泥饼固化技术是解决固井二界面问题的新思路。笔者结合矿渣固化泥饼技术和MTA固井技术的优势,提出了基于地质聚合物原理实现泥饼固化的新思。实验研究结果表明,在钻井液中加入偏高岭土和超细矿渣2种潜活性材料,当膨润土、偏高岭土和超细矿渣的比例为3︰3︰1时,钻井液形成的泥饼在激活剂的作用下能够具有较高强度;激活参数优化结果表明,激活剂硅酸钠的最佳加量为偏高岭土加量的72%,用于激活矿渣的氢氧化钠最佳加量为偏高岭土加量的2%,最优激活时间为15 min。此外,研究了偏高岭土和超细矿渣与钻井液的配伍性,发现2种材料对钻井液性能影响较小。通过泥饼固化实验结果显示,钻井液基浆的泥饼强度提高了63倍,2种钻井液体系的泥饼强度分别提高了16倍和20倍,表明该技术具有广阔的研究前景。      

新型高温高密度盐水钻井液研究

针对中国高温高密度盐水钻井液普遍存在的"使用处理剂种类过多,加量过大,钻井液老化后HTHP造壁性和流变性难以控制,配制成本和维护成本居高不下"的难题,分析长期攻关而至今没能很好解决的原因,在此基础上提出了"以利用钻井液中处理剂高温交联作用为基础,结合使用优化重晶石级配以解决高密度钻井液黏度高、HTHP失水量大、且性能很难调控的难题,综合形成了高温高密度盐水钻井液研究"新的技术路线,并由此研发出性能好（HTHP失水量低,流变性良好……）而处理剂种类少（共4种）、总用量大幅度降低（仅为现用量的1/2~1/3）的高温高密度盐水钻井液体系,而且具有高温条件下使用性能越来越好,性能维护方便的潜力和趋势,为有效解决中国高温高密度盐水钻井液多年未能很好解决的技术难题,提供一条可行的途径。      

比重分级对小麦粉及海绵蛋糕品质的影响

研究比重分级对小麦粉及海绵蛋糕品质的影响.将比重分级后的轻麦、重麦与分级前的原麦碾磨制粉后制作蛋糕,比较分析小麦籽粒、小麦粉和蛋糕品质.研究结果表明:比重分级后重麦较原麦的不完善粒率下降22.10％,小麦粉的面筋指数增高6.88％,湿面筋含量增高9.22％,降落数值增加15.19％,面团稳定时间增加0.97 min,面...